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                                                             on Gopher (inofficial)
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       COMMENT PAGE FOR:
  HTML   Resistance training load does not determine hypertrophy
       
       
        DiskoHexyl wrote 30 min ago:
        Age: 22+-3
        AND with that weight to ffbm ratio not only untrained, but at least
        slightly (I’m being generous here) overweight.
        
        With these pre-requisites it almost doesn’t matter what kind of
        physical activity one does- the muscles will grow anyway. It’s when
        you are older and/or accustomed to some kind of physical training, that
        you really noticeably benefit from resistance training.
        
        And still, that ‘almost’ part does a lot of the heavy lifting here.
        
        I don’t believe it’s really possible for a couch potato without any
        experience to correctly assess their 1RM. People with no experience
        with pain and effort typically can’t push themselves hard enough, so
        the entire exercise turns to a half-cardio anyway.
        
        And gauging 1 rep max in a bicep curl is especially difficult (saying
        nothing of a risk of injury).
        
        I understand the complexity and difficulty of researching the subject,
        but this entire article is no good and is hardly applicable to most of
        the population IMO
       
        padjo wrote 1 hour 13 min ago:
        The quality of evidence in exercise training is generally pretty
        terrible. 10 week study with untrained college students tells you very
        little about what happens over a lifetime of lifting. Personally I’ve
        found that switching rep range on an exercise is a great way to break
        through plateaus.
        
        Ultimately you’re engaged in an n=1 study and general advice is of
        limited use. You need to learn what tools are available, how your body
        reacts to different stimuli, what keeps you consistent etc. Everything
        is context dependent, trying to find some universally “best” way is
        a wild goose chase.
       
        leonflexo wrote 2 hours 20 min ago:
        I thought hypertrophic focused routines were their own subset. Starting
        with a high rep, like 20, decreasing something like 2/week while
        increasing the weight. You technically can increase load, but in my
        experience it isn't strictly necessary. 10-12 weeks down to 1-2 reps
        then 3-4 off to reset. This isn't a strength routine, simply for size
        relative to lift.
       
        chistev wrote 2 hours 40 min ago:
        Firas Zahabi on focusing on consistency over intensity in training.
        
  HTML  [1]: https://youtu.be/_fbCcWyYthQ?si=gf39MLiqid9e6Szu
       
        westurner wrote 3 hours 53 min ago:
        What about Time Under Tension?
        
        "Equalization of Training Protocols by Time Under Tension Determines
        the Magnitude of Changes in Strength and Muscular Hypertrophy" (2022)
        [1] :
        
        > Abstract: [...] In conclusion, training protocols with the same TUT
        promote similar strength gains and muscle hypertrophy. Moreover,
        considering that the protocols used different numbers of repetitions,
        the results indicate that training volumes cannot be considered
        separately from TUT when evaluating neuromuscular adaptations.
        
  HTML  [1]: https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/fulltext/2022/07000/equaliz...
       
          coffeebeqn wrote 2 hours 53 min ago:
          So could I just do one super slow (some minutes) squat per week at
          like 60% and get all the benefits still?
       
        henning wrote 5 hours 2 min ago:
        Yep, lots of different ways to get jacked. That means if you couldn't
        care less about strength, you can do pretty much any decent exercise
        that targets the muscle(s) you want to grow in a very wide rep range.
        Most people want a combination of both size and strength, so you can
        just do some sets of 5-10 if you aren't already. If you want to have a
        strong deadlift or squat or whatever, you should train that movement.
        Not as complicated as fitness social media people want to make it seem:
        train for what you want.
       
          esperent wrote 2 hours 36 min ago:
          I don't think this is true. I've been following a fairly standard
          progression on several of the standard exercises over the last year
          and half. I've seen steady progression on leg press, which is a
          strongly stabilized and isolated exercise. I saw the same rate of
          initial progression on squats but then it dropped off and I haven't
          really seen any progression for six months.
          
          The issue is stability. I have to provide the stability for squats.
          The machine gives me stability for leg press. I won't get the
          stability I need for further progression, at least not at an optimal
          rate, just from squatting. I need to do complementary exercises.
       
        landl0rd wrote 6 hours 13 min ago:
        You can do the goofiest workout you can possibly imagine as a young
        untrained male and put on muscle.  You will do so at roughly max rate
        regardless of what you do as long as it’s vaguely productive.  This
        isn’t useful research ngl.
       
        Imanari wrote 8 hours 45 min ago:
        For beginner lifters that might be true initially, but eventually
        weight will matter.
       
        Sporktacular wrote 8 hours 59 min ago:
        So resistance is futile?
       
          claytongulick wrote 8 hours 54 min ago:
          When < 1 ohm
       
        AstroBen wrote 9 hours 0 min ago:
        > Healthy, recreationally active but untrained young males
        
        Yeah this is why. Anything you do as an untrained person is going to
        get you newbie gains. It's just really easy to improve initially.
        Doesn't mean it'll work after the first 6 months
       
          andreareina wrote 4 min ago:
          Brad Schoenfeld felt the same way, so he did the study on trained
          participants, and made the same finding:
          
  HTML    [1]: https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/fulltext/2015/10000/Effec...
       
          goodpoint wrote 15 min ago:
          "HN dismisses study without understanding it"
       
          matwood wrote 42 min ago:
          Yeah. When was powerlifting seriously I spent months with my deadlift
          stuck on 525 pounds. I would measure progress by how many times I
          could just get the weight off the floor, then how far off the floor,
          etc… The newbie gains were long gone.
       
          olalonde wrote 1 hour 47 min ago:
          Also, it's more difficult to reach true failure with lower load,
          people tend to stop too early.
       
          RickyLahey wrote 2 hours 27 min ago:
          this is peak gym bro science
       
          zahlman wrote 3 hours 1 min ago:
          From my recollection, this is a quite common issue with studies in
          this topic area.
       
          throwaway713 wrote 3 hours 4 min ago:
          > Yeah this is why.
          
          Guys, the study has been refuted by AstroBen. No need to read it.
       
          nezi wrote 3 hours 27 min ago:
          This paper isn’t saying that it doesn’t matter what program you
          do, it’s saying that other variables, not directly related to the
          method of weight training, matter more. It also assumes that you can
          extrapolate data from one individual training each limb with a
          different program to if that individual performs either program on
          both limbs. Maybe there are carryover affects to the lower load limb
          that you get from training heavier with the higher load limb that you
          wouldn’t from training both at a lower intensity.
       
          timr wrote 4 hours 23 min ago:
          Perhaps there's some unmeasured influence, but this study was looking
          only at the difference between growth within subjects vs between
          subjects. If the subjects were all "newbies", then that doesn't
          explain the results.
          
          They're essentially saying that individual genetics explain the
          majority of the variation seen as a response to muscle stimulus in
          their test subjects, not the mass used, because the variation within
          the test cohorts was greater than the variation between them. You can
          argue that, if they didn't test experienced lifters the results might
          be different in that population, but you can't dismiss the results on
          those grounds.
       
            raducu wrote 3 hours 14 min ago:
            > not the mass used.
            
            Completely anecdotal, but when I was 18, in highschool, I trained
            in the gym in my hometown, supervised with a trainer, 12 reps per
            muscle group, very modest gains.
            
            I move to university, start reading a fitness forum where people
            were saying do max 6 reps if you want big gains.
            
            I also started supplementing with whey protein, and within 3 months
            the gains were spectacular, everybody noticed, I felt on fire, best
            time of my life, I miss so much how great I felt in my own body.
            
            I've seen other colleagues and how they trained -- I can say there
            was 100% correlation that those people who were not training hard
            also did not have big gains.  
            People who had enough breath left in them to chat in the gym simply
            did not gain as much as people I saw as training hard.
            
            Also for me, the 6 reps to exhaustion felt completely different
            then 12 reps (again, to complete exhaustion) -- immediately after
            the training it felt amazing to be alive, the world became a
            comfortable place, my anxiety completely vanished, and in the night
            and morning after an intense training (especially the legs and
            back) the erections and libido boost were out of this world,
            something I never felt with the 12 reps regimen.
       
              bendtb wrote 3 hours 2 min ago:
              Anecdotally as someone who strength trained on a recreational
              basis the last 20 years (and run a marathon just to see if I
              could), nothing beats heavy lifting.
              
              A Strong lifts 5x5 program build around squat, deadlifts, bench
              and shoulder press can always make me feel pumped for the day!
       
                matwood wrote 40 min ago:
                Same. Finding heavy lifting changed my life if I’m honest.
                The strength gains, body comp, and how I felt was amazing.
       
            sedivy94 wrote 3 hours 35 min ago:
            The activation energy or stimulus required for hypertrophy in
            untrained individuals is so low that it’s hard to differentiate
            the results. Studies like this absolutely need to be done in
            trained individuals if you want reliable data.
       
              bluGill wrote 45 min ago:
              Most people are untrained so this is useful reliable data for
              most people. However for those who actually care about results:
              they are trained, or soon will be andthis data doesn't apply.
       
          ed wrote 6 hours 2 min ago:
          this wasn't a study of absolute growth (sure - newbie gains), but
          rather the difference between high and low load programming within
          individuals.
       
            Nevermark wrote 4 hours 51 min ago:
            > the difference between high and low load programming within
            [newbies]
            
            Fixed that.
            
            As the comment you replied to noted, newbie gains are remarkably
            sensitive to any stimulation, and insensitive to the type of
            stimulation. Because going from zero to any resistance training is
            a massive stimulus increase, on a long-term under stimulated
            system.
            
            The study does confirm that. The data it produces is useful.
            
            What this study doesn't do, is help newbies (or anyone) choose the
            most effective practices to adopt. Because 10 weeks is way too
            short to identify best practices for any sustained program.
       
          foldingmoney wrote 6 hours 34 min ago:
          exactly. when you're new, virtually any type of lifting you do is
          going to create sufficient stimulus to trigger maximum muscle growth,
          because you're going from 0 to 1. unfortunately, since the only
          people that researchers can usually convince to participate in their
          studies are untrained, this has led to an enormous amount of junk
          studies where they try to extrapolate the results to people who are
          not untrained.
       
        mmmilanooo wrote 9 hours 29 min ago:
        It does matter. It's the only objective way to measure progress. A
        study doesn't negate that.
       
          yjftsjthsd-h wrote 8 hours 49 min ago:
          I don't think so? If last week I could do 50 reps @ 5 lbs, and this
          week I can do 50 at 6 lbs (or 60 at 5lbs), then that's measurable
          objective progress
       
          justatdotin wrote 9 hours 4 min ago:
          isnt the 1RM the measure of progress?
       
            SoftTalker wrote 7 hours 32 min ago:
            If that's what you're training for, sure. If you just want to be
            strong, you can achieve that and avoid the highest injury risk by
            sticking with 5 reps or so.
       
        amelius wrote 9 hours 34 min ago:
        Wait, why are we figuring this out only now?
       
          overhead4075 wrote 9 hours 9 min ago:
          A paper doesn't necessarily mean the information is new, but that
          there is now some/more evidence to support it.
       
            amelius wrote 8 hours 7 min ago:
            True, but this kind of information is so basic it almost fits in
            the "world is round" category.
       
        cubefox wrote 9 hours 35 min ago:
        > Twenty healthy young male participants completed thrice-weekly
        resistance exercise sessions for 10 weeks.
        
        Not sure how much can be concluded from this.
       
          cubefox wrote 5 hours 54 min ago:
          I think the downvoters need to read up on underpowered statistics.
       
        Torkel wrote 9 hours 41 min ago:
        I.e.
        
        No pain, no gain.
       
          slashtmpslashme wrote 7 hours 6 min ago:
          If it's _painful_ you are doing it wrong
          
  HTML    [1]: https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/bx3gkHJehRCYZAF3r/pain-is-no...
       
            mahdi7d1 wrote 5 hours 59 min ago:
            If it's not painfull you are not exerting enough effort at least
            that's the case in the gym. People who are refreshed and more
            energetic after going to the gym are the same people who won't
            improve beyond intermediate levels. The ones who let go of the any
            set at the first feelings of unease and never take a set close to
            failure.
            
            It's actually fascinating how an ancient proverb could line up with
            modern science so perfectly.
       
              toshinoriyagi wrote 5 hours 28 min ago:
              It certainly does not need to be painful. I think most people
              will make a distinction between the burn of acidosis, or what you
              call unease, and actual pain indicating damage is occurring.
              
              But yes, if you never train close to failure you will not grow,
              not past beginner gains, unless you take steroids.
       
          cyberax wrote 9 hours 2 min ago:
          This is really terrible advice that just discourages people.
          
          You absolutely can get significant improvements without (much) pain.
          DOMS during the initial stages is going to be the most uncomfortable
          part. Once you're past it, you don't need to push yourself to a
          breaking point, just to the point of mild exhaustion.
          
          This will provide you enough resistance to gain muscle mass and
          improve the bone density to healthy levels.
       
            strken wrote 8 hours 40 min ago:
            Yeah, "no pain no gain" is probably the worst advice I've ever
            received. It encourages sedentary people to go hard for a week and
            then quit, which is the exact opposite of what works: starting with
            consistent easy sessions and adding progressive overload.
            
            Dynomight has a good blog post about this[0], but applied to
            running rather than resistance training.
            
            [0]
            
  HTML      [1]: https://dynomight.net/2021/01/25/how-to-run-without-all-th...
       
        bethekidyouwant wrote 9 hours 42 min ago:
        The group that did lower reps with higher weight, had the better one
        rep max at the end of the study, but they didn’t measure if the
        higher rep group had greater endurance. Which seems a bit odd,
        considering their conclusion is both groups grew the same amount of
        muscle which fine but if the muscle is adapted for something different
        in each group, you would want to capture that.
       
          wiether wrote 1 hour 38 min ago:
          > both groups grew the same amount of muscle which fine but
          
          The focus was on hypertrophy, so 1RM or endurance doesn't matter in
          their case
       
        weinzierl wrote 9 hours 49 min ago:
        If I read this correctly the gist is that it does not matter if you use
        heavy weights with few reps (common body builder wisdom) or lighter
        weights with more reps. As long as you always exercise to
        complete muscle fatigue you'll
        get the maximum for your genetics (which itself varies a lot).
       
          bob1029 wrote 7 hours 44 min ago:
          There's no way this works in practice. A lot of heavy lifting
          (maximums) is about neurology and mind-body training. You cannot
          develop the ability to deadlift 405lbs by spending 2 hours using a
          cable crossover machine every day. Picking up something that weighs
          2x more than you do requires your brain to send an extremely strong,
          synchronized signal. This is something that takes a lot of practice
          to develop. You have to consistently push your maximum voluntary
          effort in order to expand this capacity.
       
            toshinoriyagi wrote 5 hours 38 min ago:
            There is a minimum weight you must use to create a training
            stimulus, but yes, you can increase your 1RM with higher-rep sets
            (again, to a limit, they can't be sets of 100, the weight is too
            light).
            
            To increase your 1RM at the most optimal pace, yes you need to
            specifically train the movement so that you can benefit from
            improved technique and neurological adaptation. But if I do tricep,
            pec, and front delt isolation exercises at higher reps, to failure,
            and see significant hypertrophy in these muscles, my bench press
            will be stronger, other things constant.
       
            jjj123 wrote 7 hours 39 min ago:
            Right, but this post is about hypertrophy (big muscles). Not about
            heavy lifts.
       
              bob1029 wrote 7 hours 24 min ago:
              Well one thing can lead into the other over time. If you can lift
              405 once, 315 for reps becomes pedestrian and 225 becomes boring.
              Lifting that much weight will turn you into a monster faster than
              if you had not pushed for that capacity. I've seen people who can
              treat a 225lb barbell as if it's unloaded and 100% of them look
              like dragon ball Z characters.
       
                paulmooreparks wrote 6 hours 32 min ago:
                Body mechanics, leverage, and neuro-muscular connection
                definitely come into play. I could deadlift 430lbs for reps at
                my peak, and I while I was no string bean, I also didn't look
                all that muscular compared to the other lifters at my gym. I
                have ridiculously long arms relative to my height and
                relatively shorter legs, which gives me an advantage for
                deadlift. I had monstrous-looking guys watch me lift and then
                ask me what stack I was on. They didn't believe me when I said
                I was natural.
       
          MattRix wrote 8 hours 47 min ago:
          Unless I’m missing something, this has already been known, though
          the hypertrophic benefits start to reduce beyond 30 reps.
       
          rorytbyrne wrote 8 hours 49 min ago:
          > heavy weights with few reps (common body builder wisdom)
          
          It is strength training (not body builder) wisdom to use heavy
          weights with few reps. Hypertrophy (i.e. body builder) programmes
          usually call for 8-12 reps, which implies relatively low weights.
       
            NooneAtAll3 wrote 8 hours 34 min ago:
            is "8-12" not "few" for you?
       
              solumunus wrote 2 hours 36 min ago:
              No that’s definitely considered to be a moderate rep range.
              Roughly speaking low is 1-5, mid is 6-12, high is 12+. Above 20
              is practically irrelevant.
       
              SoftTalker wrote 7 hours 36 min ago:
              3-5 reps per set for powerlifting training. Competition lifts are
              a single rep.
       
              throwaway6734 wrote 7 hours 37 min ago:
              1-3 is few
       
              rorytbyrne wrote 7 hours 48 min ago:
              Relatively speaking, no. Strength training (as opposed to
              hypertrophy) calls for fewer reps, around 5 per set.
              
              Many people advise spending about a year doing more sets of fewer
              (~5) reps to build strength, and then switch to fewer sets of
              more reps (8-12) when you want to build muscle mass.
              
              Point being, the idea of doing lighter weights until failure is
              already kind of there in body building wisdom.
       
          toomuchtodo wrote 9 hours 24 min ago:
          Can we replicate the process of reaching muscle fatigue/failure to
          spur muscle growth without the strength training or anabolic
          steroids? Think GLP-1RAs but for this specific biological pathway.
          [1]
          
  HTML    [1]: https://www.biopharmadive.com/news/lilly-terminate-obesity-t...
  HTML    [2]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/...
       
            toshinoriyagi wrote 5 hours 33 min ago:
            Steroid use has been shown to increase muscle in untrained males by
            around 25-30% I believe, without adding any exercise. That doesn't
            accomplish too much. If you want any worthwhile results, you will
            still have to train, although the steroids produce significantly
            more results for the same investment.
       
              QuercusMax wrote 2 hours 5 min ago:
              Andre the Giant said he never worked out, he just wrestled. He
              had some kind of growth hormone disorder, if I recall.
              
              Think about gorillas, who are pretty similar to us - they don't
              lift weights in the gym, do they?
       
                tormeh wrote 36 min ago:
                Yeah, muscles are mostly about genetics, just like anything
                else. A mouse won't become a rhino by lifting. Humans are so
                incredibly genetically homogeneous that it can sometimes be
                tempting to ignore this, but even between humans the
                variability is quite large.
       
            stuffn wrote 6 hours 56 min ago:
            The reason no one has found a better way is because hypertrophy is
            because it’s well understood and there’s no “better”
            solution. mTOR is the primary hormone pathway.thy increase the
            adaptation ceiling by increasing RBC, reducing protein breakdown,
            etc. Thereby reducing rest needed, so mTOR is heavily unregulated.
            
            This is one of the view places where “if we could we would” is
            the correct answer. There is so much money in the space of anabolic
            cheating, the clandestine scientists would’ve already developed
            it.
       
            allan_s wrote 8 hours 44 min ago:
            My understanding is that anabolic steroid are somehow close to what
            you're thinking about? It's just that as anything taking a simple
            shortcut , it comes with unwanted effects
       
          zemvpferreira wrote 9 hours 38 min ago:
          It’s worth noting that muscle is not all the same. If you’re just
          into bodybuilding then sure, proximity to failure is what matters.
          For athletics though, there still seems to be a big impact in the rep
          range you work in.
       
            d-us-vb wrote 9 hours 5 min ago:
            This. Muscles can be optimized for volume/endurance or power, or
            some balance between them. Taking legs as an example: Powerlifters
            obviously go for pure power, whereas runners need a bit of power
            but mostly endurance, whereas cyclists need more power than runners
            but more endurance than powerlifters.
            
            All of these benefit from weight training, but depending on the
            sport, the programming will be very different.
       
              allan_s wrote 8 hours 22 min ago:
              I think I know where they're coming from as I used to have a
              similar wrong model. I thought strength = more muscle cells and
              endurance = just better heart/lungs to deliver oxygen and clear
              waste like CO2 and lactic acid.
              
              Turns out muscle fibers mostly grow bigger rather than more
              numerous, and there are different fiber types (slow-twitch vs
              fast-twitch) that adapt based on how you train. So for the same
              muscle, an Ironman runner and a guy doing heavy low-rep squats
              will develop different fiber characteristics: you can't fully max
              out both.
              
              I'm simplifying, but learning this changed a lot about how I
              understand exercise at the biological level.
       
          kace91 wrote 9 hours 39 min ago:
          It is actually common bodybuilder wisdom to go for the lighter
          version.
          
          Stereotyping, weightlifters who go for max numbers do 1 set of a
          million pounds and rest three hours between exercises, while
          bodybuilders do thirty exercises a day for 8 series of 15 reps each.
       
        armcat wrote 9 hours 50 min ago:
        I thought it was already well understood/researched that it's not the
        weights that matter, but effectively taking your sets to muscular
        failure. While one might think "I can do 50 reps with low weights"
        there is practical aspects to this - you don't wand to spend hours at
        the gym, and doing heavy weights at 5-7 reps is sufficient as long as
        you are close or at muscular failure.
       
          kombine wrote 1 hour 20 min ago:
          Training to failure for me personally only brought injury and set
          back my progress by weeks.
       
          calmbonsai wrote 2 hours 57 min ago:
          There's also the risk of injury.
          
          At very low reps and high weight, particularly for highly coordinated
          motions (squats, dips, pull-ups, Pulver press back-extensions),
          there's a much higher chance for injury due to insufficient support
          at one or more positions within the entire range of concentric and
          eccentric efforts by all activated muscles.  We all have, at the very
          least, minor intrinsic asymmetries that need explicit addressing.
          
          There's also intra-set recovery.  Roughly (very roughly) speaking,
          your endo-neuro-muscular system "adapts best" where there is a
          refractory period for a reset-to-quiescence between exertions.
          
          There is real truth to "muscle memory" and the exclusive way to
          achieve that (and avoid injury) is through a sufficient amount of
          well-formed repetitions.  The only way to achieve those repetitions
          is by using a resistance that's sufficiently low.
       
            vjerancrnjak wrote 1 hour 57 min ago:
            Asymmetry is normal and you cannot address it (outside of
            repeatability of movement, aiming for no form degradation during
            high load).
            
            As long as your movement does not degrade horribly, asymmetry is
            fine.
            
            Even before strength training, your one arm is dominant, more
            precise. But this has an effect on your leg as well.
            
            Doing unilateral work will never change that asymmetry. As you get
            stronger, due to drastically different activations of the nervous
            system between the sides, you will get slightly different
            adaptations.
            
            Looking at powerlifters, most of them have visibly different sizes
            of hip, leg musculature between sides. They even have drastic
            flexibility differences where one hip goes deeper, or the
            musculature makes the barbell sit skewed on the back.
       
          sedivy94 wrote 3 hours 31 min ago:
          Novelty of stimulus is a huge factor, especially as training
          continues over years. Failure from a set of 20 is very different than
          failure from a set of 5, and bodybuilders will periodize their
          training to cycle through the different flavors of stimulus. I think
          a big contributor might be neuromuscular adaptation. Cycling through
          those different intensities over training periods measured in months
          will make this apparent anecdotally.
       
            solumunus wrote 2 hours 46 min ago:
            > bodybuilders will periodize their training to cycle through the
            different flavors of stimulus
            
            Some will, many won’t. It’s clearly not necessary.
       
          safety1st wrote 5 hours 55 min ago:
          There are a few issues with taking every set to failure, the most
          important being that it will substantially increase your risk of
          injury. It sounds great until you consider compounds like the
          deadlift that can ruin your back if your form is bad, and by
          definition, going to failure means your form will be imperfect at
          some point. There are lots of macho powerlifters out there with
          permanently ruined spines who will probably die earlier than they
          would have otherwise, due to mobility degradation.
          
          Particularly as you get older you become more injury prone and your
          recovery time slows down. This necessitates being cautious about how
          quickly you increase weight and how often you go to failure.
          
          The better goal to target is increasing volume, where volume is
          defined as Sets x Reps x Weight. The literature doesn't conclusively
          establish that any one of these is "more important" than the others
          for hypertrophy. The only real caveat when you follow this rule is
          that at a certain extreme of low weight / high reps (like 50 reps)
          you wouldn't actually be doing resistance training anymore, it'd be
          cardio.
       
            acoard wrote 3 hours 56 min ago:
            What about longer rest periods? For example if I wait 1hr between
            sets I can do full weight again without dropping down weights with
            a 2-5min break. In fact I can get multiple more sets in and
            significantly increase my total volume if I spread a workout over a
            day (which is easier with WFH). Any thoughts on this? Is there not
            enough muscle fatigue with this approach?
       
              travisjungroth wrote 3 hours 41 min ago:
              Hard to stay warmed up that way. What you’re describing is how
              people tend to get big without the gym (lifting heavy things
              through the day) but they also tend be pretty active in between
              (think farm work).
              
              But as long as you’re not going so hard you risk injury, it
              might be great overall. Could be really good for your mental
              state.
       
            siddboots wrote 5 hours 13 min ago:
            I think the total volume idea is more flawed than you realise.
            Pretty much everyone would be able to achieve greater volume, on
            any exercise, just by decreasing the weight, so your high rep
            caveat is covering up for quite a lot. This is true mathematically
            for an Epley style model for example.
       
              matwood wrote 35 min ago:
              > Pretty much everyone would be able to achieve greater volume,
              on any exercise
              
              I’m not sure this is true and it might be the opposite. Lactic
              acid will build up with light weight while trying to hit a volume
              number that will make it hard for people to finish.
       
            Retric wrote 5 hours 29 min ago:
            2 reps in reserve is fine and far less painful, but you need to go
            to actual failure often enough to know where failure is on each
            set.  I’m nerdy enough to suggest rolling a 20 sided die for each
            set, and on a 1 take it to failure it’s not that complicated and
            keeps your predictions honest.
            
            As I understand it taking a set near failure works reasonably
            anywhere between 5 to 30 reps, but 30 well controlled reps with
            good form * 3+ sets for each muscle group gets really boring.
       
              nrhrjrjrjtntbt wrote 3 hours 48 min ago:
              Boring is subjective though. For some like me the ideal weight
              gives endorphins where as too much feels like cortisol. Too light
              is sort of nothing. So I aim for that "yeah I pushed something"
              feeling. Which isn't failure.
       
                Retric wrote 2 hours 19 min ago:
                Let’s be realistic, everyone goes through periods when they
                just don’t want to work out.
                
                So optimal in terms of personal preference is defiantly worth
                considering alongside optimal in terms of results, but optimal
                in terms of returns on effort defiantly has a place at some
                point in our lives.
       
                  matwood wrote 37 min ago:
                  This is key to recognize. Even when you don’t “feel” it
                  you still go and do your program. But, when you do feel good,
                  you go and push.
       
          toshinoriyagi wrote 6 hours 0 min ago:
          The weight does matter. You will never get bigger if you don't add
          weight to the bar, and you will never get bigger if you only train at
          1% of your 1 rep max, no matter the number of reps. Producing a
          training stimulus requires placing the muscle under sufficient
          tension (enough weight) enough times to be at or near failure.
       
          landl0rd wrote 6 hours 13 min ago:
          Fifty is excessive but you’re better-served doing 12-20 reps more
          than fewer, heavier reps if you’re pushing hypertrophy and already
          well-trained.
       
            taneq wrote 4 hours 17 min ago:
            That matches what I've been told by various personal trainers. 6-8
            reps if focusing on strength, ~12 for all round, and 16-18 for
            size/endurance. Do three sets, weight should be enough that the
            last couple of reps on the first set are a bit of a struggle.
            Subsequent sets just push through as far as you can.
       
              hatefulheart wrote 4 hours 8 min ago:
              Your trainers clearly never read Starting Strength.
       
          fudged71 wrote 7 hours 34 min ago:
          Brad Schoenfeld Has been on this body of work for a long time, and he
          is "Mr. Hypertrophy" in the field. So yes
       
          vasco wrote 8 hours 55 min ago:
          >  Loads for each set were adjusted to ensure that volitional fatigue
          was reached within 8–12 and 20–25 repetitions for the HL and LL
          limbs, respectively
          
          I would argue both categories of the study are about low reps. I
          don't see how the body would tell the difference between 12 and 25
          reps. If you said between 5 and 500, like it has to meaningfully take
          much longer, otherwise why would doing something so similar have any
          meaningful difference?
          
          The way I think about it is that nature mostly reacts to order of
          magnitude changes. 12 to 25 is the same thing.
          
          Like why not make a study to see if its more nutritious to eat dinner
          in 15 or 20 minutes?
       
            mnky9800n wrote 8 hours 37 min ago:
            I feel like I would definitely notice if I went from 12 to 25 reps
            on any exercise I do. Although typically I max out at 8 before
            adding more weight.
       
              Dylan16807 wrote 6 hours 57 min ago:
              > I feel like I would definitely notice if I went from 12 to 25
              reps on any exercise I do.
              
              To be clear, the implication is that 12 and 25 have different
              weights so they tire you the same amount.  Do you think it would
              be a very strongly felt difference in that situation?  What would
              the difference feel like?
       
            pjc50 wrote 8 hours 46 min ago:
            This is spoken like you've never done any reps at all?
       
              vasco wrote 8 hours 25 min ago:
              There's not much difference in hitting max at 12 and at 25, from
              anecdotal experience. The study corroborated that as well, even
              though with small n.
       
                solumunus wrote 2 hours 40 min ago:
                What do you mean by there’s no difference? The difference is
                in the relative load needed in each example.
       
          amelius wrote 9 hours 32 min ago:
          How about making muscles fail by stretching them under load?
       
            mrob wrote 9 hours 19 min ago:
            Depending on what you mean by "fail" and "stretching", that sounds
            a lot like eccentric training [0] (a.k.a. "negatives"). It's
            effective but notorious for causing delayed onset muscle soreness.
            
            I trained myself to do pull-ups using this method, repeatedly
            lowering myself in a controlled motion from the top position while
            I was too weak to actually pull myself up.
            
            [0]
            
  HTML      [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eccentric_training
       
            jimbo808 wrote 9 hours 30 min ago:
            Sounds like a great way to injure yourself, also would only work
            for eccentric motion
       
              amelius wrote 9 hours 28 min ago:
              To me it doesn't sound much different than "taking your sets to
              muscular failure".
       
                jimbo808 wrote 8 hours 43 min ago:
                Not all muscles resist extension, some do the opposite and
                contract.
       
                  pasquinelli wrote 6 hours 44 min ago:
                  i don't understand what this means. the stretch feeling is an
                  involuntary muscle contraction that is happening to resist
                  extension on the opposite side.
       
          kace91 wrote 9 hours 37 min ago:
          >While one might think "I can do 50 reps with low weights"
          
          The caveat is that you need anaerobic training. Low enough weight and
          it’s cardio, you don’t get giant legs by walking to failure for
          example.
       
            vjk800 wrote 1 hour 16 min ago:
            I don't know. All cyclists I know seem to have massive thighs. And
            these are amateurs who don't do any kind of strength training, just
            hours and hours of cycling every week.
       
            solumunus wrote 2 hours 48 min ago:
            Well you’re not applying much mechanical tension to the
            quadriceps when “walking to failure”. This is nowhere near
            analogous.
       
            nnutter wrote 6 hours 49 min ago:
            Has anyone really ever walked to failure on a regular basis? I
            typically have to stop because of blisters not muscle failure. (The
            furthest I've done is 12 miles with +10% weight.)
       
              exq wrote 5 hours 37 min ago:
              I backpack often (usually 8-13% bodyweight in my pack) and during
              long summer days I can comfortably push well into the 30 mile per
              day range if there isn't too much vert to slow my pace down. My
              feet get sore, brain gets tired, and I run out of daylight well
              before any sort of muscle failure in my legs. If you aren't used
              to walking from sunrise to sunset doing so would build muscle,
              but your time would be better spent on a progressive overload leg
              routine in a gym.
       
                LorenPechtel wrote 4 hours 21 min ago:
                Yup, I have never gone that far (but my summer hiking is
                entirely at high elevation with lots of climb) but I have never
                found anything like a failure point--I wear out because of time
                (not even daylight--I've made navigation errors that left me
                out there well past sunset), not muscle failure.
       
              UI_at_80x24 wrote 6 hours 20 min ago:
              Check anybody that has done the AT.
       
                LorenPechtel wrote 4 hours 20 min ago:
                You think they hike to failure??
                
                (And you should be looking at the CDT, anyway.)
       
              worthless-trash wrote 6 hours 33 min ago:
              I used to persistent hunt to failure, ended up with bulky calves
              and tibialis.
       
                bglazer wrote 5 hours 38 min ago:
                Where were you doing this? Were you ever successful? How did
                you do it, like what were your tactics? So many questions!
                
                I’ve never heard about modern people doing serious
                persistence hunting, except for a stunt that I read about years
                ago. I think it was organized by like Outside or some running
                publication that got pro marathoners to try and they failed
                because they didn’t know anything about hunting
       
                  conception wrote 4 hours 23 min ago:
                  Right? Where’s the well written blog post on this I want?
       
          elevaet wrote 9 hours 42 min ago:
          What about the old gym adage "training to failure is failing to
          train" - is there any physiological basis for this, or is it mental,
          or just a myth?
       
            coffeebeqn wrote 2 hours 50 min ago:
            Failure also taxes your nervous system and joints which don’t
            take as kindly to stimulus as muscles do and take longer to recover
            (or accumulate damage in case of joints)
       
            NoLinkToMe wrote 3 hours 47 min ago:
            It holds true, but with some caveats.
            
            Generally training to failure is completely fine for say a set of
            tricep extensions. Generally safe.
            
            However, training to failure on compound lifts like a deadlift or
            benchpress, or involving sensitive muscles like a shoulder press,
            isn't.
            
            Technique generally suffers at the point of failure. Making a habit
            of doing thousands of repetitions in the next decade at the point
            where technique fails, on an exercise that can mess up your back
            permanently, or your shoulders, is bad advice.
            
            For these exercises it's better to stop 2 reps short of failure.
            This is more safe. Also it requires moderate recovery getting you
            back in the gym quicker, meaning you can compound more incremental
            improvements in a given training period (say 5 years).
            
            Even then, some still cautiously go to failure to keep an
            understanding of what their failure point really is. You could go
            for a PR once or twice a month for example and go to failure, with
            a proper warmup, spotter etc. But purely for hypertrophy there's
            not really a point, this is more for strength training.
            
            Generally people that say they train to failure mean 2 reps in
            reserve. Training to absolute failure on all muscles is very rare
            and generally advised against.
       
              calmbonsai wrote 2 hours 52 min ago:
              True.  Generally, the more isolated the exercise and the smaller
              the muscle the "safer" it is to train-to-failure at a higher
              duty-cycle.
              
              Put another way, you can do crunches to failure every single day,
              but you'll want to keep some reps in the tank for squats and
              you'll want to plan on at least 12-24 hours of recovery between
              squat sessions.
       
            nzeid wrote 7 hours 48 min ago:
            It's definitely way more nuanced than that. You have to approach
            exhaustion to get the body to eventually build strength. But you
            need to carefully time your rests/deloads and handle plateaus with
            more volume.
       
              thatcat wrote 6 hours 49 min ago:
              Where could I find more information on proper set timing?
       
                matwood wrote 32 min ago:
                It ends up being personal, but you want enough time to catch
                your breath and be “ready” to go again, but no more.
       
                Moto7451 wrote 6 hours 25 min ago:
                Honestly from a personal training/lifting coach. When I could
                spend serious time in the gym there’s a lot to just having
                someone with expertise for 30 minutes to give perspective. You
                can do a lot of it over video today as well.
                
                In general YouTube is a good resource. There are a lot of
                respected coaches that also produce content.
       
            teecha wrote 8 hours 12 min ago:
            not an expert, 2 years of serious lifting, but this is probably a
            good adage for the average person from my current understanding
            
            training to failure puts you at higher risk of injury and there are
            diminishing returns as you approach your 1 rep max and/or failure
            
            hypertrophy can happen with more reps or more weight
            
            strength gains are usually just focused on progressive overload
            
            though, of course, hypertrophy will happen either way and
            contributes to increased strength, but this seems to be further
            confirmation that you can gain muscle size either way
       
            wswope wrote 9 hours 23 min ago:
            That’s a Pl/Oly mindset rather than a BB/hypertrophy mindset.
            Totally valid advice in the right context.
            
            Long story short, failed reps get much more risky and problematic
            as the weight you’re lifting approaches your 1RM.
       
              Moto7451 wrote 6 hours 16 min ago:
              Exactly this. When I was in my best shape my deadlift and squat
              were in/on the way to 2.5-3x my body weight. You don’t want to
              fail that without a lot of help and safeties.
              
               Note for the uninitiated: That figure is not even impressive or
              competitive with competition lifters. This is just “guy who put
              in the time and work” numbers.
       
                matwood wrote 33 min ago:
                Don’t sell yourself short though. Those are very respectable
                numbers ahead of the vast majority of the population.
       
            kace91 wrote 9 hours 36 min ago:
            I’ve never heard that, it’s usually the opposite- people do
            strip sets and the like to reach failure
       
          xnx wrote 9 hours 45 min ago:
          Well understood, but not widely known. The myths and superstitions
          around anything health related are frustratingly durable.
       
        Analemma_ wrote 9 hours 51 min ago:
        I know it's practically de rigeur to jump into the comments and
        immediately complain about methodology for any study that makes it to
        the front page, and I want to emphasize I don't distrust their
        findings, but I would like to see an equivalent study go out longer
        than 10 weeks. When I've been taking weightlifting seriously I feel
        like I don't even start to notice hypertrophy until 8-10 weeks. I feel
        like 6 months is the actual period where results would matter, to me,
        but I assume "subject compliance" is pretty difficult to get for such a
        timeframe, if you're really watching dietary intake and ensuring
        subjects go to failure (which, to its credit, this study did).
       
          mf_tomb wrote 9 hours 14 min ago:
          This is par for the course with exercise science. It's mostly fake.
          No blinding, small sample sizes, researchers with agenda, low
          duration, low funding etc. The good news is that doing almost
          anything works.
       
            throwaway173738 wrote 4 hours 22 min ago:
            Doing almost anything works better than doing nothing.
       
        hazard wrote 9 hours 53 min ago:
        tldr appears to be that if you work to fatigue it doesn't matter if you
        fatigue out with high weights vs low weights
       
          andoando wrote 7 hours 15 min ago:
          There is certainly a difference in a slow twitch vs fast twitch
          muscle adaptation though
          
  HTML    [1]: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8139349/
       
          teecha wrote 8 hours 24 min ago:
          fairly new to lifting myself (2+ years taking it seriously) but this
          thing seems to jive with what I've read across different areas
          
          bodybuilders can build muscle size with high reps and lower weight or
          lower reps and high weight as long as they do it close to failure
          with only a few reps in reserve (rir)
          
          powerlifters, or those focusing on strength, usually go for high
          weight and lower reps because they might be training for a
          competition that focuses on 1 rep max and/or the body can really only
          handle so many reps when pushing it at 80-90% of 1 rep max
          
          neither is inherently better but a matter of what goals you have in
          mind, plus, hypertrophy contributes to overall strength, too
       
          vlod wrote 9 hours 20 min ago:
          I agree with this, but for those newbies be careful at what you
          define as "failure".
          
          I've f.up my MCL by not listening to my body and I have the stability
          of a typical 85 year old while I try and 'heal'. It takes longer as
          you get older (you're probably not 20 year old) and stupid stuff can
          really take you out.
       
          chrishare wrote 9 hours 47 min ago:
          When training for muscle size atleast, but not strength. Presumably
          there are increased  injury risks overall when lifting heavy (based
          on a brief search).
       
       
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