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                                                             on Gopher (inofficial)
  HTML Visit Hacker News on the Web
       
       
       COMMENT PAGE FOR:
  HTML   2025 Letter
       
       
        ryukoposting wrote 4 hours 49 min ago:
        I've lived in Silicon Valley for exactly 3 days now. Recently moved
        from the Midwest.
        
        There are two kinds of people in San Jose: locals who are normal folks
        you'd find anywhere, and techies with the AI brainworm. People who are
        astonished by the natural beauty of this place, and people who are
        astonished by an office park because there are Apple and Nvidia logos
        on it. It's all incredibly weird and I don't like it much.
       
          saagarjha wrote 2 hours 6 min ago:
          Some people are both, I assure you
       
          keiferski wrote 2 hours 51 min ago:
          It is really quite unfortunate that one of the most naturally
          beautiful places in the world is full of jobs that require sitting
          inside in front of a computer all day long.
       
        deaux wrote 6 hours 47 min ago:
        I've been convinced for years now of 90% of what Dan Wang wrote here
        about China, though I don't even have 20% of his talent in writing it
        up in a coherent way. Nor do I have enough on-the-ground experience in
        the country, nor the surname, to make me credible.
        
        During all this time I've tried to think of a way to invest in this
        belief in a monetary way, but I've failed to come up with anything.
        Chinese stocks? Foreigners' holdings will likely be worthless when the
        slightest crisis happens. Then what is left? Without going and living
        there, I'm not sure. Has anyone thought about this?
       
        keiferski wrote 6 hours 49 min ago:
        The insights on American and Chinese industry / tech are undercut by
        the generic  stereotypical “Europeans are smug and
        backward-looking” comments. A bit disappointing that someone who
        spends a ton of time analyzing two complex societies (China and the US)
         falls into Reddit-tier caricature on a third.
       
          mns wrote 2 hours 29 min ago:
          The attitude here is quite astounding, seeing how any criticism of
          the author or this piece is seen as some sort of reductionism of his
          views and european smugness (?!?), all the while the author reduces
          an entire nation (Germany in this case) to the anecdote of a Georgian
          mass murderer, probably one of the most ruthless and diabolical
          people that ever existed, so yeah, very balanced discussion here.
       
          snake_doc wrote 5 hours 6 min ago:
          Would you be able provide some evidence to the contrary when it comes
          to the topics discussed in the letter?
          
          On industrial infrastructure
          
          On technology innovation
          
          On internet regulation
          
          On central planning
          
          Otherwise, your comment becomes an anecdote supporting the common
          stereotypes (assuming you’re from Europe).
       
            throwaway132448 wrote 2 hours 30 min ago:
            I mean, you only have to quote the letter itself:
            
            "I have a hard time squaring the poor prospects of Europe over the
            next decade with the smugness that Europeans have for themselves. I
            spent most of the summer in Copenhagen. There’s no doubt that
            quality of life in most European cities is superb, especially for
            what I care about: food, opera, walkable streets, access to nature.
            But a decade of low economic growth is biting. European prices and
            taxes can be so high while salaries can be so low."
            
            This particular kind of American perspective on Europe always falls
            into the same trap: Not understanding a world where economic
            performance is _not_ the be-all-and-end-all, not understanding the
            connection between the benefits of such a world (things that
            consider externalities - not individuals - in order to exist) with
            the costs of such a world (taxes).
       
              snake_doc wrote 53 min ago:
              What exactly is wrong with Americans or for the most part the
              rest of the world valuing economic performance as a measure of
              prosperity and progress?
              
              Your comment is again another anecdote confirming European
              stereotypes. It’s not a “trap”, it’s a different world
              view.
       
            keiferski wrote 4 hours 38 min ago:
            I’m responding to comments like this in the article:
            
            So I am betting that the US and China are more compelling forces
            for change. Stalin was fond of telling a story from his experience
            in Leipzig in 1907, when, to his astonishment, 200 German workers
            failed to turn up to a socialist meeting because no ticket
            controller was on the platform to punch their train tickets, citing
            this experience as proof of the hopelessness of Germanic obedience.
            Could anyone imagine Chinese or Americans being so obedient?
            
            This isn’t a serious analysis of German culture. It’s perfectly
            fine to argue that certain countries are economically or
            industrially problematic, but when you throw in comments like this,
            it really doesn’t help your argument.
            
            And I’m not from Europe, but I have lived here for years. The
            constant clueless comments by my fellow North Americans about the
            somehow monolithic entity of “Europe” are irritating.
       
              enraged_camel wrote 1 hour 41 min ago:
              >> This isn’t a serious analysis of German culture.
              
              Who said it’s meant to be a serious analysis? This is an essay
              that shares anecdotes and personal opinions, not a PhD
              dissertation.
       
              snake_doc wrote 3 hours 38 min ago:
              What part of the quote are you criticizing? Why is it irritating?
       
        NooneAtAll3 wrote 10 hours 35 min ago:
        > For tragedies too widely experienced in modern times to be censored
        — the Cultural Revolution, the one-child policy, Zero Covid ...
        
        this part has me confused
        
        can someone explain to me why Zero Covid - the most successful program
        that minimized Covid deaths - is a tragedy?
        
        imo it was better than whatever clusterfuck was happening pretty much
        everywhere else
       
          jjcc wrote 7 hours 29 min ago:
          There are two parts of the Zero Covid policy which actually is a
          continuous one    :
          
          1.At the beginning of the pandemic. It was successful in terms of
          reducing the death count of population but at the cost of freedom
          that also widely criticized in Western countries.
          
          2.Because of the early success, the government continued the policy
          even it was not necessary till close to the end of the Covid. This is
          one of the biggest policy failure in recent Chinese history. It
          caused resentment and was exploited by anti-government parties, even
          partially caused the illegal emigrant wave to the States through
          south border during 2023, which was reported on mainstream media.
          Finally it ended due to protests.
          
          Dan Wang's observation about China in his book is mostly accurate,
          except this part that he has some twisted view on CPP, which is not
          his fault but CPP's fault.
       
            deaux wrote 6 hours 51 min ago:
            > Dan Wang's observation about China in his book is mostly
            accurate, except this part that he has some twisted view on CPP,
            which is not his fault but CPP's fault.
            
            Give us your take, we're listening. Curious to hear.
       
          whoevercares wrote 10 hours 21 min ago:
          Zero-COVID was an absolute disaster. It involved severe human rights
          violations and caused immense social and economic damage, including
          unnecessary displacement, homelessness, and even deaths. The number
          is lower sure, but China had the capacity to do much better
       
            NooneAtAll3 wrote 9 hours 34 min ago:
            again, how is it a disaster if nobody else managed to do better?
            
            and it's kinda stupid to say "even deaths" on the background of
            Italy, India and even million dead in the US
       
              deaux wrote 6 hours 52 min ago:
              China's statistics on COVID deaths are entirely unreliable. In
              reality, in all likelihood China was the least successful in its
              region of East-Asia, less successful than Japan, Korea and
              Taiwan.
              
              Note that I'm not including the large-scale suffering caused by
              the way it was executed besides deaths - if you include that,
              it's beyond any doubt they did worse than the countries mentioned
              above, and it's not even close.
       
              whoevercares wrote 9 hours 6 min ago:
              many people especially those with chronic illnesses died because
              Zero-COVID blocked access to basic medical care and food. Those
              deaths were policy-driven and avoidable.
       
                jjcc wrote 7 hours 25 min ago:
                You watch too much anti government media and mixed narratives
                with solid facts. You need to read both sides of stories
       
        ChrisMarshallNY wrote 11 hours 56 min ago:
        > If the Bay Area once had an impish side, it has gone the way of most
        hardware tinkerers and hippie communes.
        
        Woz had that (still does). He was smart enough to take his winnings and
        bail. I think that many in SV can't fathom why, but I suspect I know
        exactly why.
        
        I do remember the tech community as being full of humor and whimsy. I
        miss that.
       
        blurbleblurble wrote 12 hours 6 min ago:
        All, please keep the discussion civil and free of humor
       
        ralph84 wrote 13 hours 40 min ago:
        The Europe of today is the result of 400 years of brain drain. It would
        take generations to reverse the effects, if anyone even wanted to.
       
          jimnotgym wrote 12 hours 31 min ago:
          Where were the brains draining to 350 years ago?
       
            senordevnyc wrote 10 hours 5 min ago:
            America
       
              jimnotgym wrote 5 hours 11 min ago:
              So brains were leaving Europe for European colonies then? Hardly
              a brain drain if they were still in your country.
       
        OGEnthusiast wrote 14 hours 27 min ago:
        Spot on by Dan as always, especially about the decline of Europe and
        the rise of China.
       
        AJRF wrote 14 hours 44 min ago:
        Great read. I listened to Dan on Tyler Cowen’s podcast and found him
        to be a very interesting thinker. He has the air of someone who is a
        lot more intellectually honest than a lot of our pundits (Tyler is
        pretty good though, he’s not that target of this comment)
       
        gaaz wrote 14 hours 49 min ago:
        0
       
        maxglute wrote 14 hours 49 min ago:
        >But American problems seem more fixable to me than Chinese problems
        
        Dan still one of the sharper PRC writers, but like all analysts who
        moves from PRC to stateside, he used to be Canadian in China writing
        about China to US, now Canadian writing in US about China, Dan    starts
        peddling Murican dynamism cope, maybe something in the water. i.e. see
        his his post breakneck Chinatalk interview: Humorless engineering
        governance can't beat very funny Trump/US governance is... certainly a
        take. Maybe he should do his audience a favor and elucidate why boring
        competent engineer government is less dynamic/resilient than lawyers
        other than elections can pivot fast to reduce lawyers (kek) and
        something something and see see pee can't pivot fast to make productive
        innovative libtards, since seeseepee STEM can't innovate. Because as we
        know fast 4 year election cycles work better than slow 5 year plans.
        CCP certain needs 50% more lawyers... to slow it down.
       
        performative wrote 14 hours 49 min ago:
        he makes enough odd claims about cities and countries in the beginning
        that i can only assume aren't really meant to be taken seriously, so
        i'm at a bit of a loss for how i should be reading this
       
        constantcrying wrote 15 hours 54 min ago:
        As a European, the commentary felt very biting and accurate. An entire
        continent defined by being smug about not being the USA. Where not
        competing is seen as a great virtue and where significant parts of the
        electorate are actively voting against fixing the glaringly obvious
        problems.
        
        The supposed niceness of the cities also is just not true. Many
        European cities are awful places. Where, maybe with the exception of a
        few tourist areas, you will only find dirty streets, rows of old
        apartment building regularly smeared with graffiti, shops selling used
        phones and vapes and food stores competing over who can sell the
        cheapest, still edible Kebab.
       
          xandrius wrote 14 hours 21 min ago:
          You haven't been much around outside of Europe then.
          
          And given what is currently coming out of the US in terms of
          worldwide cultural impact, I'm ok to be anti-whatever that is.
       
        RagnarD wrote 16 hours 41 min ago:
        To my surprise I found myself reading the entire rather long piece. His
        thoughts on AI, San Francisco, China, and other topics, are well worth
        the time.
       
          dalyons wrote 9 hours 35 min ago:
          Agreed! He’s a great writer stylistically and w.r.t information
          density.
       
        almostdeadguy wrote 16 hours 59 min ago:
        > I believe that Silicon Valley possesses plenty of virtues. To start,
        it is the most meritocratic part of America. Tech is so open towards
        immigrants that it has driven populists into a froth of rage. It
        remains male-heavy and practices plenty of gatekeeping. But San
        Francisco better embodies an ethos of openness relative to the rest of
        the country. Industries on the east coast — finance, media,
        universities, policy — tend to more carefully weigh name and
        pedigree.
        
        I believe I read that 27% of the founders in the YC Spring 25 class
        went to an Ivy League school and 40% previously worked at a magnificent
        7 company. I'm not saying this is any worse than the east coast, but so
        much for name and pedigree not mattering.
        
        Northern California is what it always has been: the barrier wall of
        manifest destiny, where instead of crossing the ocean the pioneers and
        all subsequent generations stayed to incubate the same incentives, and
        have been relentlessly in pursuit of the next gold rush. Gold, yellow
        journalism, semiconductors, personal computing, SaaS, crypto, AI, etc.
        It's the sink drain attractor of people looking to improve their
        fortunes in one way or another, but almost always around some kind of
        bonanza of concentrated opportunity. The concept of it being
        "meritocratic" is a rephrasing of ideology that's always existed about
        the region: you too could get rich here. But I don't really see any
        difference in the networks of power that exist in SV as do the rest of
        the country.
        
        I grew up in the bay area and am far happier living outside it. I'm
        happier to be in a place where art and the humanities are valued
        instead of cast aside as immaterial or silly or a distraction. I'm
        happier to live in a place where people have varied interests instead
        of orienting their life around whatever the prevailing Big Thing is.
        
        > So the 20-year-olds who accompanied Mr. Musk into the Department of
        Government Efficiency did not, I would say, distinguish themselves with
        their judiciousness. The Bay Area has all sorts of autistic tendencies.
        Though Silicon Valley values the ability to move fast, the rest of
        society has paid more attention to instances in which tech wants to
        break things. It is not surprising that hardcore contingents on both
        the left and the right have developed hostility to most everything that
        emerges from Silicon Valley.
        
        I see some positive aspects as to more inclusive definitions of autism
        and neurodivergence, but I hate that we're at the point where "trying
        to get rich at all costs" is now perceived as autistic (and let's be
        clear: using mobile gas turbines that get people sick to generate power
        for AI is not "autistic"). Greed is not autistic, but of course the
        ideology of SV is that nobody actually cares about money there. Why
        else would they have apartments without furniture and piles of pizza
        boxes. It must be the autism.
        
        > While critics of AI cite the spread of slop and rising power bills,
        AI’s architects are more focused on its potential to produce surging
        job losses. Anthropic chief Dario Amodei takes pains to point out that
        AI could push the unemployment rate to 20 percent by eviscerating
        white-collar work. I wonder whether this message is helping to endear
        his product to the public.
        
        The animating concern of developing AI since 2015 has basically been
        "MAD" applied to the technology. The Bostrom book mentioned later in
        this article was clearly instrumental in creating this language to
        think about AI, as you can see many tech CEOs began getting "concerned"
        about AI around this time, prior to many of the big developments in AI
        like transformers. One of the seminal emails of OpenAI between Musk and
        Altman talks about starting a "Manhattan Project for AI". This was a
        useful concept to graft the development of these companies onto:
        
        1. Firstly, it's a threat to investors. Get in on the ground floor or
        you will get left behind. We are building tomorrow's winners and losers
        and there are a lot of losers in the future.
        
        2. Secondly, it leads to a natural source of government support. This
        is a national security concern. Fund this, guarantee the success of
        this, or America will lose.
        
        On both counts, this framing seems to be working pretty well.
       
        kalkin wrote 17 hours 13 min ago:
        I have nonspecific positive associations with Dan Wang's name, so I
        rolled my eyes a bit but kept going when "If the Bay Area once had an
        impish side, it has gone the way of most hardware tinkerers and hippie
        communes" was followed up by "People aren’t reminiscing over some
        lost golden age..."
        
        But I stopped at this:
        
        > “AI will be either the best or the worst thing ever.” It’s a
        Pascal’s Wager
        
        That's not what Pascal's wager is! Apocalyptic religion dates back more
        than two thousand years and Blaise Pascal lived in the 17th century!
        When Rosa Luxemburg said to expect "socialism or barbarism", she was
        not doing a Pascal's Wager! Pascal's Wager doesn't just involve
        infinite stakes, but also infinitesimal probabilities!
        
        The phrase has become a thought-terminating cliche for the sort of
        person who wants to dismiss any claim that stakes around AI are very
        high, but has too many intellectual aspirations to just stop with
        "nothing ever happens." It's no wonder that the author finds it "hard
        to know what to make of" AI 2027 and  says that "why they put that year
        in their title remains beyond me."
        
        It's one thing to notice the commonalities between some AI doom
        discourse and apocalyptic religion. It's another to make this into such
        a thoughtless reflex that you also completely muddle your understanding
        of the Christian apologetics you're referencing. There's a sort of
        determined refusal to even grasp the arguments that an AI doomer might
        make, even while writing an extended meditation on AI, for which I've
        grown increasingly intolerant. It's 2026. Let's advance the discourse.
       
          dworks wrote 7 hours 19 min ago:
          It's a very Silicon Valley thing to drop things like Pascal's Wager,
          Jevon's paradox etc into your sentences to appear smart.
       
          anthuswilliams wrote 9 hours 11 min ago:
          I'm not sure I understand your complaint. Is it that he misuses the
          term Pascal's Wager? Or more generally that he doesn't extend enough
          credibility to the ideas in AI 2027?
       
            kalkin wrote 6 hours 38 min ago:
            More the former. Re the latter, it's not so much that I'm annoyed
            he doesn't agree with the AI2027 people, it's that (he spends a few
            paragraphs talking about them while) he doesn't appear to have
            bothered trying to even understand them.
       
            NooneAtAll3 wrote 8 hours 53 min ago:
            seems to be yes and yes
            
            Pascal's wager isn't about "all or nothing", it is about "small
            chance of infinite outcome" which makes narrow-minded strategizing
            wack
            
            and commenter is much more pro-ai2027 than article author (and I
            have no idea what it even is)
       
        siavosh wrote 17 hours 23 min ago:
        I read the whole post. Really revealing - so much analysis but not a
        single mention of a global system that is reaching a singularity in
        wealth concentration, and maybe how that might be an important
        dimension to reflect on. Its like using so many words to deeply analyze
        the speed differentials in a car race, but not looking up to see that
        all the drivers are racing towards a brick wall.
       
          Animats wrote 6 hours 49 min ago:
          US Per-capita real income tracked productivity growth until about
          1975. After that, productivity continued to climb, but per-capita
          real income did not. This is why life sucks worse than it used to for
          everybody but the top 10%.
          
          With AI coming along, productivity is about to get another boost.
          Maybe a big boost. But will most people benefit from it? Under
          capitalism as currently implemented, no.
          That's the meaning of Sam Altman's “I think that AI will probably,
          most likely, sort of lead to the end of the world. But in the
          meantime, there will be great companies created with serious machine
          learning.”
          
          Universal basic income is not the answer. That's welfare 2.0, leading
          to high-rises of useless people. Altman doesn't have the answer. Wang
          doesn't have the answer. They both see the problem coming but suggest
          no viable solutions.
          
          This is a problem.
          
  HTML    [1]: https://www.epi.org/productivity-pay-gap/
       
            siavosh wrote 6 hours 31 min ago:
            I agree. The center of capitalism may have shifted to China, but
            they'll have to deal with (are already) dealing with the same
            problems and it'll probably happen even faster for them.
            Instability in the system is only overshadowed by the growing
            instability in peoples lives. I think most people feel this and the
            discourse has fundamentally shifted in the west, but these are
            tectonic and unpredictable forces.
            
            A parting thought: from a geo-political perspective, I understand
            the purpose of essays like this but like I said I think its losing
            the forrest for the trees and at great risk.
       
          gen220 wrote 8 hours 29 min ago:
          Sometimes I wonder if our system evolved the discipline of economics
          as an incredibly expensive intellectual distraction to pacify the
          petit bourgeois.
          
          We can read Dan Wang and Tyler Cowen and whoever else to educate
          ourselves on the idea that {interests aligned with the further
          concentration of capital} are the real reason why we the people of
          the middle class can’t afford to buy a home, and actually you
          should be grateful you have antibiotics and shelf-stable, flavorless
          tomatoes and Instagram Reels. Your forebears were not so lucky!
       
            jdross wrote 7 hours 9 min ago:
            You can’t afford to buy a home because the current owners vote to
            restrict new housing through zoning and expensive regulation on
            construction permitting, so supply is limited in the places
            you’re trying to live (a higher income region?).
            
            The government also subsidized mortgages for the prior generation
            to increase asset values and now that time is up. Subsidized demand
            = inflation
            
            Finally, you likely want a bigger house than your parents had. And
            most people want it to be in the cooler area, not somewhere in Iowa
            where schools are great but restaurants and non-remote jobs are
            lacking
       
              Animats wrote 6 hours 38 min ago:
              > And most people want it to be in the cooler area, not somewhere
              in Iowa where schools are great but restaurants and non-remote
              jobs are lacking
              
              This is a fundamental problem. People in big cities are on
              average richer. That's not just a US thing. People in a Tier 1
              city in China have a substantially higher standard of living than
              people in lower tier cities. There is a very real hierarchy.[1]
              City tier is determined by size, not income, but income tracks
              size.
              
              This is the phenomenon that induces over-concentration. Go to the
              big city and make your fortune, or at least find enough scraps to
              keep you alive. That's why US homelessness is a rich city thing.
              
              Figuring out how to make mid-sized cities, at the 0.5M to 1M
              population level work, is something the US currently is not doing
              well. Those cities have housing, but not jobs.
              
  HTML        [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_city_tier_system
       
          Barrin92 wrote 8 hours 46 min ago:
          >but not a single mention of a global system that is reaching a
          singularity in wealth concentration
          
          that's not the case though and Dan is implicitly addressing this
          given that China is the subject of a decent chunk of the letter.
          Wealth in the global system is much more evenly distributed these
          days. We're much closer to a multi-polar world than we used to be in
          a long time. A lot of the emerging economies are building middle
          classes of serious size, it's a whole other world compared to 20 to
          30 years ago. The developed world's been mostly stable inequality
          wise, the only outlier being tech oligarchs in the US but that's
          hardly a defining feature of the global system.
          
          But globally we're likely living now in the first time in human
          history when the median human is going to see a drastic increase in
          their fortunes.
          
  HTML    [1]: https://ourworldindata.org/the-history-of-global-economic-in...
       
          ineedaj0b wrote 8 hours 52 min ago:
          those articles were written a plenty about the Davos Elite - even
          precovid. It’s a tad lazy now.
          
          Sure there was some evidence of wealth concentration mattering. But
          there was also evidence against it (like Jack Ma). Power is still the
          ring to kiss.
          
          And hopefully it’s very understood to the parent comment and
          agreers, wealth creation is not zero sum. When something new is
          created the pie gets bigger. All wealth inequality discourse is
          driven by that misunderstanding and a lack of building more homes [1]
          Maybe your brick wall is the singularity instead and I misread you
          but I don’t think so.
          
  HTML    [1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001429212...
       
          Uhhrrr wrote 13 hours 47 min ago:
          A wealth singularity is not obvious at all to me, perhaps you should
          write an essay about it.
       
        ceuk wrote 17 hours 35 min ago:
        As a Brit, I struggled to get much interesting out of this considering
        how many times he mentions "Europe" (in that condescendingly general
        way that only US folks seem to manage).
        
        He talks about "European" prospects and his trip to Denmark but then
        cites London as a representative example?
        
        This almost broke my brain it felt so incoherent.
        
        Never mind that (despite my personal wishes) we're not even part of the
        EU (which I assume is what he means by "Europe").  Surely he knows what
        an anomaly London is? It's not representative of anything except
        itself.
        
        Referencing the extreme wage dispersion and severe housing pressure of
        London in a rant about Europe in general is a completely pointless
        endeavour.
        
        He did say one thing I agree with. If you like good food, rich culture
        and great surroundings, "Europe" is indeed a lovely place to be for the
        most part.
        
        Maybe I'll just keep that as my takeaway. It's too early in the year
        for doom and gloom anyway
       
          dworks wrote 7 hours 22 min ago:
          >As a Brit, I struggled to get much interesting out of this
          
          As someone who didn't study China's tech sector, but spent more than
          a decade working in it, my view is similar on Dan Wang's writing on
          China.
       
          j7ake wrote 8 hours 43 min ago:
          I found it the right granularity. He talks about USA, China, and
          Europe: within each have considerable diversity in culture, history,
          and identity.
          
          He mentions Europe without more nuance for the same reason he
          mentions China without more nuance: he’s talking big picture.
       
          DiscourseFan wrote 12 hours 17 min ago:
          Since I’ve lived in the UK before, I will say that yes it is not
          the same as continental Europe, but culturally, socially, and
          economically it is deeply tied into Europe, is European. One could
          say the same thing about Ireland—except the majority of Ireland is
          in the EU. Does Europe stop at the border of Northern Ireland?
       
            hdgvhicv wrote 1 hour 42 min ago:
            Northern Ireland is quite different to Great Britain, moreso than
            the difference between England, Wales and Scotland.
       
          maxglute wrote 15 hours 56 min ago:
          He's a Canadian in America writing about China. He writes about bloc
          strategic competition. EU+UK is treated as bloc in this context,
          individual European countries are generally irrelevant alone.
       
          tshaddox wrote 16 hours 37 min ago:
          > Never mind that (despite my personal wishes) we're not even part of
          the EU (which I assume is what he means by "Europe").
          
          Nah, Americans aren’t particularly interested in which Europeans
          are offended by being identified as “Europeans” this week. If we
          say “Europe” without qualification we’re probably just talking
          about the continent. (And no, we don’t even use the word
          “continent” as a distinction within Europe, except when referring
          to hotel breakfasts.)
          
          Americans don’t really have much of a concept of what European
          identity is, and we don’t really care (other than being grateful
          for a few decades of relative peace after 1,000 or so years of near
          constant war).
       
            ceuk wrote 13 hours 14 min ago:
            > Americans don’t really have much of a concept of what European
            identity is, and we don’t really care
            
            Cool. Look, I made that comment with a lot of fondness, but if this
            is the case, maybe leave the European analysis to someone else..
       
              senordevnyc wrote 12 hours 4 min ago:
              Yeah, it was dripping with fondness.
       
                ceuk wrote 4 hours 42 min ago:
                It was really poorly written in hindsight. I didn't mean for it
                to come across as bitter/accusatory as it does and you don't
                deserve to read people talking random jabs at you when browsing
                HN comments, I'm sorry
       
          kubb wrote 16 hours 47 min ago:
          He’s a Chinese guy in the US. He thinks in terms of large
          monoliths. The nuance of 40 different cultures on a small continent
          might be lost on him.
          
          That’s OK.
          
          We all have some approximation of reality in our brains which is
          necessarily shaped by our life experiences.
       
            ViktorRay wrote 15 hours 25 min ago:
            Your statement here is pretty ironic.
            
            China also has many different cultures, languages and so on for the
            over 1.4 billion people who live there. Why would the “nuance”
            of Europe be “lost” on a Chinese person?
       
              NooneAtAll3 wrote 9 hours 44 min ago:
              double ironically, your comment precisely answers your question
              
              the two of you operate on different scale of unification - what
              you see as "many different cultures", chinese and americans see
              as "a single country". What they see as "Europe pulling in many
              directions" - you might see as independent national interests
              
              perhaps the best way to recognize the attitude is to think what
              you feel about subsections of your country - while
              Scotland/England divide is common, it's rarer to hear in what
              Yorkshire differs from the Cornwall; and I bet not many people
              would guess what beef is there between french citizen from
              Normandy and from Nice
              
              it is this kind of scale that allows China to build transmission
              lines through the whole country's diameter. It is that kind of
              scale that made americans scream at each other because of
              abortion high court decision - while said decision simply said
              "let states decide"
              
              it's a lot of difference, and there's a lot of nuances "on both
              sides" - but simply of a different kind
       
              seanmcdirmid wrote 15 hours 18 min ago:
              China mostly has a single national identity, and provincial
              differences are way too nuanced to be mapped in the same way that
              country differences in Europe would be. It would be like trying
              to get Americans to understand that "Henan man" is a meme similar
              to the "Florida man" meme.
       
                canjobear wrote 6 hours 27 min ago:
                I thought it was Guangxi man...
       
                  seanmcdirmid wrote 3 hours 57 min ago:
                  No, guangxi isn’t even technically a province (another
                  weirdness), but having been to guangxi a few times (Guilin,
                  Liuzhou, and Nanning), I don’t think anyone thinks much of
                  it beyond it’s beautiful karst and southern culture.
                  Anyways, there is actually a wiki article on henan:
                  
  HTML            [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Henan_sentiment
       
            tshaddox wrote 16 hours 34 min ago:
            > The nuance of 40 different cultures on a small continent might be
            lost on him.
            
            I don’t know about the author in particular, but Americans are
            generally aware of the “nuanced” European history of near
            constant war between rival nations, states, factions, and
            religions.
       
              kubb wrote 16 hours 28 min ago:
              I think they could do a better job communicating that, but I’m
              glad that Americans are educated and curious about other parts of
              the world.
       
            kankerlijer wrote 16 hours 40 min ago:
            There is something very irritating seeing someone dismiss someone
            else on the internet using condescending therapy speak 'Thats Ok',
            nevermind the fact that calling him out as some ignorant Chinese
            guy while China has hundreds of cultures and languages, as if  a
            Chinese person couldn't comprehend... Europe.
       
              hahaxdxd123 wrote 5 hours 38 min ago:
              It's a European guy coping on HN.
              
              That's OK.
              
              They have no idea my sub-region of California produces the entire
              GDP of their country.
       
              booleandilemma wrote 5 hours 46 min ago:
              Europe and China are quite different, historically and
              culturally. It would make sense that people from the two regions
              wouldn't know about each other. The world is full of detail. As
              someone who's lived in both the west and asia I'm still surprised
              by little differences I see every week.
       
              kubb wrote 16 hours 31 min ago:
              The way to respect isn’t through shaming people into it. It’s
              through demonstration of value, in this case understanding of
              nuance.
              
              Instead we get an application of external logic and values which
              can’t be used to properly reason about the entity they’re
              applied to.
              
              There’s no need for frustration. We take the stoic approach
              here. It’s OK. You are a product of your environment.
              Everything you’ve ever experienced told you this is the way to
              act.
       
                dalyons wrote 9 hours 40 min ago:
                FWIW this comes across as very condescending to me too. Maybe
                try a different framing.
       
                  kubb wrote 2 hours 36 min ago:
                  Interestingly, you’re  demonstrating arrogance.
                  
                  All you’re bringing to the discussion is “my feelings are
                  hurt”. And you’re putting the onus to fix that on me.
                  
                  You have the power to change your paradigm, but you refuse
                  to. Others have to see things through your lens, you won’t
                  have the flexibility to change yours for a moment.
                  
                  Meanwhile I’ve started with a plausible explanation of why
                  someone sees things differently.
                  
                  From the get go, I had more willingness to understand than
                  you did.
                  
                  How’s that for a framing?
       
          npalli wrote 16 hours 58 min ago:
          Just like San Francisco and Dallas/Texas (from his article) are very
          different in the US, we should expect lot of differences in Europe
          (as others mentioned, he clubs UK with EU). Housing is a general
          problem for all major cities though, not sure why you think it is
          unique to London in the whole continent. Stockholm, Paris, Dublin,
          Lisbon to name a few, are pretty bad for housing in their own unique
          ways. Certainly shouldn't be "breaking your brain".
       
            verbify wrote 16 hours 27 min ago:
            > Just like San Francisco and Dallas/Texas (from his article) are
            very different in the US, we should expect lot of differences in
            Europe
            
            Dallas and San Francisco are both English speaking cities with a
            shared recent history of being part of the same nation. Most cities
            in Europe are as close as New York and Mexico City - Dallas and San
            Francisco is probably more analogous to Milan and Naples (different
            cultures, different histories, but now speak the same language and
            are part of the same nation).
       
          BrokenCogs wrote 17 hours 23 min ago:
          It's pretty clear he meant Europe as the continent, which London is a
          part of.
          
          It's very similar to "Europeans" broadly generalizing the US as one
          homogenous country, assuming everyone and everything in Chicago is
          the same as New York or Dallas.
          
          Source: me, a brit, who has lived and worked in UK and US.
       
          xixixao wrote 17 hours 24 min ago:
          He’s writing about China and US. Sure, you can call Europe more
          diverse, but still it makes sense to draw some generalizations, and I
          don’t think he’s far from the mark (having myself lived in EU, UK
          and US).
       
          yunnpp wrote 17 hours 30 min ago:
          "Africa"
       
        ksec wrote 17 hours 55 min ago:
        In the thread "Roomba maker goes bankrupt, Chinese owner emerges" [1],
        I wrote about China'a hardware capability now going far beyond what US
        can imagine. In Dan's article;
        
        >A rule of thumb is that it takes five years from an American, German,
        or Japanese automaker to dream up a new car design and launch that
        model on the roads; in China, it’s closer to 18 months.
        
        Not only is China 3 - 5 times faster in terms of product launches, they
        would have launch it with a production scale that is at least double
        the output of other auto marker. If you were to put capacity into the
        equation as well, China is an order of magnitude faster than any
        competing countries, at half the cost if not even lower.
        
        Every single year since 2022 China has added more solar power capacity
        than the entire US solar capacity. And they are still accelerating,
        with the current roadmap and trend they could install double the entire
        US solar power capacity in a single year by 2030.
        
        CATL's Sodium Ion Battery is already in production and will be used by
        EVs and large scale energy storage by end of this year. The cost
        advantage of these new EV would mean there is partially zero chance EU
        can compete. And if EU are moaning about it now, they cant even imagine
        what is coming.
        
        Thanks to AI pushing up memory and NAND price. YMTC and CXMT now have
        enough breathing room to catch up. If they play this right, I wont be
        surprised by 2035 30 - 40% of DRAM and NAND will be made by the two
        Chinese firms. Although judging from their past execution record I
        highly doubt this will happen, but expect may be 10-15% maximum.
        
        Beyond tech, there are also other part of manufacturing that China has
        matched or exceeded rest of the world without being noticed by many.
        Lab Grown Diamond, Cosmetic Production, Agricultural Machinery,
        Reinforced glass etc. Their 10 years plan on agricultural improvement
        also come to fruition especially in terms of fruit and veg. I wont be
        surprised if they no long need US soy bean within 10 years time.
        
        All in all a lot of things in China has passed escape velocity and
        there is no turning back. China understand US better than US understand
        themselves, and US doesn't even have any idea about China. I think the
        quote from the article sums this up pretty well.
        
        "Beijing has been preparing for Cold War without eagerness for waging
        it, while the US wants to wage a Cold War without preparing for it.".
        
  HTML  [1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46273326
       
          dworks wrote 7 hours 27 min ago:
          Whenever the topic of "China Speed" comes up, I feel the need to add
          that speed is not a strategy but an outcome of the previous four
          decades of relentless hard work:
          
  HTML    [1]: https://dilemmaworks.com/on-china-speed
       
            mns wrote 2 hours 26 min ago:
            Relentless work, or simply not caring about the people that you
            need to crunch in order to achieve the outcomes that you want. The
            western world could also build things fast again and innovate
            faster, we just seem to value human life a bit more now that we
            used to...
       
            jjcc wrote 7 hours 20 min ago:
            That's a very important point that most people missed. China spent
            decades to achieve the current status. Especially the investment in
            education, i.e. Human Resource, the most effective ROI but need
            very long term commitment.
            
            Western countries should do the same and do it continuously without
            consider the economic reward.
       
              dworks wrote 7 hours 10 min ago:
              Indeed. What we need to do in Europe is spend the next three
              decades building the industrial, social, technological
              environment that gives China the advantages it has today, and
              enables "China Speed". I am worried that we will not do it until
              after we have gone through a deep crisis, however.
       
          riku_iki wrote 13 hours 39 min ago:
          that's obvious that some country with 1.5B working people will have
          edge in some niches, and will demonstrate tremendous growth from the
          bottom where they were 20 years ago.
          
          But for global picture, if we are comparing Western World:
          US+Canada+EU vs China in technological domination, the picture is
          likely not super-clear and more complex analysis is required. Even if
          we consider manufacturing output, where China is supposedly global
          leader, we see it is 5.5T for Western world vs 4.6T for China
          (according to my brief google searching).
       
            ksec wrote 6 hours 54 min ago:
            >we see it is 5.5T for Western world vs 4.6T for China (according
            to my brief google searching).
            
            I would bet the unit volume of manufacturing with those 4.6T is
            more than double that of 5.5T. And those 5.5T likely have some very
            high value, high margin leading edge equipment.
            
            Not only is China catching up to those sectors, they are continuing
            their momentum to accelerate and expand in other low value market.
            They key here isn't to maximise profits, it is to maximise control.
            
            If Trade is war, which is the fundamental of principle of what "Art
            of War" is about, then I dont see how the west could win this war
            without some very drastic changes.
       
              riku_iki wrote 6 hours 34 min ago:
              > I would bet the unit volume of manufacturing with those 4.6T is
              more than double that of 5.5T. And those 5.5T likely have some
              very high value, high margin leading edge equipment.
              
              sure, and what's your point? My opinion is that high margin
              leading edge equipment is more interesting direction than low
              cost low tech produce.
       
                immibis wrote 2 hours 0 min ago:
                They keep increasing and increasing the level of what they can
                produce. Within a couple of decades they will overtake TSMC,
                ASML, etc. If you're thinking about how the west still does all
                the design, they will produce their own computer architectures
                (Loongarch is outpacing RISC-V) and chips and operating
                systems. IIRC they're now able to make their own chips and
                chip-making equipment at a decade-old technology level and
                that's rapidly catching up.
       
          nradov wrote 17 hours 47 min ago:
          China doesn't particularly need US soybeans but they're going to have
          to continue importing soybeans from somewhere (like Brazil or Canada)
          indefinitely. Like any commodity, soybeans are (somewhat) fungible.
          China doesn't have the right combination of arable land and cheap
          fertilizer necessary to be self-sufficient in soy at an economically
          viable cost. Of course, China's population is now declining so
          ironically that could increase their food security in a few decades.
       
            maxglute wrote 15 hours 17 min ago:
            Along ops reasoning, PRC will find domestic slop to feed pigs.
            There's already soybean replacement program in the pipelines, i.e.
            synthetic science + cheap power = future industrial substitutes.
            Because soybean conundrum is arable land (all sorts of soybean
            yield, lack of GMO, small plot farmer complexity mixed in), but
            pork prices fall under broad food (national) security so expect
            autarky > comparative advantage / cost when domestic pipeline in
            place. Like there's no reason for PRC to pay US soybean premium
            over Brazil, but they would because economic viability not as
            important.
            
            TBH Anything strategic, expect PRC to adopt energy-to-matter to
            substitutes when the teach stack is figured out. Or at least have
            as less economic backup, i.e. PRC has unlimited cheap fertilizer
            (was top fertilizer producer via coal gasification) just more
            emission heavy. They're on way to displace all oil imports with
            coal to olefin/liquidation and EV. HQ steel via simply hammering
            energy into mid ores. All signs point they're moving towards
            strategic domestic abundance / autarky where they can.
       
        dzonga wrote 18 hours 9 min ago:
        London has the house prices of California and the income levels of
        Mississippi.
        
        the UK is seriously broken, I always reflect on the energy generation
        statistics of the UK per capita
        
        while in the US you see automated car washes, in the uk most car washes
        are Albanians n other immigrants etc
       
          Nextgrid wrote 5 hours 41 min ago:
          The UK is a third-world country with first-world cost of living.
       
          i_love_retros wrote 13 hours 10 min ago:
          Yes but London isn't in America so there's that.
          
          Have you lived in the UK at all, or at least spent considerable time
          there?
          
          I've lived in the UK and America, and America seems far more broken
          to me.
       
            zeroonetwothree wrote 9 hours 35 min ago:
            I’ve lived in an actual “broken” country. Compared to that
            both the US and UK are great.
       
          pron wrote 13 hours 18 min ago:
          London doesn't have the income level of Mississippi, although that
          might be true for the UK average. I'd say that the UK may be
          "seriously broken", but not more so than other post-industrial
          countries, including the US (or France, or Japan). It's just broken
          in different ways. E.g. life expectancy in the UK is significantly
          higher than in America even though they were the same in the '80s.
          Education levels (and measures such as literacy profficiency and
          skills etc.) are also significantly better in the UK than in the US.
          Somewhat tongue in cheek, Americans are richer but they don't seem to
          be putting their money to good use, as Brits are better educated and
          live longer.
       
          jemmyw wrote 14 hours 6 min ago:
          > while in the US you see automated car washes, in the uk most car
          washes are Albanians n other immigrants etc
          
          Er what? I moved away from the UK in 2007 but even then the only
          place I or my parents washed a car was the ubiquitous petrol station
          automated car wash.
       
            hereonout2 wrote 12 hours 51 min ago:
            Is it that unimaginable things might have changed in the almost two
            decades since you left?
       
              jemmyw wrote 11 hours 26 min ago:
              Yes, it is unimaginable that the UK has replaced most of their
              automated car washes with immigrants washing cars manually. I've
              been back there and I've still family there, it's not that
              different "on the ground" as it were, despite the big political
              changes.
       
              whyleyc wrote 12 hours 12 min ago:
              I live in the UK now, have done for 40+ years and there are
              (still) automated car washes everywhere.
       
            basisword wrote 13 hours 4 min ago:
            No idea where OP is based but like most suggestions about the UK or
            London online it's bullshit. Most petrol stations have the same
            automated car washes they've always had. If you want your car hand
            washed there are lots of people doing that too, as there always
            have been. Like all places, the UK and/or London has plenty of
            issues including serious ones - but I'd still pick it over anywhere
            in the US regardless of salary differences.
       
              hereonout2 wrote 12 hours 52 min ago:
              Conversely, I've no idea where you or the parent has the idea
              that the UK is full of automated car washes and the OP is talking
              bullshit. I live in London and can think of a only a handful of
              the old fashioned automatic car washes.
              
              Whereas I can get a hand carwash at pretty much any supermarket
              car park I land on. From a guy with a bucket and trolley to a
              full team of four going at it with a power wash. Tesco,
              Sainsbury's, wherever.
              
              The Albanian angle feels loaded, but it's true that many of the
              employees do seem to be recent immigrants.
              
              I don't see much point denying this reality, it feels a bit like
              trying to argue there's always been high streets full of betting
              shops, charity shops, vape stores and American candy shops.
       
                hdgvhicv wrote 2 hours 4 min ago:
                London is a small part of the U.K. with a below average number
                of cars. It’s an anomaly compared to the 85% of the U.K.
                which is normal.
       
                basisword wrote 12 hours 9 min ago:
                London is an odd one as space is limited and the hand wash
                places can pop up anywhere quite easily. If I look at the more
                suburban place I'm from most petrol stations still have the
                automated ones (contactless payment now instead of the tokens).
                And most of the larger supermarkets there that have petrol
                stations still have the automated car washes too.
       
            drcongo wrote 13 hours 53 min ago:
            I can only think of one automated wash in my UK town, and well over
            10 "Albanian" hand washes. Personally I go to the Albanians every
            time - they take pride in what they're doing, handle the vehicle
            with care and do a far, far better job than an auto wash.
       
          verbify wrote 16 hours 11 min ago:
          I spot checked some of this and from what I can find, the median
          salary in London is about $12k more than Mississippi, and the median
          house price in London is about $100k less than California.
          
          Bear in mind that obviously the mean salary in London is going to be
          far higher than the median (the finance industry will skew it), while
          I'm not sure that's as extreme as Mississippi. Additionally median
          salaries reflect a lot of service jobs and similar labour. Dubai has
          a lower median wage than either London or Mississippi, but people
          don't think of it as economically broken.
          
          Comparing California (an extremely large state that I presume has
          cheaper housing outside major urban areas) to a city seems a bit of a
          poor comparison.
          
          I don't disagree that the UK has high energy costs.
       
            SamDc73 wrote 7 hours 52 min ago:
            > Dubai has a lower median wage than either London or Mississippi,
            but people don't think of it as economically broken.
            
            Dubai isn’t sold as a place to belong long-term. Most people move
            there knowing it’s temporary. 
            The Bay Area is drifting in the same direction too with the
            increased cost of living around here. (but the same could be said
            about most big cities, maybe?)
       
            financetechbro wrote 13 hours 29 min ago:
            Dubai is absolutely economically broken lol. The city was built on
            cheap foreign slave labor. And the luxurious amenities of the city
            are only for the wealthy royal and foreigners. Their main export
            besides oil is the illusion of a thriving metropolis
       
              Cyph0n wrote 13 hours 4 min ago:
              The example I like to use to demonstrate how broken labor vs.
              service costs are in the UAE is to compare the price of a Big Mac
              meal to the price of a standard manual car wash (closer to
              detailing tbh).
              
              In the UAE, a Big Mac meal costs approximately 35 AED ($10). On
              the other hand, a manual car wash - approx. 1-2 hours of labor -
              can cost you around 20 AED.
              
              In other words, you could get almost two manual car washes for
              the price of a Big Mac.
       
                ineedaj0b wrote 8 hours 47 min ago:
                You can probably get that here in the US near a high school
                during team sports donation times.
                
                Not a great car wash but probably $5-10 on the low end.
                
                One should be uncomfortable the Arab States are doing so well.
                They have no democracy but seem to be thriving. Not expected
                post 9/11 imo.
       
                  Cyph0n wrote 7 hours 21 min ago:
                  Why should one feel uncomfortable?
       
                robkop wrote 11 hours 19 min ago:
                Can you elaborate? I would have thought the main driver for the
                price of a service is the labor?
       
                  Cyph0n wrote 10 hours 23 min ago:
                  You essentially have two stratums of society:
                  
                  (1) the middle class (and above) who have money to spend on
                  services
                  
                  (2) the migrant working class, the bulk of whom send every
                  last extra penny back home as remittances to support family
                  
                  The second class of people are not considered as a market for
                  the majority of services in the UAE. In the case of food,
                  when they do eat out, they frequent traditional, low
                  cost/quality establishments.
                  
                  As for why a Big Mac costs that much, labor definitely
                  doesn’t have much to do with it. My impression is that
                  prices continued to get pushed up as long as sales didn’t
                  take a hit, which means it’s mostly pure profit.
                  
                  Keep in mind that the median salary isn’t that high.
                  Without looking it up, I would guess it’s approx $25k
                  USD/year, but I haven’t lived there in a while.
       
            kortilla wrote 13 hours 51 min ago:
            If this was meant to be a rebuttal, it wasn’t.
            
            Compare the housing costs of London to the housing costs of San
            Francisco and then swap out those Bay Area salaries with your
            “slightly above Mississippi” wages and you’ll see why London
            looks so broken to people used to LA/SF/NY.
       
            lukevp wrote 14 hours 34 min ago:
            If you’re trying to do a rebuttal, saying that wages are slightly
            higher than Mississippi and house prices are slightly lower than
            Cali doesn’t refute anything, it just serves to make the example
            more extreme and concrete. Look at house prices in Mississippi in
            relation to their income and then compare the same ratio for Cali
            and for London.
       
              piker wrote 14 hours 7 min ago:
              Also, taxes?
       
                butvacuum wrote 6 hours 10 min ago:
                tax numbers are irrelevant except as part of a takehome pay
                calculation.
                
                at the very least, pretending that health insurance isnt
                another tax is a common way to derail these discussions.
       
                  piker wrote 3 hours 17 min ago:
                  That’s right if the quote is net of income tax, but that
                  wasn’t clear. While we’re on the subject we should
                  include the 20% VAT (delta 5-10% sales tax in the states)
                  which is the most regressive tax on the poor there is.
       
                    hdgvhicv wrote 2 hours 10 min ago:
                    No vat on the majority of spending - from rent to food.
                    
                    But buy a £50k Rolex and yes there is vat.
       
                      piker wrote 2 hours 5 min ago:
                      Roughly the same with sales tax, it's just 1/3rd of that
                      number.
                      
                      > But buy a £50k Rolex and yes there is vat.
                      
                      This is wildly ignorant of how less fortunate people
                      live. They are hit with VAT on many daily expenses.
                      Ignoring that fact and "tsk tsk"ing them for being
                      frivolous is the [British] way.
       
                        pixelpoet wrote 1 hour 26 min ago:
                        > the European way
                        
                        There we go, the European monolith strikes again.
                        Because the UK and Germany and Spain and Italy and
                        Poland and Finland and and and are just so alike.
       
                          piker wrote 1 hour 20 min ago:
                          For purposes of this discussion, I believe VAT is
                          roughly uniform across the EU + UK and some other
                          European jurisdictions. Correct me if I'm wrong, but
                          I did update the comment to limit the critique to the
                          UK.
       
          kubb wrote 16 hours 38 min ago:
          Nobody will admit that the housing is overpriced, so they would have
          to be forced to do so.
          
          This is terrible for normal people, and slightly bad for the
          investors, but only a crisis or organized government action can reset
          the damage done by decades of investment in already existing
          buildings.
          
          The former is much more likely to happen.
       
          xixixao wrote 17 hours 20 min ago:
          There are differences, but this is oversimplified, and market is
          “mostly” working. You need more money in California, for
          transportation, for health care. The standard is bigger houses
          (bigger everything) in Cali. Life might be richer, in some ways more
          pleasant, in London (it’s not weather though), including shorter
          flights to many interesting places.
          
          From my experience the ratio of savings was similar, but the ppp of
          course favored US for absolute numbers.
       
          bix6 wrote 17 hours 59 min ago:
          House prices are out of wack anywhere desirable because the local
          income is irrelevant when non-locals are allowed to scoop up the
          local supply.
       
            socalgal2 wrote 13 hours 49 min ago:
            This is a common opinion that never actually matches the facts.
            
            The issue is all the things blocking supply. As long as supply is
            blocked, prices will go up, Period
       
              amelius wrote 12 hours 36 min ago:
              But why allow e.g. Chinese investors to buy property in SF if
              they aren't even going to live there?
       
                socalgal2 wrote 10 hours 21 min ago:
                1. It's only an investment because of limited supply.
                
                2. Chinese investors buying up and not living there is
                effectively a myth. There just are aren't very many of them.
                
                3. What's special about "Chinese"? If a rich NYC finance person
                buys a vacation home in SF is that ok? How about a Brit or
                German?
       
                cycrutchfield wrote 12 hours 17 min ago:
                Do they pay property taxes?
       
                  fragmede wrote 11 hours 11 min ago:
                  In California? With prop 13? Hardly.
                  
                  We invented money as a way of distributing scares resources.
                  When there is housing going empty while people live on the
                  streets in tents with no running water, no electricity, no
                  sewage, one has to realize that something's gone wrong.
       
                    cycrutchfield wrote 1 hour 5 min ago:
                    I don’t think you understand how prop 13 works
       
                  amelius wrote 12 hours 13 min ago:
                  Maybe but that will certainly not bring down prices for the
                  average US citizen looking for a home.
       
                    cycrutchfield wrote 1 hour 5 min ago:
                    Why not?
       
            carlosjobim wrote 15 hours 27 min ago:
            Real estate prices are out of whack everywhere. Even in places with
            no good jobs, low population density, and rapid depopulation, real
            estate prices are increasing exponentially. There are no market
            forces in play anymore.
       
              hdgvhicv wrote 2 hours 6 min ago:
              House prices in the U.K. have remained roughly the same multiple
              of wages as they have been since about 2005. That’s not really
              exponential growth.
       
            shimman wrote 17 hours 27 min ago:
            House prices are only "out of wack" in areas with poor social
            housing programs.
            
            Housing in Vienna is still affordable, only due to their very
            successful public housing programs. Public housing can be both
            beautiful and highly affordable if you want it to be, it's not like
            we don't know how to make good quality homes with lovely public
            amenities. It's mostly developers that want to skim on everything
            while selling it at the highest cost possible.
            
            Poor system if this is the outcome: unaffordability.
       
              hdgvhicv wrote 2 hours 7 min ago:
              How does Vienna ration housing - social or otherwise - if not via
              price?
       
              lifeisstillgood wrote 14 hours 9 min ago:
              I am interested in what is working in Vienna when “housing
              problem” is what almost every city in “the West” has or
              thinks it has.
              
              To me it seems to be a combination of
              
              - wealth inequality (eg 20/30 trillion dollars was printed and
              furloughed out in Covid, which funnels its way up to the holders
              of the most assets, seeing asset price inflation but no attempt
              to tax back the money printed). Repeat on different scales for
              unfair tax systems and poor infrastructure and and and
              
              - urban planning (we think the ideal city is dense using seven
              storey or so apartment buildings and fairly aggressive anti-car
              (ie far less parking than seems possible) with better public
              transport and lots of pedestrian access. This describes almost no
              cities
              
              - mortgages and other pro house incentives. You want house price
              inflation for decade after decade, just allow people to borrow a
              greater ratio against their salary — and allow married women
              into the workplace. Suddenly turning a mortgage limit of 2.5 x a
              man’s salary into 5x a dual couples salary.  People bid up
              prices, forcing more couples to have two salaries to compete. And
              companies don’t have to increase salary to compensate …
              people combine salaries and go deeper into debt.  Hell if you
              only had one policy weapon, forcing 2.5 borrowing against one
              highest paid persons salary is not a bad one. You won’t get
              re-elected however.
       
            yunnpp wrote 17 hours 51 min ago:
            Countries like Indonesia have banned foreigners from owning land
            altogether. You can apparently still own property through
            land-lease agreements and other arrangements, but not the land. I
            think they've cracked down on illegal rentals too.
       
          klysm wrote 18 hours 8 min ago:
          Income and wealth inequality! I don’t see a way out for the UK
       
            turbonaut wrote 17 hours 55 min ago:
            Median wealth per adult in the UK is 176k. In the US it is only
            124k.
            
            Source: UBS Global Wealth Report 2025
            
            Of course US does has a much higher mean wealth…
       
              hdgvhicv wrote 2 hours 3 min ago:
              The wealth inequality in the U.K. is very genratioanly skewed,
              mainly from the source of that wealth (housing and final salary
              pensions) which is no longer available to younger people.
       
        stackbutterflow wrote 18 hours 23 min ago:
        > Narrowness of mind is something that makes me uneasy about the tech
        world.
        
        > The Bay Area has all sorts of autistic tendencies. Though Silicon
        Valley values the ability to move fast, the rest of society has paid
        more attention to instances in which tech wants to break things.
        
        > There’s a general lack of cultural awareness in the Bay Area.
        It’s easy to hear at these parties that a person’s favorite
        nonfiction book is Seeing Like a State while their aspirationally
        favorite novel is Middlemarch.
        
        It's refreshing to read someone addressing this aspect of the Mecca of
        the tech word.
        
        For the reasons above the tech elites are the ones I trust the less and
        fear the most when they are involved in national and international
        politics. And I think the current state of the US is directly caused by
        the rise of post dot com Silicon Valley.
       
        Anton_Ingachev wrote 18 hours 23 min ago:
        Happy New year
       
        mxschumacher wrote 18 hours 31 min ago:
        My copy of Breakneck arrived a few days ago and I'm rushing through the
        book, hard to put down, highly recommended
       
        nullorempty wrote 18 hours 31 min ago:
        >Lack of action due to the expectation of long timelines is one of the
        sins of the lawyerly society.
        
        >But American problems seem more fixable to me than Chinese problems.
        
        China has stayed on trajectory of improving life of its society for a
        long time. USA has been in decline all that time and decent accelerated
        after Cold War with Russia ended.
        
        All of China's growth comes from its internal resource. Growth in the
        USA had been driven by exploiting other countries.
        
        >I made clear in my book that I am drawn to pluralism as well as a
        broader conception of human flourishing than one that could be
        delivered by the Communist Party.
        
        Pluralism had been eradicated in the western society. I can't speak
        freely in Canada. People get cancelled or jailed for speaking their
        mind in UK. US is not too far behind in that.
        
        There is no meaningful pluralism in the West. They never make a long
        term plan they can follow for many years.
        
        China has monolithic ( more so ) society with shared culture,
        language(s) and national identity that runs deep to the gene level.
        They don't don't allow foreign influence to erode it. It's much easier
        to make progress when people share the same long term vision and goals.
        
        CPC is doing just fine leading the country into the future. Sure, it
        has a monopoly on power, but it also owns its mistakes and fixes them.
        Multiparty systems of the USA and the rest of the West are just two
        curtains on the stage, and when you draw the curtains you see the same
        people attending the same party.
        
        Elected officials aim to earn as much as they can in their short stay
        in power. After all, they only have a few years before they get
        replaced, better make use of the short time you got.
        
        China IMO has a much brighter outlook for the future
       
          nradov wrote 17 hours 32 min ago:
          China has very limited internal natural resources. Much of their
          growth has been enabled by massive imports of raw materials including
          soybeans, fertilizer, fossil fuels, iron ore, copper ore, etc. Their
          prosperity and even their survival is heavily dependent on the
          post-WWII global free trade system. Ironically, China's expansionist
          foreign policy is one of several factors now causing that system to
          fray. In another decade they might find it's not so easy to import
          soybeans from Brazil and crude oil from Saudi Arabia and ores from
          Australia.
          
          I share your concerns over effective loss of freedom of expression in
          western countries. In the USA at least cancel culture seems to be
          dying out and people no longer feel as obligated to be politically
          correct or self-censor. But the UK may be permanently lost.
       
            NooneAtAll3 wrote 8 hours 35 min ago:
            > China has very limited internal natural resources.
            
            this kinda ignores the whole "Asia unification" that is happening
            right about now
            
            Russia created connection from Iran to North Korea. SCO coordinates
            economy of the internalities. India-Russia-China are cooperating in
            BRICS. China stabilized Afghanistan and builds trade routes in the
            Pakistan. Even US' efforts of supporting Turkey-centered Pan-Turk
            organizations in the Middle Asia turn un-american as Israel-Turkey
            tensions are on the rise
            
            China may have resources limited. Whole Asia tho? Don't really
            think so
       
            MangoToupe wrote 10 hours 54 min ago:
            > In the USA at least cancel culture seems to be dying out and
            people no longer feel as obligated to be politically correct or
            self-censor
            
            Americans have always been assholes and proud pedophiles. What are
            you referring to?
       
            nullorempty wrote 17 hours 27 min ago:
            They have that which matters the most - people with certain set of
            beliefs. That's the wealth of China, which they share generously
            with the West - just look at the Chinese developers and scientists
            that work in the West.
       
              dpark wrote 10 hours 7 min ago:
              Are you quoting straight out of a CCP propaganda book?
              
              America supposedly has no resources so we are exploiting other
              countries. Someone says China has no resources and suddenly the
              only resource that matters is the spirit of the Chinese people.
              Give me a break.
       
          dpark wrote 18 hours 3 min ago:
          > USA has been in decline all that time and decent accelerated after
          Cold War with Russia ended.
          
          Exactly when do you believe this decline started? I have some major
          concerns about the current trajectory of the USA, but it seems like
          nonsense to say that the US has been in decline since well before the
          Cold War ended.
          
          > I can't speak freely in Canada
          
          I wonder what it is that you want to say but can’t.
          
          Comparing China positively against western nations and then griping
          about limits on freedom of speech in western nations seems suspect
          regardless.
          
          > Elected officials aim to earn as much as they can in their short
          stay in power.
          
          That’s true. Unelected officials can stay in power and accrue
          wealth for much longer than elected officials.
       
            nullorempty wrote 17 hours 48 min ago:
            > Exactly when do you believe this decline started?
            with 'perestroyka' in the USSR which predates end of the cold war -
            ever since they thought they won over communist/socialist ideas and
            accelerated with the breakup of the USSR
            
            >I wonder what it is that you want to say but can’t.
            
            Nice try, this won't provoke me.
            
            >That’s true. Unelected officials can stay in power and accrue
            wealth for much longer than elected officials.
            
            Sure, sure. The systems are setup differently but you are using the
            same logic for both coming from the assumption that power is used
            to acquire personal wealth.
            
            For some (many) power isn't about acquisition of wealth but about
            responsibility, taking care of a hard chore. It's a mistake to
            think that Xi is in power for wealth.
            
            I often draw a parallel with being a father. You have some power,
            but mostly you have responsibilities.
       
              dpark wrote 17 hours 13 min ago:
              > ever since they thought they won over communist/socialist
              ideas, i.e. with the breakup of the USSR
              
              You seem to have redefined the timeframe significantly.
              Previously you indicated that the decline was happening even
              before the end of the Cold War.
              
              I don’t believe that this is a true statement even since the
              fall of the USSR, though. I’d be interested in what data or
              metrics this claim of decline is based on.
              
              > Nice try, this won't provoke me.
              
              You’re so unprovoked that you didn’t even address the
              concern. You could have pointed at what you believed was
              problematic suppression of free speech (of which there are
              certainly some examples in western nations) without actually
              divulging your apparently controversial beliefs.
              
              Bluntly, I believe your criticism here is dishonest. Pearl
              clutching about apparent suppression of free speech in the west
              while pointing to a nation that sends ethnic Muslim minorities to
              reeducation camps as a better system is deeply disingenuous.
              
              > It's a mistake to think that Xi is in power for wealth.
              
              > I often draw a parallel with being a father. You have some
              power, but mostly you have responsibilities.
              
              This is a man who refused the traditional transfer of power
              within the CCP and had the Chinese constitution revised so that
              he could remain in power. This is absolutely a man who wants
              power and wealth.
              
              You’re plainly biased.
       
        paulpauper wrote 18 hours 37 min ago:
        This is such a long letter it would take me probably 3 months to write
        it. I would have to end my year by September and spend the rest of the
        year writing the letter.
       
        scubbo wrote 18 hours 40 min ago:
        A fascinating and eye-opening read.
        
        One of my intentions for this coming year is to critically examine and
        (if appropriate) alter or dispel some preconceptions I have. To that
        end, I'm curious about this part:
        
        > You don’t have to convince the elites or the populace that growth
        is good or that entrepreneurs could be celebrated. Meanwhile in Europe,
        perhaps 15 percent of the electorate actively believes in degrowth. I
        feel it’s impossible to convince Europeans to act in their self
        interest.
        
        Can someone elaborate on how growth is aligned with the general
        interest? To my mind, although growth could _theoretically_ lead to a
        "lifting all boats" improvement across the board, in practice it
        inevitably leads to greater concentration of wealth for the elite while
        the populace deals with negative externalities like pollution,
        congestion, and advertizing. Degrowth, on the other hand, would
        directly reduce those externalities; and, if imposed via progressive
        taxation, would have further societal benefits via funded programs.
        
        I'd very much like to hear the counter-argument. It would be pleasant
        and convenient to believe that growth and industry are Good, Actually,
        so that I needn't feel guilty for contributing to them or for
        furthering my own position - but (sadly!) I can't just make myself
        believe something without justification.
       
          NooneAtAll3 wrote 8 hours 59 min ago:
          it is prisoners' dilemma
          
          if you grow - you increase total progress (and your influence on it)
          
          but if you degrow - you concentrate your progress into smaller amount
          of hands, making their life better
          
          seems reminiscent of "left vs right" debate in politics with its
          "wealth disperse vs wealth squeeze" - but with humans themselves
          instead
       
          constantcrying wrote 15 hours 40 min ago:
          Believing in growth just means believing that the future will be
          better than the past.
          
          And believing this, is the single thing keeping the entire world
          running.
          
          Germany is currently ruining itself because its stagnating economy
          means that it can not keep up with the rising costs for its pension
          system and has to increasingly raise more funds from a smaller,
          population which is seeing little productivity gains.
          
          >Degrowth, on the other hand, would directly reduce those
          externalities; and, if imposed via progressive taxation, would have
          further societal benefits via funded programs.
          
          Do you think that Germany will have social benefits at all, when the
          auto industry collapses. Where is the money coming from?
          
          Economic growth has enabled mass literacy. It has created industrial
          agriculture, which eliminated hunger for economic reasons in all
          countries which practice it. Degrowth means turning our back on the
          single process which caused the greatest increase in human quality of
          life.
       
          elp62 wrote 17 hours 42 min ago:
          In the vibrant capitalist society envisioned by Joseph Schumpeter,
          all boats are lifted because better businesses replace incumbents,
          both improving products for the larger society and continually
          redistributing wealth. In my view, since 2008 my country (the US) has
          distanced itself from this policy, instead focusing on protecting
          incumbents for fear of loss of employment. The unpopular policy of
          bailouts pursued in 2008-2009 and then again during the pandemic has
          led to a stagnant, top-heavy economy with most of the disadvantages
          of capitalism and less and less of the upside.
          
          I don't think degrowth is necessary to solve this problem, although
          I'm sure it has its merits. But I think growth can still occur
          without the trend toward oligarchic or feudal society, and in fact a
          society with a vibrant economy would have more growth than we do
          today.
       
          PedroBatista wrote 18 hours 3 min ago:
          For all the insightful takes about everything under the Sun, Dan's
          cynicism and skewed view towards "Europe" are shown in this letter.
          
          It's not that all his takes are wrong, it's the exaggeration, the
          doom and gloom and a somewhat dismissal or some unsolved personal
          issues he has with "Europeans".
          
          The irony is not lost that Dan acts as smug and dismissal as he
          accuses Europeans to be.
          
          Regarding the whole "Degrowth" thing: yes Europe has those and they
          found their gold in Governmental entities and they entertain the
          rich. But.. that's exactly what happens in the US too and Dan as
          knowledge as he is should know this was mostly an American academia
          export, he just needs to talk with some people in the very same
          colleges he regularly set foot into.
          
          Also, he should take a hint when he says historically liberal
          societies have fared much better than autocratic ones even if those
          are very focused and appear to make progress very quickly. Having a
          few mega-bilionaires directing what the populace do or not do might
          not be a smart move as it sounds. We'll see when the AI musical
          chairs stops.
          
          Btw, Europe has been dead and on the brink of destruction for a few
          centuries by now. And according to experts the EU is about to
          collapse 3 or 4 times a year - minimum.
       
          crubier wrote 18 hours 20 min ago:
          > Can someone elaborate on how growth is aligned with the general
          interest?
          
          Empirically, the past 200 years have seen high growth globally, and
          human well being has improved massively as a result. Life expectancy
          has skyrocketed, infant death, hunger have gone down to near zero,
          literacy has gone up, work is much more comfortable, interesting and
          rewarding, etc. But at a more fundamental level, our material quality
          of life is that of literal kings. The 1st decile poorest people in
          the US or Europe have much better living conditions than a king of
          500 years ago. We are so lucky to benefit from this, yet we
          completely forgot that fact. You complain about congestion and
          advertizing, but with degrowth you would complain about hunger and
          dying from cold during winter.
       
            MontyCarloHall wrote 18 hours 13 min ago:
            >But at a more fundamental level, our material quality of life is
            that of literal kings.
            
            This cannot be overstated. To wit, a Honda Accord (or equivalent
            mid-range car of today) is objectively superior to a Rolls Royce
            from the 90s in terms of amenities, engine power/efficiency,
            quietness, build quality, safety, etc. The same is true for
            quality-of-life improvements across a vast swath of consumer goods,
            and therefore consumer lifestyles.
            
            Without growth, it's unlikely we'd see those improvements manifest.
            Carefully consider the lifestyle of someone living several decades
            ago. Would you honestly want to live such a lifestyle yourself?
            That's where degrowth likely leads. As the article says, "I feel
            it’s impossible to convince Europeans to act in their self
            interest. You can’t even convince them to adopt air conditioning
            in the summer."
       
              allturtles wrote 16 hours 40 min ago:
              > Carefully consider the lifestyle of someone living several
              decades ago. Would you honestly want to live such a lifestyle
              yourself?
              
              Sure, I lived it, and it was very pleasant at the time and in
              many ways better than now in retrospect. e.g. always-on access to
              infinite content engines like YouTube, TikTok, X, Facebook, etc.
              is probably a net negative, both for individuals and society. I
              wouldn't want to go back a century or more and give up air
              conditioning, dishwashers, washing machines, air travel, electric
              lights. But a few decades, sure, in a heartbeat.
       
                jimnotgym wrote 12 hours 38 min ago:
                I agree,  30 years ago a working man doing 40 hours a week in a
                factory could still support a family on one income and expect
                to own a house. We hit a peak 30-40 years ago.
       
                  ford wrote 10 hours 54 min ago:
                  I hear this often, but I think this discounts the fact that
                  this was mostly true for the US/Western Europe at a time
                  where they enjoyed unilateral super-powerism as a result of
                  winning WWII. I'm not sure that kind of prosperity is normal
                  (though I hope it could be).
                  
                  I'm worried the harsh reality for most humans is that life is
                  often not that easy. And if it is, it won't be for long
       
                    jimnotgym wrote 5 hours 9 min ago:
                    But there is still enough wealth for all of those houses to
                    exist.    That tells me the world is wealthy enough,  but it
                    is in the hands of different people
       
          brokencode wrote 18 hours 32 min ago:
          Wealth inevitably concentrates in the hands of the elite no matter
          the economic conditions. There are plenty of failed states where all
          the wealth ended up in the hands of warlords and dictators.
          
          It’s something that regularly has to be dealt with in societies
          separately from the economic situation.
       
            typeofhuman wrote 17 hours 59 min ago:
            Exactly _how_ should society deal with it, and exactly _when_
            should society deal with it?
       
              brokencode wrote 16 hours 48 min ago:
              Opinions vary.
              
              There are those who think massive concentration of wealth is not
              a problem at all and is just a product of healthy capitalism. Tax
              is theft, and individual property rights are above all else.
              
              There are others who want some kind of communist revolution,
              where the entire structure of society and property ownership is
              changed. The workers should benefit from their work as much as
              the managers.
              
              Personally, I feel like there's a middle ground to hit. We should
              be able to make changes to our current system in the US without
              needing anything too radical.
              
              We have some good examples from the last century, such as trust
              busting, the New Deal, and the Great Society. These programs made
              major improvements without changing the country's fundamental
              economic system or growth trajectory.
       
                macintux wrote 13 hours 23 min ago:
                > trust busting, the New Deal, and the Great Society.
                
                I don't know what sea change it would take for today's GOP to
                even tepidly support any of these.
       
                  jimnotgym wrote 12 hours 35 min ago:
                  An electorate that looks like it will certainly vote them out
                  if they don't change
       
        websiteapi wrote 18 hours 50 min ago:
        USA is cooked sadly, that being said being Britain 2.0 ain't too bad.
        pretty much all the YC companies in the past few cohorts just are
        desperately rent seeking, sad but true - go look urself
       
        teiferer wrote 19 hours 9 min ago:
        > One way that Silicon Valley and the Communist Party resemble each
        other is that both are serious, self-serious, and indeed, completely
        humorless.
        
        There is a commedy show literally called Silicon Valley making fun of
        what's going on in the valley and everybody I know in tech loves it and
        appreciates the humor.
       
          skeeter2020 wrote 17 hours 44 min ago:
          More accurate:
          
          There WAS a comedy called Silicon Valley that wrapped more than 5
          years ago ABOUT the valley made in Hollywood by a guy with a science
          background who grew up in NEW MEXICO and SAN DIEGO, featuring ACTORs,
          none of them actual techies from the bay area.
       
          otterley wrote 18 hours 54 min ago:
          Right, but it’s written and produced in Hollywood, not in Silicon
          Valley. The Valley, so the argument goes, could not produce
          “Silicon Valley” the show. It provides the topic to be skewered,
          but it can’t skewer itself.
       
        ossa-ma wrote 19 hours 11 min ago:
        The beginning perfectly embodies the culture in Silicon Valley and
        touches on a crucial part that I notice when I visit: the complete lack
        of self expression or as I would put it ZERO drip.
        
        Remove the tech, what does SF contribute to the world wrt culture?
        Especially when compared to other metropolitan cities: NY, London, LA,
        Tokyo.
       
          saagarjha wrote 2 hours 4 min ago:
          I think the tech unfortunately drives out the people who would
          contribute this
       
          dpark wrote 19 hours 0 min ago:
          Maybe I’m missing some nuance but are you just saying that folks in
          Silicon Valley aren’t cool?
       
            decimalenough wrote 11 hours 8 min ago:
            How many musicians, artists, fashion designers from the Valley can
            you name? Even SF seems to be punching below its weight now that
            gentrification has forced out the producers, and (as noted in the
            article) the tech elite seems aggressively uninterested in
            patronizing art of any kind, be it opera or nightclubs.
       
            mjmsmith wrote 18 hours 11 min ago:
            The only problem with Silicon Valley is they just have no taste.
       
              dpark wrote 17 hours 6 min ago:
              I think most people in general have no taste. But taste is also
              so subjective that it’s hard to meaningfully discuss. Everyone
              probably thinks they have great taste.
              
              Part of the Silicon Valley ethos (and techie ethos in general) is
              the rejection of fashion. Comfort over style. Casual over classy.
              
              Even the “stealth wealth” thing that trended for a while
              seemed to be an expression of this. Casual wear, but really
              expensive.
       
                mopsi wrote 11 hours 23 min ago:
                Rejection of fashion has always seemed like a fear of failure
                to me. Trying to dress well means exposing yourself to
                evaluation, comparison and the possibility of getting it wrong.
                The traditions and standards of fashion have accumulated over
                centuries and are fairly resistant to being redefined
                (especially by rookies), which makes success depend on external
                criteria and not on personal rules. Rejecting fashion
                altogether removes the risk of failure.
                
                I think this is reflected in how techies are drawn to the
                safety of techwear, where fit and color matter less and
                clothing can be chosen and justified through objective criteria
                like weather resistance parameters.
       
                  dpark wrote 9 hours 36 min ago:
                  I’m sure that’s also a factor. But I do think it’s one
                  of many. Non-techies often take their fashion cues from
                  people they admire. If we assume techies do the same, then
                  they will likely be looking up to people who have largely
                  rejected fashion.
       
        strange_quark wrote 19 hours 15 min ago:
        > I believe that Silicon Valley possesses plenty of virtues. To start,
        it is the most meritocratic part of America.
        
        Oh come on, this is so untrue. Silicon Valley loves credentialism and
        networking, probably more than anywhere else. Except the credentials
        are the companies you’ve worked for or whether you know some founder
        or VC, instead of what school you went to or which degrees you have.
        
        I went to a smaller college that the big tech firms didn’t really
        recruit from. I spent the first ~5 years of my career working for a
        couple smaller companies without much SV presence. Somehow I lucked
        into landing a role at a big company that almost everyone has
        definitely heard  of. I didn’t find my coworkers to necessarily be
        any smarter or harder working than the people I worked with previously.
        But when I decided it was time to move on, companies that never gave me
        the time of day before were responding to my cold applies or even
        reaching out to _me_ to beg me to interview.
        
        And don’t get me started on the senior leadership and execs I’ve
        seen absolutely run an entire business units into the ground and lose
        millions of dollars and cost people their jobs, only to “part ways”
        with the company, then immediately turn around and raise millions of
        dollars from the same guys whose money they just lost.
       
          152334H wrote 18 hours 22 min ago:
          note that the first chunk of the piece spends time to analogize SV to
          the CCP, in terms of its willingness to take attacks (of humor).
          
          So, for your quote, a skeptical interpretation of the text may assert
          the author was merely praising SV in the same fashion one might
          appraise the party.
       
          usui wrote 19 hours 9 min ago:
          I guess I'll ask since you strongly disagree and ignoring the fact
          this is very reductionist: In your opinion, what is the most
          meritocratic part of America?
       
            fhsm wrote 18 hours 55 min ago:
            Isn’t the obvious answer that many would refute the premise of
            meaningful regional variation? In which case the claim isn’t that
            somewhere else is that place but rather than all places are
            substantially equivalent on this difficult to measure concept (or
            difference is unknown).
       
          fastball wrote 19 hours 11 min ago:
          Judging you based on the work you've done seems... very meritocratic
          to me?
       
            NooneAtAll3 wrote 9 hours 9 min ago:
            meritocratic means "judgement on merit (aka skill)"
            
            and the story told is "no judgement on skill, only on being
            in-group. It's just the in-group is caused by previous employment
            and not birth-right/nationality/etc"
       
              fastball wrote 8 hours 23 min ago:
              Previous employment isn't an "in-group", it's an endorsement of
              your skill (assuming your references pass muster).
       
            flumpcakes wrote 18 hours 32 min ago:
            I think the OP was making the point that it isn't meritocratic, at
            least that is how it read to me: they thought people where not
            meaningfully different in skill level (the people at the exclusive
            company being comparable to everywhere else) and that where you
            worked was the new way to find the 'in' people, rather than what
            university you graduated from (saying they had job offers based
            purely on getting the job at the exclusive company).
            
            You could argue that getting a job at X or Y company by itself
            conveys some level of skill - but if we are honest, that is just
            version of saying you went to Harvard.
            
            There's lots of cliques everywhere in life, and various ways to
            show status, SV is definitely not immune to that.
       
              fastball wrote 15 hours 18 min ago:
              Yes, that is what OP is saying, I'm just not very convinced.
              Primarily because his sample size is quite small – he says the
              people in his smaller, non-SV jobs were just as competent as
              those in the SV company, but that could mean a number of things
              that are not "SV isn't meritocratic". For example, it could just
              be that his previous colleagues were more competent than the
              actual national/global average, which seems probable.
       
        coderatlarge wrote 19 hours 17 min ago:
        from the piece:
        
        “
        the median age of the latest Y Combinator cohort is only 24, down from
        30 just three years ago
        “
        
        does yc publish stats to validate?
       
          bix6 wrote 18 hours 40 min ago:
          Quoted as 24 vs 30 in 2022 from one of the partners here:
          
  HTML    [1]: https://www.businessinsider.com/yc-founders-younger-under-mo...
       
          et1337 wrote 19 hours 4 min ago:
          Didn’t we just have a front page article about the average founder
          age increasing well beyond 30 this year? Is it a non-normal
          distribution or what?
       
            bix6 wrote 18 hours 38 min ago:
            Tunguz shows early 40s as the median [1] YC trends younger given
            what they’re looking for
            
  HTML      [1]: https://tomtunguz.com/founder-age-median-trend/
       
            InitialLastName wrote 18 hours 39 min ago:
            Lots of explanations with power here:
            
            - There's a hard edge to the distribution that isn't far from 24
            (I'd expect relatively few sub-18-year-old YC founders, but more
            31+-year-olds)
            
            - Older founders (with more experience, larger networks and less
            life flexibility) aren't a good fit for incubators.
       
        pr337h4m wrote 19 hours 21 min ago:
        > Which of the tech titans are funny? In public, they tend to speak in
        one of two registers. The first is the blandly corporate tone we’ve
        come to expect when we see them dragged before Congressional hearings
        or fireside chats. The second leans philosophical, as they compose
        their features into the sort of reverie appropriate for issuing
        apocalyptic prophecies on AI.
        
        This is just not accurate though? For example, this post from a tech
        titan might not necessarily be that funny but it's neither blandly
        corporate nor philosophical:
        
  HTML  [1]: https://x.com/elonmusk/status/2006548935372902751
       
          thundergolfer wrote 18 hours 44 min ago:
          1. Elon is not funny. He’s deeply unfunny. 
          2. “Tend to” is the key bit you’re missing. It “tends to”
          be true that titans speak in those registers, even if it is true that
          Elon, a titan, a does not.
       
        jstummbillig wrote 19 hours 21 min ago:
        Wait, how funny is this guy. That's an easy top 10 funny person out of
        nowhere in my life.
       
        bix6 wrote 19 hours 28 min ago:
        Dam Wang, good read!
       
        152334H wrote 19 hours 29 min ago:
        > Beijing has been preparing for Cold War without eagerness for waging
        it, while the US wants to wage a Cold War without preparing for it.
        
        great line
       
          DustinEchoes wrote 13 hours 50 min ago:
          Too bad it’s not true. China has wanted this for a long long time.
          They view their relative weakness vs the West as humiliating and
          temporary, and want to correct that by any means available.
       
          slfreference wrote 18 hours 51 min ago:
          I don't care who the next hegemon will be; US or China. But please
          pray, can these people tell what their next strategy is for the rest
          of the world after the Cold War ends. Will the next regime advance
          sciences further after whichever side wins the Cold War? Can't that
          be done without the war? US has been hegemon since last 5 or so
          decades; has it worked out best even ONLY for the Americans if not
          for the rest of the world. I will ask a very obvious question taught
          as a intuition pump by Daniel Dennett, "Then What? Then What? Then
          What?". Do these blob forces have post-Cold War steps figured out for
          the best of humanity, if not for whole of humanity but a national
          subset.
          
          Here is a fun representation I have in my mind:
          
          Galactic Emperor
          
  HTML    [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YfQbm8Wk2vU
       
            NooneAtAll3 wrote 9 hours 19 min ago:
            from my understanding, US strategy "for the world" is "you sell me
            things, I sell you dollars, do democracy or else" - while best
            China guess seems to be "build business, together, don't push your
            agenda on others or else" (as with anything, these will change over
            several decades tho)
            
            but main divide seems to form on "ngo vs government" lines, imo -
            and ironically the exact opposite way of the proclaimed
            "authoritarian China vs USAID america" of the previous
            decade-or-two. (As always, best path is somewhere in the middle
            between the two)
            
            the main thing that will happen for sure - globalization,
            unification into bigger and bigger pieces will continue. Sure, big
            pieces might go further from each other - but smaller ones will
            will get closer and closer (unless we all die, of course)
       
            bigyabai wrote 18 hours 31 min ago:
            I don't know if it's that hard to figure out, at least in the
            short-term. China's #1 goal should be to keep the value of their
            currency stable and push hard on the neoliberal expansionist path.
            If the United States' financialized economy starts to sag, this is
            China's opportunity to provide discount stability to the nations
            that China needs as allies.
       
              NooneAtAll3 wrote 9 hours 15 min ago:
              > China's #1 goal should be to keep the value of their currency
              stable
              
              this kinda goes against the very policy of China for the last
              decade-2-3 of almost-manual depreciation of RMB to make export
              easier
              
              > this is China's opportunity to provide discount stability to
              the nations that China needs as allies
              
              and it's US strat to boost allies with money donations - while
              China seems to be more about joint infrastructure and industry
              building
       
          apples_oranges wrote 19 hours 9 min ago:
          It's not clear what the US plan even is. Move all manufacturing back
          home and compete with China ASAP?
       
            alexashka wrote 11 hours 45 min ago:
            It all falls into place if you contemplate the possibility that
            there is no US.
            
            There's stock market bros, kill people bros, government welfare
            bros and some mega business bros.
            
            None of them want to know anything beyond my kids go to private
            school, get nepo baby job.
            
            This is what humans are capable of - not just in USA, as a species.
            USA's 'plan' or rather inevitability is to fall apart. China will
            be the next power and it'll also fall apart, like USSR fell apart
            and USA is falling apart for the world to see.
            
            Maybe in another few thousand years it'll be different, I doubt it.
            Read Plato's Republic you're above 140 IQ - it spells it all out so
            nicely that one you grok it, you need not know much of anything
            else regarding politics.
       
            loudmax wrote 17 hours 50 min ago:
            The "US plan," is driven by the executive office.  That is to say,
            the by the US president.
            
            Insofar as there is any plan, the current officeholder's priorities
            are to project the appearance of personal power on television.    If
            you're wondering what's going on strategically, don't go thinking
            that there's some grand plan, or even an intention to benefit the
            United States in the long term.  There are some people in the
            cabinet who are thinking long term, but that's not universal, and
            that's not what they're selected for.  Every action that is taken
            is to satisfy the president's narcissism and ego in the present
            moment.  You have to understand the "US plan" in this light for
            anything coming out of the executive office to make sense.
       
            glitchc wrote 18 hours 14 min ago:
            The US doesn't have a plan, it has a framework. The framework
            allows it to be nimble in a way that centralized economies (like
            China) can never match. My money's on the US out-competing everyone
            else in the long run.
       
              seanmcdirmid wrote 17 hours 47 min ago:
              I can’t tell if this is sarcasm or if you are serious. The
              USA’s framework is to just wish for things to happen and then
              be surprised when those things don’t happen. There is basically
              no executing plan beyond grifting money to a few corporations
              because they supported the president during the election.
       
                shimman wrote 17 hours 10 min ago:
                Seriously, and we have one of the most centrally planned
                economies in existence, it's just controlled by the elites
                rather than through democratic norms as it was during the new
                deal coalition.
       
            lawn wrote 18 hours 22 min ago:
            Plan?
            
            They don't even have a concept of a plan.
       
            dfxm12 wrote 18 hours 33 min ago:
            The US plan is to enrich oligarchs who are friendly with Trump and
            to enact white nationalist policies.
            
            Anything beyond that is just like a kid playing an arcade game
            without putting any quarters in.
       
            jaapz wrote 19 hours 0 min ago:
            With trump at the helm, do you think there is much of a plan?
       
            anon7000 wrote 19 hours 5 min ago:
            Even if it’s a goal, it’s not a plan. The article talks about
            it, but Biden’s push for manufacturing wasn’t very aggressive,
            and Trump has basically stopped it. We’ve seen a loss in
            manufacturing jobs from tariffs and Trump idiotically deported
            Korean engineers working in local battery production plants. Simply
            protecting our existing companies (which are not very efficient,
            see shipbuilders) is not even close to enough to competing
       
        pityJuke wrote 19 hours 31 min ago:
        As someone unfamiliar with the author, I had a deep amount of cynicism
        for the length of this piece... but damn, it's good, top to bottom.
       
          andrepd wrote 11 hours 48 min ago:
          Hard disagree. How many paragraphs of fawning over the unique culture
          of the Bay Area must I endure before he arrives at the point?
          
          Such gems as
          
          > I like SF house parties, where people take off their shoes at the
          entrance and enter a space in which speech can be heard over music,
          which feels so much more civilized than descending into a loud bar in
          New York. It’s easy to fall into a nerdy conversation almost
          immediately with someone young and earnest.
       
            senordevnyc wrote 10 hours 20 min ago:
            Just quoting a paragraph means nothing, what’s the actual problem
            you have here?
            
            I’ve lived in both SF and now NYC, and that characterization is
            painting with a broad brush, but isn’t ridiculous.
       
          nozzlegear wrote 19 hours 3 min ago:
          I agree. At first I briefly skimmed it and thought it was going to be
          a puff piece on China's AI efforts (unfair of me), but a couple
          paragraphs caught me and I read the whole thing. I'm glad I did.
       
        url00 wrote 19 hours 38 min ago:
        As often the case with Dan's letters, a well balanced take on many
        issues. I particularly appreciated the thoughts on AI and (what I read)
        the undertone of infrastructure being the real differentiator between
        the US effort and China. We'll see how it plays out this year. "May you
        live in exciting times" etc.
       
        kaonwarb wrote 19 hours 39 min ago:
        I recommend Dan’s book ( [1] ) to those wanting to better understand
        China - and the United States.
        
  HTML  [1]: https://danwang.co/breakneck/
       
          mattding wrote 4 hours 38 min ago:
          +1 biggest takeaway from me was that China / Asian societies
          emphasize process knowledge, which does not seem to be the case for
          U.S. tech in my working experience.
       
          decimalenough wrote 15 hours 7 min ago:
          +1, it's a great read.
          
          It also defies easy summaries, but my biggest takeaways were that 1)
          the CCP really doesn't care about the costs any of its policies
          (one-child, zero COVID, etc) impose on its citizenry, and 2) that the
          CCP is actively preparing China for a world where it's entirely cut
          off from the West, because it realizes that's the price to pay for
          invading Taiwan.
       
          libraryofbabel wrote 19 hours 15 min ago:
          One of the best books I read this year. I think a lot of HN readers
          will like it. A really balanced take on China that also digs deep
          into the perennial question of “why can’t we build big
          infrastructure projects in the US?” that comes up here quite often.
       
            veritascap wrote 15 hours 56 min ago:
            We used to build those infrastructure projects.
       
              libraryofbabel wrote 15 hours 41 min ago:
              Well of course, and the book digs a little into the history as
              well, and what changed around the 1960s/70s. There is a long
              section on Robert Moses, for example. He draws a lot of parallels
              between modern China and the US in the 19th and early 20th
              centuries - totally different political systems, but similar
              “breakneck” ability to build.
       
       
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