Subj : ES Picture of the Day 30  2022
To   : All
From : Dan Richter
Date : Tue Aug 30 2022 12:00:52

 EPOD - a service of USRA

The Earth Science Picture of the Day (EPOD) highlights the diverse processes
and phenomena which shape our planet and our lives. EPOD will collect and
archive photos, imagery, graphics, and artwork with short explanatory
captions and links exemplifying features within the Earth system. The
community is invited to contribute digital imagery, short captions and
relevant links.


 Hollow Stems in Amaryllis belladonna

   August 30, 2022

    Menashe_Stems

    Menashe_Stems2

   Photographer: Menashe Davidson  menashe.davidson@gmail.com

   Summary Author: Menashe Davidson  menashe.davidson@gmail.com

   While in my home-garden (in Rishon LeZion, Israel), I observed the
   erect hollow leafless stems of  Amaryllis belladonna plant, also
   known as the Amaryllis lily and the August lily. Carrying
    inflorescences they bear showy funnel-shaped flowers (1st photo). I
   questioned the purpose of why there are hollow stems in some plants.
    Stems of course provide a transport system, mechanical support, and
   a primary growth point for plant. They also improve the presentation of
   the plant’s sexual organs, thereby increasing the plant's chance of
   reproduction.

   The common misconception was to believe that the hollow stem is solely
   for nutrient or water transport. But when I cut the stem in various
   heights, I learned that the hollow stem holds water only in the bottom
   4 or 5 inches (12 cm) -- most of the stem contains air (2nd photo).

    Scientists In University of Guelph (Ontario) studied differences in
   plant stem type, and how effectively they regulate their temperature.
   They found that the stem lumen (hollow portion of the stem) allows the
   plant to maintain a distinct internal microclimate and in the present
   of sunlight, the temperature in the lumen was slightly above that of
   the ambient air. Increases in temperature encourages growth of sexual
   organs in plants, which in turn helps the flower to develop quickly,
   becoming more prominent to pollinators. And this effect is exactly what
   I observed in Amaryllis flowers. (Below)

    Menashe_Stems3


   Rishon LeZion, Israel Coordinates: 31.9730, 34.7925


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