%!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Creator: dvips(k) 5.92b Copyright 2002 Radical Eye Software %%Title: sigdis.dvi %%Pages: 71 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792 %%DocumentFonts: Times-Bold Times-Roman Times-Italic Courier CMMI8 CMR8 %%+ CMR6 CMMI6 CMSY8 %%EndComments %DVIPSWebPage: (www.radicaleye.com) %DVIPSCommandLine: dvips sigdis.dvi -o sig.PS %DVIPSParameters: dpi=600, compressed %DVIPSSource: TeX output 2014.03.06:1425 %%BeginProcSet: texc.pro %! /TeXDict 300 dict def TeXDict begin/N{def}def/B{bind def}N/S{exch}N/X{S N}B/A{dup}B/TR{translate}N/isls false N/vsize 11 72 mul N/hsize 8.5 72 mul N/landplus90{false}def/@rigin{isls{[0 landplus90{1 -1}{-1 1}ifelse 0 0 0]concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scale isls{ landplus90{VResolution 72 div vsize mul 0 exch}{Resolution -72 div hsize mul 0}ifelse TR}if Resolution VResolution vsize -72 div 1 add mul TR[ matrix currentmatrix{A A round sub abs 0.00001 lt{round}if}forall round exch round exch]setmatrix}N/@landscape{/isls true N}B/@manualfeed{ statusdict/manualfeed true put}B/@copies{/#copies X}B/FMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0] N/FBB[0 0 0 0]N/nn 0 N/IEn 0 N/ctr 0 N/df-tail{/nn 8 dict N nn begin /FontType 3 N/FontMatrix fntrx N/FontBBox FBB N string/base X array /BitMaps X/BuildChar{CharBuilder}N/Encoding IEn N end A{/foo setfont}2 array copy cvx N load 0 nn put/ctr 0 N[}B/sf 0 N/df{/sf 1 N/fntrx FMat N df-tail}B/dfs{div/sf X/fntrx[sf 0 0 sf neg 0 0]N df-tail}B/E{pop nn A definefont setfont}B/Cw{Cd A length 5 sub get}B/Ch{Cd A length 4 sub get }B/Cx{128 Cd A length 3 sub get sub}B/Cy{Cd A length 2 sub get 127 sub} B/Cdx{Cd A length 1 sub get}B/Ci{Cd A type/stringtype ne{ctr get/ctr ctr 1 add N}if}B/id 0 N/rw 0 N/rc 0 N/gp 0 N/cp 0 N/G 0 N/CharBuilder{save 3 1 roll S A/base get 2 index get S/BitMaps get S get/Cd X pop/ctr 0 N Cdx 0 Cx Cy Ch sub Cx Cw add Cy setcachedevice Cw Ch true[1 0 0 -1 -.1 Cx sub Cy .1 sub]/id Ci N/rw Cw 7 add 8 idiv string N/rc 0 N/gp 0 N/cp 0 N{ rc 0 ne{rc 1 sub/rc X rw}{G}ifelse}imagemask restore}B/G{{id gp get/gp gp 1 add N A 18 mod S 18 idiv pl S get exec}loop}B/adv{cp add/cp X}B /chg{rw cp id gp 4 index getinterval putinterval A gp add/gp X adv}B/nd{ /cp 0 N rw exit}B/lsh{rw cp 2 copy get A 0 eq{pop 1}{A 255 eq{pop 254}{ A A add 255 and S 1 and or}ifelse}ifelse put 1 adv}B/rsh{rw cp 2 copy get A 0 eq{pop 128}{A 255 eq{pop 127}{A 2 idiv S 128 and or}ifelse} ifelse put 1 adv}B/clr{rw cp 2 index string putinterval adv}B/set{rw cp fillstr 0 4 index getinterval putinterval adv}B/fillstr 18 string 0 1 17 {2 copy 255 put pop}for N/pl[{adv 1 chg}{adv 1 chg nd}{1 add chg}{1 add chg nd}{adv lsh}{adv lsh nd}{adv rsh}{adv rsh nd}{1 add adv}{/rc X nd}{ 1 add set}{1 add clr}{adv 2 chg}{adv 2 chg nd}{pop nd}]A{bind pop} forall N/D{/cc X A type/stringtype ne{]}if nn/base get cc ctr put nn /BitMaps get S ctr S sf 1 ne{A A length 1 sub A 2 index S get sf div put }if put/ctr ctr 1 add N}B/I{cc 1 add D}B/bop{userdict/bop-hook known{ bop-hook}if/SI save N @rigin 0 0 moveto/V matrix currentmatrix A 1 get A mul exch 0 get A mul add .99 lt{/QV}{/RV}ifelse load def pop pop}N/eop{ SI restore userdict/eop-hook known{eop-hook}if showpage}N/@start{ userdict/start-hook known{start-hook}if pop/VResolution X/Resolution X 1000 div/DVImag X/IEn 256 array N 2 string 0 1 255{IEn S A 360 add 36 4 index cvrs cvn put}for pop 65781.76 div/vsize X 65781.76 div/hsize X}N /p{show}N/RMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N/BDot 260 string N/Rx 0 N/Ry 0 N/V{}B/RV/v{ /Ry X/Rx X V}B statusdict begin/product where{pop false[(Display)(NeXT) (LaserWriter 16/600)]{A length product length le{A length product exch 0 exch getinterval eq{pop true exit}if}{pop}ifelse}forall}{false}ifelse end{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR 1 1 scale Rx Ry false RMat{BDot}imagemask grestore}}{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR Rx Ry scale 1 1 false RMat{BDot} imagemask grestore}}ifelse B/QV{gsave newpath transform round exch round exch itransform moveto Rx 0 rlineto 0 Ry neg rlineto Rx neg 0 rlineto fill grestore}B/a{moveto}B/delta 0 N/tail{A/delta X 0 rmoveto}B/M{S p delta add tail}B/b{S p tail}B/c{-4 M}B/d{-3 M}B/e{-2 M}B/f{-1 M}B/g{0 M} B/h{1 M}B/i{2 M}B/j{3 M}B/k{4 M}B/w{0 rmoveto}B/l{p -4 w}B/m{p -3 w}B/n{ p -2 w}B/o{p -1 w}B/q{p 1 w}B/r{p 2 w}B/s{p 3 w}B/t{p 4 w}B/x{0 S rmoveto}B/y{3 2 roll p a}B/bos{/SS save N}B/eos{SS restore}B end %%EndProcSet %%BeginProcSet: 8r.enc % File 8r.enc as of 2002-03-12 for PSNFSS 9 % % This is the encoding vector for Type1 and TrueType fonts to be used % with TeX. 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The only Windows % ANSI characters not available are those that make no sense for % typesetting -- rubout (127 decimal), nobreakspace (160), softhyphen % (173). quotesingle and grave are moved just because it's such an % irritation not having them in TeX positions. % % (2) Remaining characters are assigned arbitrarily to the lower part % of the range, avoiding 0, 10 and 13 in case we meet dumb software. % % (3) Y&Y Lucida Bright includes some extra text characters; in the % hopes that other PostScript fonts, perhaps created for public % consumption, will include them, they are included starting at 0x12. % % (4) Remaining positions left undefined are for use in (hopefully) % upward-compatible revisions, if someday more characters are generally % available. % % (5) hyphen appears twice for compatibility with both ASCII and Windows. % % (6) /Euro is assigned to 128, as in Windows ANSI % /TeXBase1Encoding [ % 0x00 (encoded characters from Adobe Standard not in Windows 3.1) /.notdef 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All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMSY8) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle -14.035 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMSY8 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 0 /.notdef put readonly def /FontBBox{-30 -955 1185 779}readonly def /UniqueID 5000818 def currentdict end currentfile eexec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cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMMI6 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMMI6 1.100 %%CreationDate: 1996 Jul 23 07:53:52 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.100) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMMI6) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle -14.04 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMMI6 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 0 /.notdef put readonly def /FontBBox{11 -250 1241 750}readonly def /UniqueID 5087381 def currentdict end currentfile eexec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cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMR6 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR6 1.0 %%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:39:02 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMR6) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle 0 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMR6 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 0 /.notdef put readonly def /FontBBox{-20 -250 1193 750}readonly def /UniqueID 5000789 def currentdict end currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMR8 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR8 1.0 %%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:39:40 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMR8) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle 0 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMR8 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 0 /.notdef put readonly def /FontBBox{-36 -250 1070 750}readonly def /UniqueID 5000791 def currentdict end currentfile eexec D9D66F633B846A97B686A97E45A3D0AA052A014267B7904EB3C0D3BD0B83D891 016CA6CA4B712ADEB258FAAB9A130EE605E61F77FC1B738ABC7C51CD46EF8171 9098D5FEE67660E69A7AB91B58F29A4D79E57022F783EB0FBBB6D4F4EC35014F D2DECBA99459A4C59DF0C6EBA150284454E707DC2100C15B76B4C19B84363758 469A6C558785B226332152109871A9883487DD7710949204DDCF837E6A8708B8 2BDBF16FBC7512FAA308A093FE5CF4E9D2405B169CD5365D6ECED5D768D66D6C 68618B8C482B341F8CA38E9BB9BAFCFAAD9C2F3FD033B62690986ED43D9C9361 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b(serv)o(er)g(crash)g(lea)o(v)o(es)g (thousands)g(of)f(students)i(unable)f(to)2010 1893 y(re)o(gister)h(for) e(classes)h(\(R)f(22)g(38\))1950 1971 y(i)g(Risks)g(of)g (not-quite-identical)24 b(k)o(e)o(yboard)19 b(layouts)f(\(R)f(21)g (26\))1950 2050 y($h)g(United)h(Airlines)h(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(for)f(one)g(hour)g(accidentally)22 b(of)n(fered)d(SFO-P)o (aris)e(round)h(trips)2010 2129 y(for)f(cost)h(of)f(tax)o(es)h(and)f (fees)h(only)f(\(roughly)i($30)e(instead)i(of)e($300\))g(\(R)g(21)g (24-25\))1950 2208 y(f)g(Japanese)h(modem)f(misdialing)i(seemingly)g (at)f(random)f(in)g(pulse-dial)j(mode)d(\(R)g(21)g(25\))1950 2287 y(eh)g(EoExchange)i(shuts)e(do)n(wn)g(free)h(ad-supported)h (services)g(without)g(w)o(arning;)g(customer)2010 2366 y(data)f(lost)g(\(R)f(21)g(32\))1950 2445 y(i)g(PC)g(virtual-parrot)k (squa)o(wks)c(confuse)h(\002remen)g(\(S)e(26)h(6:10,)h(R)f(21)g(46\)) 1950 2524 y(f)g(Cable)h(theft)h(results)f(in)f(netw)o(ork)i(congestion) g(when)e(Seti@Home)i(screen)f(sa)o(v)o(ers)f(are)2010 2602 y(unable)i(to)e(access)h(Seti)g(serv)o(ers)g(\(R)f(21)g(48,53\)) 1950 2681 y(fe)g(Carefully)j(planned)f(seamless)e(British)i(T)-5 b(elecom)18 b(BT)f(SurfT)n(ime)f(upgrade)j(seemed)f(v)o(ery)2010 2760 y(seamy)l(,)f(with)g(premature)i(cancellation)j(of)17 b(old)g(service)i(\(R)e(21)g(44\))1950 2839 y(hie)h(Risks)f(in)g(MacOS) h(10.2.4)e(update)j(and)f(httpd.conf)g(replacement)j(\(R)c(22)g(56\)) 1950 2918 y($fe)g(UK)f(magistrates)j(courts)e(staf)n(f)h(upgrade)g(f)o (ailure)h(requires)f(tw)o(o)f(sets)f(of)h(systems)f(instead)j(of)2010 2997 y(one,)e(and)h(a)f(huge)g(windf)o(all)j(for)d(the)h(de\002cient)h (contractor)h(\(R)d(21)g(59\))1950 3076 y(fe)g(Adobe)h(Acrobat)g(5.0)f (pdf)g(upgrade)i(not)e(backw)o(ard)i(compatible)h(\(R)d(21)g(59\))1950 3155 y(e)g(N)n(ASA)f(data)i(from)f(1970s)g(lost)h(due)f(to)h(\223for)o (gotten\224)i(\002le)d(format)h(\(R)f(21)g(56\))1950 3233 y(f)g(California)j(DMV)c(sorting)i(machine)h(sends)e(licenses)i (to)e(wrong)h(people;)h(8-year)o(-old)g(sorting)2010 3312 y(machine)g(blamed)f(\(R)f(21)g(39\))1950 3391 y(*)g(IBM)g(auto)h (dashboard)g(system)g(can)f(shoot)h(w)o(ater)g(at)g(dri)n(v)o(ers)g (not)g(answering)g(questions)2010 3470 y(properly)h(\(R)e(21)g(53\)) 1950 3549 y(he)g(Half)h(of)f(Norw)o(ay')l(s)h(banks)g(of)n(\003ine)g (for)f(a)g(week:)22 b(erroneous)d(k)o(e)o(ystrok)o(e)g(in)f(EDB)e (Fellesdata)2010 3628 y(AS)g(upgrade)j(wiped)f(out)f(entire)i(data)g(w) o(arehouse)f(instead)h(of)e(merely)h(initializing)k(280)17 b(ne)n(w)2010 3707 y(disks)g(\(R)g(21)g(58\))1950 3786 y(+)g(OnStar)h(GPS)e(computer)j(reports)f(accident,)h(pinpoints)g (hit-and-run)h(dri)n(v)o(er)e(\(R)f(21)g(46\))1950 3864 y(f*)g(Polarized)i(sunglasses)f(mask)f(LCD)g(displays)h(\(R)f(21)g (53,54,56\))1950 3943 y(f)g(F)o(alse)h(f)o(atal-error)i(report)e(on)f (completed)i(atomic)g(transaction)h(\(R)d(21)g(53,54,57\))1950 4022 y(mh)f(Fiber)i(cut)g(tak)o(es)g(out)g(netw)o(ork)h(connecti)n (vity)i(within)d(U.)e(Pennsylv)n(ania)21 b(\(R)c(21)g(55\))1950 4101 y(i)g(Another)h(autoresponder)i(loop)e(\(R)f(21)g(51,56\))1950 4180 y($fhe)h(Euro)e(computer)j(cuto)o(v)o(er)g(risks)e(\(R)g(21)g (40\))1950 4259 y(f$)g(P)o(ayday)h(delayed)h(by)e(one)h(day)f(in)h (Belgium;)g(once-in-\002)n(v)o(e-year)k(glitch)d(\(R)e(21)g(45\))1950 4338 y(h)g(JDS)f(Uniphase)j(bad)e(quarterly)i(results)f(report)h(alle)o (gedly)h(hack)o(ed,)e(halting)i(trading)e(\226)f(b)o(ut)g(it)2010 4416 y(turned)h(out)g(the)g(report)g(w)o(as)f(W)-5 b(eb-posted)18 b(prematurely!)24 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(56\))1950 4495 y(eHS)g(Be)n(w)o(are)i (of)e(free)h(URL-forw)o(arding)h(services)f(\(R)f(21)g(47\))1950 4574 y(di)g(Custom)h(system)f(risk:)k(dead)d(men)f(produce)i(no)e (documentation)j(\(R)d(21)g(47\))1950 4653 y($h)g(40,000)g(federal)i (tax)f(returns)g(and)g($800M)f(payments)h(missing)g(at)f(Mellon)i(Bank) 2010 4732 y(processing)g(center)g(\(R)e(21)g(63\))1950 4811 y($m)f(CD-eating)k(geotrichum)f(fungus)e(amongus)h(\(R)f(21)g (51\))1950 4890 y(?)k(Singapore)e(bans)e(di)n(v)o(orce)i(by)e(SMS)f (\(short-te)o(xt)k(messaging)e(between)h(cell)f(phones\),)2010 4969 y(o)o(v)o(erruling)h(Muslim)f(authorities,)h(after)f(16)g(di)n(v)o (orces)g(Apr)f(to)g(Jun)g(2001)h(\(R)f(21)g(58\))1950 5047 y($)g(Chinese)h(di)n(v)o(orce:)24 b(\002ght)17 b(o)o(v)o(er)h (online)g(Mir)g(2)e(game)i(account)h(characters)g(and)f(virtual)h (items)2010 5126 y(w)o(orth)f(o)o(v)o(er)g(40,000)f(Y)-7 b(uan)17 b(\(R)g(23)g(93\))1950 5205 y(-)g(Chinese)h(Internet)h(blind)g (date)f(turns)f(out)h(to)f(be)g(married)i(couple;)g(big)e(spat)h(when)f (the)o(y)2010 5284 y(\002nally)h(rendezv)o(oused!)24 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(55\))1950 5363 y($fh)g(Ne)n(w)g(British)i(solar)f (parking)g(meters)g(gi)n(v)o(e)g(free)g(parking)g(in)g(bad)f(weather)m (,)i(when)e(installed)2010 5442 y(under)h(trees,)f(etc.)22 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(65\))1950 5521 y($H)g(Judge)g(tosses)h(out)f(red-light) 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y($i)g(Australian)j(man)d(rack)o(ed)h(up)g(A$22,000)f(in)g (\002nes)g(on)g(Melbourne)i(toll)g(road,)e(not)g(ha)o(ving)-330 5352 y(updated)i(his)e(address,)g(and)h(not)f(ha)o(ving)h(acquired)i(a) d(transponder)i(\(R)e(21)g(93\))-390 5431 y($\(f?h?\))22 b(Seattle)e(City)e(light)g(billing)h(disputes)g(\(R)e(22)g(05\))-390 5510 y(\(f?\))k(T)-5 b(w)o(o)17 b(unsolv)o(ed)h(telephone)i(mysteries:) j(unattended)d(mobile)e(phone)g(calls)g(home,)f(and)-330 5589 y(replicated)j(phone)e(bills;)h(softw)o(are)g(f)o(aults?)k(\(R)17 b(22)g(08-10\))1950 -90 y($h)g(E-commerce)h(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)g(mistak)o(enly)j(listed)e(lo)n(w)g(price)g(for)f(K)n(odak)h (cameras;)g(automatic)2010 -11 y(response)g(constituted)i(acceptance)h (of)c(sale)h(\(R)f(21)g(90\);)1950 68 y($hi)g(PC)g(mail-order)i(price)g (typo)e(cost)h(Marubeni)h(o)o(v)o(er)e($2)g(million;)i(compan)o(y)g (honored)f(the)2010 147 y(error)g(\(R)f(23)g(02\))1950 226 y($)g(Buy)l(.com)g(mispriced)h(a)f(monitor;)i(automated)g(price)g 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b(page)h(on)f(Pope)g(John)g(P)o(aul)h(II')l(s)f(death)i(on)e(2) g(Apr)f(2005)i(w)o(as)f(prepared)i(on)e(1)2010 68 y(Apr)g(2005,)g (before)h(his)f(death,)h(announcing)i(\223V)-7 b(acanc)o(y)19 b(of)e(the)h(Apostolic)g(See\224)g(\(R)g(23)f(84\))1950 147 y(*\(f/m/?\))22 b(Judge)c(accepted)i(hypothesis)e(that)g(Ontario)h (Saf)o(ari)f(P)o(ark)g(tiger)g(triggered)h(po)n(wer)2010 226 y(windo)n(w)f(opening)h(and)e(entered)i(the)f(automobile,)h(a)o(w)o (arded)g($2M)e(in)g(damages)h(\(R)f(23)g(69\))1950 305 y(m)f(A)h(risk)g(of)g(high-speed)i(CD/D)m(VD-rom)f(dri)n(v)o(es)g(in)f (current-day)j(PCs,)c(and)i(slo)n(wing)g(them)2010 383 y(do)n(wn)g(\(R)f(23)g(71,72\);)g(Macro)o(vision)j(D)m(VD)c(cop)o (y-protection)22 b(\(R)17 b(23)g(72\))1950 462 y(!*+/-?)22 b(Hospitals)d(ha)o(v)o(e)f(dramatically)i(reduced)f(unnecessary)g (deaths?)k(\(R)17 b(24)g(32,33\))1950 541 y($f)g($8)g(million)h(for)g (self-parking)h(char)o(ge:)k Fd(8)p Fe(:)p Fd(1)p Fe(E)c Fd(+)d(6)h Fj(\(R)g(24)g(30-31\))1950 620 y(e)g(NZ)f(IRD)h(tax)h (numbers)f(about)h(to)g(run)f(out)g(\(R)g(24)g(33\))1950 699 y(m)f(W)m(ily)i(cro)n(ws)g(disconnect)h(wired)f(T)-5 b(ok)o(yo)17 b(\(R)g(24)g(33\))1950 778 y(f)g(Irish)g(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(pays)h(double;)i(ethical)h(dilemma)e(\(R)f(24)g(30\))1950 857 y(\002)g(Construction)i(block)o(ed)h(by)d(e-mail)h(\002ltering)h (`erection')h(\(R)d(24)g(30\))1950 936 y(Vhi)g(Risks)g(of)g(relying)i (on)e(the)h(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(in)g(w)o(artime:)23 b(Australian)c (Consulate)h(required)2010 1014 y(re)o(gistration)g(online,)e(with)g (no)f(electric)j(po)n(wer)e(\(R)f(24)g(35\))1950 1093 y(hi)g(D)m(VD)g(player)i(human)e(interf)o(ace,)j(not)d(designed)i(for)e (usability?)1950 1172 y(\(R)g(24)g(44\))1950 1251 y(*hi)g(Silliness)i (in)f(Action:)k(California)e(poised)e(for)f(car)h(cell)h(phone)e(ban)h (\(R)f(24)g(40\))1950 1330 y(British)h(amb)o(ulance)h(cre)n(w)f(goes)g (200)f(miles)h(of)n(f)f(course)h(based)g(on)f(name)g(confusion)i(in) 2010 1409 y(satellite)h(na)o(vigation)g(\(R)d(24)g(48,49\))1950 1488 y Fg(END)g(of)g(y)o(et-to-be-mer)o(ged)k(items)d(.....)2010 1701 y Fl(1.2)99 b(11)25 b(Sep)h(2001)e(and)h(Homeland)g(Security)2010 1825 y Fj(.....)19 b Fg(Combatting)f(T)-6 b(err)o(orism)1950 1904 y Fj(!!!*VSHf$$)18 b(11)f(September)h(2001:)k(terrorist)d (highjacking)h(of)d(four)g(planes)i(used)e(as)g(cruise)2010 1982 y(missiles)h(to)f(destro)o(y)h(the)g(W)-5 b(orld)17 b(T)n(rade)g(Center)i(twin)f(to)n(wers)g(and)f(part)h(of)f(the)h (Pentagon,)2010 2061 y(with)g(thousands)g(of)f(li)n(v)o(es)h(lost)g (and)f(e)o(xtensi)n(v)o(e)j(disruption)f(of)e(lo)n(wer)h(Manhattan)2010 2140 y(infrastructures;)j(rele)n(v)n(ant)f(GA)l(O)d(reports)h(cited)g (\(S)f(27)g(1:7,)g(R)g(21)g(66-67\))1950 2219 y(!h)g(Stray)h(bomb)f (caused)h(by)f(typo)h(in)f(coordinate)j(digit)e(\(R)f(21)g(70,71,73\);) 1950 2298 y(Sf)g(Discussion)h(of)f(the)g(risks)h(of)e(remotely)j (controlling)h(airliners)g(to)d(pre)n(v)o(ent)i(hostile)2010 2377 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y(44,)g(S)f(31)h(6:27-28\))1950 4585 y(SH)f(Richard)j(Clark)o(e)g (on)e(Homeland)i(Security)l(,)f(airport)h(ID)d(checks,)i(etc.)k(\(R)17 b(23)g(78-79;)h(S)e(30)2010 4664 y(3:30\);)i(\223High-tech)i(passports) e(are)f(not)h(w)o(orking\224)h(\(R)e(23)g(73;)g(S)g(30)g(3:31\))1950 4743 y($SH)g(Thie)n(v)o(es)h(sabotage)h(Dutch)f(telecom)h (infrastructure)h(\(R)d(24)g(43,)g(S)f(31)h(6:28\))1950 4822 y(S)g(Digital)i(retouching)g(of)e(photos)h(to)f(mak)o(e)h(a)f (propaganda)i(point)f(\(R)f(24)g(36,)g(S)g(31)g(6:28\))1950 4901 y(.....)i Fg(Cybersecurity)1950 4980 y Fj(SH\002)d(User)h (security)l(,)i(system)e(security)l(,)h(DMCA,)e(etc.:)22 b(Edupage)c(neatly)h(juxtaposes)g(tw)o(o)2010 5058 y(items:)j(Richard)d (Clark)o(e)g(\(at)f(Black)g(Hat)g(in)f(Las)f(V)-7 b(e)o(gas\))17 b(ur)o(ges)h(hack)o(ers)g(to)g(\002nd)f(and)g(report)2010 5137 y(b)o(ugs;)g(HP)g(uses)g(DMCA)g(against)h(b)o(ug)f(\002nders)g (\(R)g(22)g(20\);)h(FTC)e(uses)h(De)n(wie)i(the)e(T)m(urtle)h(to)2010 5216 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y(*)g(Risks)g(of)g(junk)h(in)f(space)h(much)f(greater)i(than)f (pre)n(viously)i(thought)e(\(S)f(17)g(4\))1950 1014 y(*f$)g(Potential)j (softw)o(are)f(nightmare)f(for)g(International)i(Space)f(Station,)f (with)g(considerable)2010 1093 y(discussion)g(\(R)f(19)g(49-51\))1950 1172 y(*$f)g(International)k(Space)d(Station)h(softw)o(are)g(problems)f (in)f(2001)g(predicted)j(in)d(1997)h(\(S)e(26)2010 1251 y(4:4,)h(R)g(21)g(37\):)22 b(see)17 b(\(R)g(19)g(49-51\))1950 1330 y(deh$)h(Space)g(Shuttle)h(launch-pad)g(test)f(of)f(redesigned)j (fuel)d(tak)h(omitted;)h(problem)f(of)2010 1409 y(test-induced)i(f)o (ailure)g(\(R)d(24)g(28\))1950 1488 y(.....)i Fg(Space)e(Exploration,)i (Satellites,)g(Pr)o(obes,)d(Others:)1950 1566 y Fj($f)h(Hubble)h(Space) g(T)-5 b(elescope)19 b(problems,)f(soaring)g(costs,)f(missed)g (deadlines,)i(reduced)g(goals,)2010 1645 y(etc.)j(\(S)16 b(15)h(2\);)h(sensors)f(misdirected)i(because)g(of)e(wrong)g(sign)h(on) f(precession)i(in)e(star)g(data;)2010 1724 y(antenna)i(#)e(2)g(limited) i(by)e(misplaced)i(cable,)f(#1)f(limited)i(because)g(softw)o(are)f(had) g(only)f(one)2010 1803 y(limit)h(stop,)f(same)g(for)g(both)h(\(S)f(15)g (3\))f(No)h(system)g(test.)22 b(1mm)16 b(error)i(in)f(monitor)h (program)f(of)2010 1882 y(mirror)g(polisher)i(\(S)e(15)g(5\))f(See)i (M.M.)e(W)-5 b(aldrop,)17 b(Science)i(249,)e(17Aug1990,)h(pp.735-736.) 1950 1961 y(Vf/m)f(Hubble)h(Space)g(T)-5 b(elescope)19 b(antenna)h(swing)d(causes)h(shutdo)n(wn)g(\(S)f(17)g(1\))1950 2040 y(fh)g(More)g(Hubble)i(SW)n(:)d(misloaded)i(ephemeris)h(table,)f (bad)g(macro)f(\(S)g(18)g(1:24\))1950 2119 y($fhV)g($150M)h(Intelsat)h (6)e(comm)f(satellite)k(f)o(ailed;)g(booster)e(wiring)g(error)m(,)g (payload)h(in)e(wrong)2010 2197 y(bay;)h(miscommun.)j(between)e (electricians)i(and)c(programmers)h(\(S)e(15)h(3\))1950 2276 y($mV)f(Canadian)k(T)-5 b(eleSat)19 b(Aniks)e(die:)22 b(solar)c(coronal)h(hole)f(electron)h(\003ux)e(\(S)g(19)g(2:3\))g(Anik) 2010 2355 y(E-2)g(control)h(restored,)g(b)o(ut)g(with)f(shorter)h(life) g(\($203M)g(asset\))g(\(S)f(20)g(2:11\))1950 2434 y($\(f/m?\)V)h(T)-5 b(aurus)16 b(rock)o(et)j(plunges)g(into)f(Indian)g(Ocean,)g(destro)o (ying)h(Orbital)g(Imaging)2010 2513 y(satellie,)g(N)n(ASA)d(QuikT)o (OMS,)g(and)h(cremated)i(remains)f(of)f(50)f(people)j(\(S)d(27)h(1:8,)g (R)g(21)f(68\))1950 2592 y(hif)h(N)n(ASA)-7 b(')l(s)16 b(D)m(AR)l(T)h(spacecraft)j(smashes)d(into)h(satellite;)j(f)o(aulty)d (na)o(v)g(data)g(\(R)f(24)g(29,)g(S)f(31)2010 2671 y(5:16\))1950 2750 y($fhe)i(Backw)o(ard)h(gra)o(vity)f(switches:)23 b(Genesis)18 b(slammed)f(to)h(Earth)f(after)h(parachutes)i(f)o(ailed)f (\(R)2010 2828 y(24)e(33,)g(S)f(31)h(5:16\))1950 2907 y(fmV)f(SOHO)h(Mission)g(Interruption)j(Preliminary)g(Status)d(and)h (Background)h(Report)2010 2986 y(documents)f(apparently)i(unconnected)h (multiple)e(f)o(ailures)g(that)f(caused)g(the)g(satellite)i(to)e(lose) 2010 3065 y(control)h(\(R)e(19)g(87\))1950 3144 y(fhV)g(Final)h(report) g(on)f(the)h(Solar)g(and)f(Heliospheric)j(Observ)n(atory)g(\(SOHO\))c (spacecraft)2010 3223 y(f)o(ailure:)24 b(softw)o(are)18 b(\003a)o(w)f(and)h(improper)g(command)f(\(R)h(19)f(90\);)g (mis-identi\002cation)k(of)c(a)2010 3302 y(f)o(aulty)i(gyroscope,)f (staf)n(\002ng)g(problems,)g(inadequate)i(training,)f(ambitious)f (schedule,)2010 3381 y(unre)n(vie)n(wed)i(procedure)f(changes,)f(etc.)k (\(R)17 b(19)g(90,)g(94\);)g(contact)j(\002nally)e(reestablished.)24 b(\(S)2010 3459 y(24)17 b(1:31\))1950 3538 y(hm)f(5)h(printers)i(of)n (f-line)g(or)e(jammed,)g(V)-9 b(o)o(yager)19 b(1)e(data)h(lost)g(o)o(v) o(er)f(week)o(end)i(\(S)e(15)g(5\))1950 3617 y(f)g(V)-9 b(o)o(yager)19 b(2)e(softw)o(are)h(f)o(aults)h(at)e(launch,)i(20)e(Aug) g(1977)g(\(S)g(14)g(6\))1950 3696 y(V$)g(T)n(itan)g(34D,)g(Nik)o(e)h (Orion,)f(Delta-178)i(f)o(ailures)g(follo)n(w)g(Challenger)h(\(S)c(11)h (3\))1950 3775 y(V$*)g(T)n(itan)g(4)g(rock)o(et)i(test-stand)g(SRB)e(e) o(xplosion;)j(simulation)f(missed)e(f)o(ailure)i(mode)f(\(R)f(12)2010 3854 y(09,)g(S)f(16)h(4\))1950 3933 y(V\(m/f?\))22 b(Final)c(T)n(itan)f (4A)g(launch)i(e)o(xplodes)f(with)g(V)-9 b(orte)o(x)18 b(satellite;)j(total)e(cost)e(o)o(v)o(er)h($1B,)2010 4011 y(Aug)f(1998)g(\(R)g(19)g(91,)g(S)g(24)g(1:32\))1950 4090 y(mV)f(T)n(itan)i(4B)f(lea)o(v)o(es)h(missile)g(w)o(arning)g (satellite)j(in)c(useless)h(orbit)g(\(R)f(20)g(36\))1950 4169 y(Vm/f?)k(T)n(itan)d(4B)f(with)h(Milstar)g(communications)i (satellite)g(separates)f(four)e(hours)g(early)l(,)2010 4248 y(resulting)i(in)e(a)g(useless)h(lo)n(w)g(orbit,)f(30)g(Apr)g (1999)h(\(S)e(24)h(4:26,)h(R)f(19)g(36\))1950 4327 y(Vhm$)g(6)f (successi)n(v)o(e)k(Theater)e(High-Altitude)i(Area)e(Defense)g (\(THAAD\))f(f)o(ailures,)2010 4406 y(including)j(three)e(typos;)g (then)g(a)f(\223success\224)i(\(R)e(20)g(43,45\);)g(T)n(itan)h(4B)f(f)o (ailure)i(\(R)e(20)g(39\))2010 4485 y(blamed)h(on)f(shifted)i(decimal)f (point)h(in)e(upper)o(-stage)i(softw)o(are)g(\(R)e(20)g(45\))1950 4564 y(Vf,f)f(Delta)j(III)e(launch)h(ends)g(after)g(71)f(seconds)h(due) g(to)f(softw)o(are)h(\003a)o(w;)g(tw)o(o)f(weeks)h(later)m(,)2010 4642 y(Delta)g(III)f(lea)o(v)o(es)i(Loral)e(Orion)h(comm)e(satellite)21 b(in)c(useless)h(lo)n(w)f(orbit)h(4)f(May)g(1999)h(\(R)f(20)2010 4721 y(38\))1950 4800 y(Vmfh)g(Centaur/Milstar)k(upper)o(-stage)e(f)o (ailure)g(due)f(to)f(attitude-control)22 b(system)17 b(softw)o(are)i(\(R)2010 4879 y(20)e(49\);)h(roll-rate)h(\002lter)f (constant)h(.1)e(f)o(actor)h(\(-0.1992476,)g(not)g(-1.992476\))g(\(R)f (20)g(57,59\))1950 4958 y(Vm$)f(Pri)n(v)n(ate)k(imaging)e(satellite)i (Ik)o(onos)e(1)f(disappears)i(8)e(minutes)h(after)g(launch)h(\(S)d(24)h (4:26,)2010 5037 y(R)g(20)g(36\);)h(loss)e(blamed)j(on)e(an)g (electrical)k(problem)d(that)g(pre)n(v)o(ented)i(the)e(aerodynamic)2010 5116 y(payload)h(co)o(v)o(er)f(from)f(coming)h(of)n(f.)j(Subsequent)d (Ik)o(onos)g(launched)i(successfully)f(\(R)e(20)2010 5195 y(60\):)1950 5273 y(f)g(T)-5 b(erra)17 b(spacecraft)j(na)o (vigation)g(softw)o(are)e(problems)g(\(S)f(25)g(3:18,)g(R)g(20)g(78\)) 1950 5352 y(V$\(m?f?\))22 b(T)-5 b(w)o(o)16 b(satellite)k(f)o(ailures)f (\(R)e(21)h(19,)e(S)h(26)g(2:5\))1950 5431 y(Vm/f?)k(Russian)d(rock)o (et)h(blo)n(ws)f(12)f(Globalstar)i(satellites)h(\(S)d(24)g(1:32,)g(R)g (19)g(95\))1950 5510 y(V$\(f?m?\))22 b(Computer)c(blamed)g(for)f (Russian)h(rock)o(et)h(crash)f(\(R)f(21)g(18,)f(S)h(26)g(2:5\))1950 5589 y($fmmm)f(F)o(ascinating)k(historical)g(case)e(recently)h (reported)g(of)e(Russian)h(K)n(ORD)f(N-1)1929 5896 y Fk(5)p eop end %%Page: 6 6 TeXDict begin 6 5 bop -330 -90 a Fj(rock)o(et-engine)21 b(shutdo)n(wn)d(system)f(f)o(ailures,)i(1969,)e(1971,)g(1973;)h(lots)g (of)f(lessons)g(to)g(be)-330 -11 y(learned)i(\(R)e(21)g(53\))-390 68 y(h)g(Boeing)h(space)g(station)h(tanks)f(accidentally)j(tak)o(en)e (to)f(Huntsville)h(dump)e(\(R)g(20)g(83\))-390 147 y(Vh)g(Space)h (Station)h(endangered)h(by)d(N)n(ASA)f(\003ight)h(controllers')j (blunder)f(in)e(maneuv)o(ering)-330 226 y(around)h(space)g(junk;)g (predicted)i(distance)f(also)f(w)o(ay)g(of)n(f)f(\(R)g(20)g(46-47\)) -390 305 y(SH)f(Space)j(Station)g(Problem)e(Reporting)i(Database)h (hack)o(ed)f(\(R)e(20)g(47-48\))-390 383 y($Vmf)g(Space)h(Station)h (risks)e(\(R)g(21)g(14,)f(S)h(26)g(2:5\))-390 462 y(f)g(\223T)n (runcation)i(error\224)f(found)g(in)f(GPS)f(code)i(on)f(Int')o(l)i (Space)f(Station)h(\(S)d(27)h(6:6,)g(R)g(22)g(11\))-390 541 y($de)h(N)n(ASA)e(space)i(station)g(under)o(going)h(softw)o(are)g (repairs)f(for)f(500)h(of)f(1000)g(kno)n(wn)h(\003a)o(ws)e(\(R)-330 620 y(23)h(46;)h(S)e(30)h(1:10\))-390 699 y(V$ehf)h(Cana)o(v)o(eral)h (Rock)o(et)g(lost;)f(wrong)g(k)o(e)o(y)f(hit)h(in)f(loading)i(guidance) h(SW)c(\(S)h(16)g(4\))-390 778 y(df)g(N)n(ASA)f(\002nds)h(problems)h (in)f(EOSDIS)f(Earth)h(Observing)i(System)e(\(EOS\))f(spacecraft)k (\003ight)-330 857 y(operations)f(softw)o(are)g(de)n(v)o(elopment,)h(e) o(xpected)f(to)f(delay)g(launch)h(\(R)e(19)g(67\))-390 936 y(m+)g(Apollo)h(11)f(lunar)h(module,)f(pen)h(used)f(to)h(replace)h (circuit)g(break)o(er)g(\(S)e(18)g(3:A14\))-390 1014 y(Vr*)g(Lightning)h(hits)g(Apollo)g(12.)j("Major)d(system)f(upsets,)g (minor)g(damage".)22 b(See)c(article)h(by)-330 1093 y(Uman)e(and)g (Krider)m(,)h(Science)h(27)f(Oct)f(1989,)g(pp.)k(457-464.)g(\(S)c(15)g (1\))-390 1172 y(V$m)f(Lightning)j(changed)g(Atlas-Centaur)h(program)e (\(51)f(sec\).)k($160M)d(lost)f(\(S)g(12)g(3,)f(15)h(1\))-390 1251 y(@V*$m)g(Lightning)h(hits)g(launch)h(pad,)e(launches)i(3)e (missiles)g(at)h(W)-5 b(allops)17 b(Island)h(\(S)f(12)g(3\))-390 1330 y(V$f)g(Mariner)h(1)f(V)-7 b(enus)17 b(probe:)22 b(HW)17 b(f)o(ault)h(plus)g(programmer)g(missed)f(superscript)i(bar)e (in)g(`R)-330 1409 y(dot)g(bar)h(sub)f(n'.)j(See)e(P)o(aul)f(Ceruzzi,)i (Be)o(yond)f(the)g(Limits)f(\226)g(Flight)h(Enters)g(the)g(Computer) -330 1488 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y(\003oating)i(to)e(16-bit)h(signed)g(caused)g (Operand)h(Error)d(\(R)i(18)f(27-29,45,47\);)h(Note:)k(Matra)-330 2828 y(made)17 b(softw)o(are)i(for)e(Ariane5)i(and)e(T)-5 b(aipei)18 b(subw)o(ay)g(system)f(\(S)g(21)g(5:15\);)h(Incidentally)l (,)-330 2907 y(Robert)g(L.)e(Baber)m(,)i(Uni)n(v)l(.)j(W)m(itw)o (atersrand,)f(Johannesb)o(ur)o(g,)e(suggests)g(you)f(bro)n(wse)-330 2986 y(http://www)l(.cs.wits.ac.za/)k(bob/ariane5.htm)f(\226)d(sho)n (wing)h(ho)n(w)f(a)g(simple)h(correctness)-330 3065 y(proof)f(could)i (ha)o(v)o(e)e(a)o(v)o(oided)i(this)e(problem.)22 b(\(R)17 b(18)g(89-91\))-390 3144 y(*Mm)g(Cosmic)g(rays)g(hit)h(TDRS,)e (Challenger)k(comm)d(halv)o(ed)h(for)f(14hrs)h([8Oct1984]\(S)g(10)g (1\))-390 3223 y($Mr)f(Sunspot)h(acti)n(vity:)24 b(1979)18 b(Sk)o(ylab)g(satellite)i(dragged)f(out)e(of)g(orbit)h(\(S)f(13)g(4\)) -390 3302 y(hM)g(1989)g(pulsar)h(disco)o(v)o(ery)h(no)n(w)e(attrib)o (uted)j(to)e(TV)e(camera)i(interference)j(\(S)16 b(16)h(3\))-390 3381 y(V$hfe)g(So)o(viet)h(Phobos)e(I)g(Mars)h(probe)g(lost)g(\(Sep)g (1988\):)k(f)o(aulty)d(SW)e(update)i(\(S)e(13)g(4\);)h(cost)g(to)-330 3459 y(USSR)g(300M)g(rubles)h(\(A)-5 b(viation)19 b(W)-5 b(eek,)17 b(13)g(Feb)g(89\);)h(disorientation)j(brok)o(e)d(radio)g (link,)-330 3538 y(dischar)o(ged)h(solar)f(batteries)h(before)g (reacquisition.)24 b([)p Fi(Science)o(,)c Fj(16Sep1988])e(More)g(on) -330 3617 y(Phobos)f(1)g(and)h(2)e(computer)j(f)o(ailures)g(\(S)e(14)g (6\))-390 3696 y(V$?)k(So)o(viets)d(lose)g(contact)h(with)f(Phobos)f (II)g(Mars)g(probe.)22 b(Automatic)d(reorientation)i(of)-330 3775 y(antenna)e(back)f(to)n(w)o(ard)h(earth)f(f)o(ailed.)23 b(\(S)17 b(14)g(2\))-390 3854 y(V$f)g(1971)g(So)o(viet)i(Mars)e (orbiter)h(f)o(ailed)i(after)e("unfor)o(gi)n(v)n(able")j(SW)16 b(b)o(ug;)h(ne)n(w)h(info)f(\(S)g(16)g(3\))-390 3933 y(f)g(Assessment)g(of)g(predictions)j(on)d(the)g(Russian)h(Mars)f (Probe)h(crash)g(site)g(\(S)e(22)h(2:22\))-390 4011 y(V$fm)g(1993)g 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(\002le)g(system)g(continual)j(gro)n(wth)e(design)-330 4721 y(o)o(v)o(ersight)h(\(R)e(23)g(51\))g([\223Spirit)i(w)o(as)e (willing,)i(b)o(ut)e(its)g(\003ash)g(w)o(as)g(weak.)-5 b(\224)22 b(Jim)17 b(Grif)n(\002th,)h(R)f(23)-330 4800 y(17])-390 4879 y(dfe)g(More)h(on)f(N)n(ASA)f(Spirit)i(and)g (MS-DOS/VxW)-5 b(orks)17 b(F)-5 b(A)e(T)15 b(system)j(\(R)f(23)g (51,52;)g(S)g(30)-330 4958 y(1:10\))-390 5037 y(V$fm)g(Mars)g(Climate)i (Orbiter)f(lost,)f(dipped)i(too)e(close)h(to)f(Mars)h(due)f(to)g (English/Metric)-330 5116 y(confusion;)i(Mars)e(Polar)h(Lander)g (reprogrammed)g(to)f(report)i(back)f(directly)h(on)e(3)g(Dec)h(1999) -330 5195 y(\(R)f(20)g(59-62\);)h(Mars)f(Lander)h(then)g(lost)g (entirely)h(on)e(landing)i(attempt,)f(search)h(abandoned)-330 5273 y(after)f(a)f(month.)k(Crash)d(\002nally)g(blamed)g(on)f(softw)o (are)i(shutting)g(engines)f(of)n(f)g(prematurely)-330 5352 y(\(R)f(20)g(84,86\))-390 5431 y(+)g(Mars)g(Odysse)o(y)g(probe)h (maneuv)o(er)h(brak)o(ed)f(successfully)i(in)d(orbit,)h(22)f(Oct)g (2001)h(\(S)e(27)h(1:8,)-330 5510 y(R)g(21)g(71\))-390 5589 y(m$)f(Japan')l(s)j(Mars)e(probe)h(Nozomi)f(goes)g(of)n(f)h (course)g(\(R)f(23)g(07;)g(S)g(29)g(2:9\))1950 -90 y(m+/-)g(Pioneer)i (10)e(still)h(ali)n(v)o(e,)h(sort)e(of,)g(30)g(years)g(later)i(\(R)e (22)g(44\))1950 -11 y(f+)g(Cassini-Huygens)j(mission)d(to)g(land)h(on)f (Saturn')l(s)h(moon,)f(T)n(itan)g(succeeded;)j(softw)o(are)2010 68 y(\003a)o(w)d(detected)j(and)d(\002x)o(ed)h(\(R)f(23)g(65,67;)g(S)g (30)g(2:17\))1950 147 y($h)g(Loss)f(of)h(data)h(from)f(the)h(Huygens)f (Probe:)22 b(one)c(comm)f(channel)i(not)e(turned)i(on)e(\(R)g(23)g(67;) 2010 226 y(S)g(30)g(3:22\))1950 305 y($f/h?)22 b(N)n(ASA)16 b(HESSI)g(shak)o(e)i(test)g(10)f(times)h(too)f(strong,)h(damaging)g (spacecraft)i(\(S)d(25)g(3:15,)2010 383 y(R)g(20)g(86\))1950 462 y($f)g(Sea)g(Launch)h(rock)o(et)h(drops)e(satellite)k(into)c(P)o (aci\002c)i(Ocean)f(\(S)f(25)g(3:15,)g(R)g(20)g(84,86\);)2010 541 y(single)h(line)h(of)d(code)i(allo)n(wed)i(launch)e(with)g (second-stage)i(v)n(alv)o(e)e(open,)g(causing)g(helium)2010 620 y(leak)g(\(R)f(20)g(97\))1950 699 y(Vfm$)g(Electronics)i(startup)f (transient)i(opened)e(telescope)i(co)o(v)o(er)e(prematurely)l(,)h (destro)o(ying)2010 778 y(W)m(ide)f(Field)g(Infrared)g(Explorer)g (\(WIRE\))f(spacecraft)j(\(R)d(20)g(47-48\))1950 857 y(V$m)f($1.4B)i(Galileo)h(antenna)g(jammed,)e(en)g(route)h(to)g (Jupiter)g(\(S)f(18)g(4:11\))1950 936 y(V$m)f(Landsat)i(6)f(v)n (anishes;)i(space)f(junk)g(track)o(ed)h(by)f(mistak)o(e)g(\(S)f(19)g (1:10\))1950 1014 y(V$f)g(Magellan)i(space)f(softw)o(are)h(problems:)j (serious)17 b(design)h(\003a)o(w)f(\002x)o(ed)h(\(S)e(14)h(5\))g (Nonatomic)2010 1093 y(setting)i(of)e(scheduled)i(and)e(acti)n(v)o(e)j (\003ags)d(interrupted.)24 b(See)17 b(H.S.F)-5 b(.)15 b(Cooper)m(,)j(Jr)l(.,)e(The)2010 1172 y(Ev)o(ening)i(Star:)k(V)-7 b(enus)17 b(Observ)o(ed,)h(F)o(arrar)g(Straus)f(Giroux,)h(1993.)j (Discussion)d(in)f(J.M.)2010 1251 y(Rushby)l(,)g(SRI-CSL-95-01.)1950 1330 y($m)f(Magellan)k(spacecraft)g(manual)e(guidance)h(o)o(v)o (ercomes)g(f)o(aulty)f(computer)h(chip)f(\(S)f(15)g(2\))1950 1409 y(V*h)g(So)o(yuz)h(Spacecraft)i(reentry)f(f)o(ailed,)f(based)g(on) f(wrong)g(descent)i(program,)e(\(orbiting)2010 1488 y(module)h(had)f (been)h(jettisoned,)i(precluding)g(redocking\))f(\(S)e(13)g(4\))1950 1566 y(*fh)g(Softw)o(are)i(b)o(ug)e(in)g(autopilot)j(on)d(return)h (sends)f(So)o(yuz)h(of)n(f)g(course)g(\(R)f(22)g(72,74,78;)g(S)g(28) 2010 1645 y(4:6,)g(S)g(28)g(6:7\))1950 1724 y(V$fe)g(V)l(iking)h(had)g (a)f(misaligned)i(antenna)g(due)f(to)f(a)g(f)o(aulty)i(code)f(patch)h (\(S)d(9)h(5\))1950 1803 y(*f)g(Ozone)h(hole)g(o)o(v)o(er)f(South)h (Pole)g(observ)o(ed,)g(rejected)i(by)d(SW)f(for)h(8)g(years)g(\(S)g(11) g(5\))1950 1882 y(?)k(Global-w)o(arming)f(data)e(confusion)h(\(R)e(19)g (91-92\))1950 1961 y(@Vfm)g(Channel)h(block)o(ed,)h(Disco)o(v)o(ery)g (runs)e(out)g(of)g(storage)i(for)e(ozone)h(data)g(\(S)f(18)g(3:A14\)) 1950 2040 y(*)g(Continuing)i(trend)f(to)n(w)o(ard)h(e)o(xpert)g (systems)e(in)g(N)n(ASA)f(\(S)h(14)g(2\))1950 2119 y(f)g(SW)f(b)o(ug)h (on)g(T)o(OPEX/Poseidon)g(spacecraft)j("roll)e(momentum)f(wheel)h (saturated")i(alarm)2010 2197 y(aborted)f(maneuv)o(er)l(.)j(It)17 b(w)o(as)h(reco)o(v)o(erable,)i(ho)n(we)n(v)o(er)l(.)j(\(S)16 b(18)h(1:24\))2010 2411 y Fl(1.4)99 b(Defense)2010 2535 y Fj(V!hhh)17 b(U.S.)f(F-15s)h(tak)o(e)h(out)g(U.S.)e(Black)i(Ha)o(wks) f(o)o(v)o(er)h(Iraq)f(in)h(Friendly)g(Fire;)g(26)f(killed,)2010 2613 y(attrib)o(uted)j(to)d(coincidence)k(of)c(man)o(y)g(human)g (errors.)22 b(\(Other)17 b(cases)h(of)f(friendly)i(\002re)2010 2692 y(included)g(24\045)f(of)f(those)g(killed)i(in)f(the)f(Gulf)h(W)-5 b(ar)l(.\))20 b(\(S)d(19)g(3:4\))h(According)h(to)e(a)g(seemingly)2010 2771 y(reliable)j(pri)n(v)n(ate)g(correspondent)f(who)e(has)g(read)h (through)h(at)e(least)i(62)e(v)o(olumes)g(of)2010 2850 y(in)m(v)o(estigation)k(reports,)c(the)h(public)h(w)o(as)e(seriously)i (misled)e(on)g(this)h(situation)h(and)f(there)2010 2929 y(w)o(as)f(a)g(considerable)k(co)o(v)o(er)o(-up.)h(F)o(or)16 b(no)n(w)l(,)h(contact)i(me)e(if)g(you)h(w)o(ant)g(further)g (background.)1950 3008 y(!!$rhi)g(Iran)f(Air)g(655)g(Airb)o(us)g(shot)g (do)n(wn)g(by)g(USS)f(V)l(incennes')j(missiles)f(\(290)f(dead\);)h (Human)2010 3087 y(error)g(plus)f(confusing)i(and)e(incomplete)j(Ae)o (gis)d(interf)o(ace)k(\(S)16 b(13)h(4\);)h(Commentary)g(on)f(T)-5 b(om)2010 3165 y(W)m(ick)o(er)19 b(article)g(on)e(V)l(incennes)i(and)f (SDI)e(\(S)h(13)g(4\);)g(Ae)o(gis)h(user)f(interf)o(ace)k(changes)2010 3244 y(recommended;)e(altitude,)h(IFF)c(problems)i(\(S)f(14)g(1\);)g (Analysis)h(implicates)i(Ae)o(gis)d(displays)2010 3323 y(and)h(cre)n(w)g(\(Aerospace)h(America,)e(Apr)g(1989\);)h(Discussion)g (of)f(further)i(intrinsic)2010 3402 y(limitations)h(\(Matt)e(Jaf)n(fe,) g(S)e(14)h(5,)g(R)f(8)h(74\);)h(USS)e(Sides)i(Cmdr)f(Da)o(vid)g (Carlson)i(questions)2010 3481 y(attack)g(on)e(Iranian)i(jet)f(\(S)f (14)g(6\))1950 3560 y(!!$rfe)h(Iraqi)g(Scud)f(hit)h(Dhahran)g(barracks) h(\(28)e(dead,)h(98)f(w)o(ounded\);)i(not)e(detected)j(by)d(P)o(atriot) 2010 3639 y(defenses;)i(clock)f(drifted)h(.36)e(sec.)k(in)c(4-day)h (continuous)h(sie)o(ge,)e(due)h(to)f(SW)f(\003a)o(w)l(,)2010 3718 y(pre)n(v)o(enting)k(real-time)f(tracking.)k(Spec)18 b(called)h(for)e(aircraft)j(speeds,)d(not)g(mach)h(6,)e(only)2010 3796 y(14-hour)h(continuous)i(performance,)f(not)f(100.)k(P)o(atched)d (SW)e(arri)n(v)o(ed)i(via)g(air)f(1)f(day)h(later)h(\(S)2010 3875 y(16)f(3;)g(A)-6 b(WST)16 b(10Jun91)i(p.25-26\);)g(Shutdo)n(wn)g (and)g(reboot)g(might)f(ha)o(v)o(e)h(a)o(v)o(erted)h(Scud)2010 3954 y(disaster)g(\(S)d(16)h(4\))g(P)o(atriot)i(missiles)f(misled)f(by) g(`accidental')k(deco)o(ys;)e(T)-5 b(.A.)16 b(Postol)h(report)2010 4033 y(\(S)g(17)f(2\);)i(summary)e(of)h(clock)i(drift,)e(etc.)22 b(GA)l(O/IMTEC-92-26,)17 b(February)h(1992)g(\(S)e(17)h(2\);)2010 4112 y(reprisals)h(against)g(Postol)g(for)e(his)h(whistleblo)n(wing)j (\(R)d(13)f(32,)h(S)f(17)g(2\);)i(Army)e(do)n(wngrades)2010 4191 y(success)i(to)f(about)h(10\045)g(rather)g(than)g(80\045)f([4)g (out)h(of)f(47)g(hits])g(\(R)g(13)h(37,)e(S)h(17)g(2,)f(17)h(3\);)h(A) 2010 4270 y(retrospecti)n(v)o(e)j(analysis)e(\(in)e(Italian\))i(by)e (Die)o(go)h(Latella)h(\(R)e(24)g(41,)g(S)g(31)g(6:26\))1950 4349 y(GA)l(O)g(report)h(documents)g(clock)h(problem)f(in)f(detail)i (\(S)e(17)g(3\))g(24-bit)h(and)g(48-bit)2010 4427 y(representations)j (of)c(.1)f(used)h(interchangeably)22 b(\(S)17 b(18)g(1:25\))1950 4506 y($\(m/f?\))22 b(T)-5 b(w)o(o)16 b(of)h(three)h(P)o(atriot)h (missiles)f(f)o(ailed)h(\(R)e(21)g(92\))1950 4585 y(!m/f/h)h(Friendly)g (Fire:)k(P)o(atriot)d(softw)o(are)g(again)f(a)f(concern:)23 b(shoots)18 b(do)n(wn)f(British)i(T)-5 b(ornado)2010 4664 y(GR4)17 b(near)h(Iraq/K)o(uw)o(ait)i(border)e(\(R)f(22)g (65-67\);)h(more)f(discussion)h(\(R)f(22)g(67-70\);)2010 4743 y(confusions)h(with)g(numbers)f(\(R)g(22)g(69-70\);)i(Ae)o(gis)e (\(R)g(22)g(71\))1950 4822 y(!!$hV)g(Russian)h(airliner)i(shot)d(do)n (wn)g(by)g(Ukrainian)j(missile)d(in)h(errant)g(test;)h(earlier)2010 4901 y(Ukrainian)g(missile)f(test)g(killed)h(four)e(people)i(in)e(an)g (apartment)j(block)e(\(S)e(27)h(1:8,)g(R)g(21)g(69\))1950 4980 y(*f)g(P)o(atriot)i(system)e(f)o(ails)h(again)g(\(S)f(25)g(3:18,)g (R)g(20)g(85\))1950 5058 y(!mhi)g(Report)h(on)f(P)o(atriot)i(missile)f (friendly)h(\002re)e(o)o(v)o(er)h(Iraq)f(on)g(2)g(Apr)g(2003;)h(plane)g (mistak)o(en)2010 5137 y(for)f(hostile)i(missile)f(\(R)f(23)g(72;)g(S)g (30)g(3:23\))1950 5216 y(*f)g(Softw)o(are)i(snafu)e(slo)n(wed)h (critical)i(data)e(during)h(Iraq)e(raid)h(\(S)f(24)g(3:25,)g(R)g(20)g (23\))1950 5295 y(!!V$h?)22 b(Shef)n(\002eld)c(sunk)g(during)g(F)o (alklands)g(w)o(ar)m(,)g(20)f(killed.)22 b(Call)d(to)e(London)g (hindered)2010 5374 y(antimissile)i(defenses)g(on)e(same)g(frequenc)o (y?)23 b([AP)17 b(16May1986]\(R)i(2)e(53,)g(S)f(11)h(3\))g(An)2010 5453 y(\223of)n(\002cial\224)j(v)o(ersion)e(disputes)h(this)e (conclusion)j(\226)c(see)i(\223The)f(Ro)o(yal)i(Na)o(vy)e(and)g(the)h (F)o(alkland)2010 5532 y(Islands\224)g(by)f(Da)o(vid)h(Bro)n(wn,)f (written)i(at)f(the)f(request)i(of)e(the)g(Ro)o(yal)i(Na)o(vy)l(.)h(P)o (age)e(159)f(of)2010 5610 y(that)h(report)g(discusses)g(another)h (problem)f(with)g(the)f(Sea)h(W)-5 b(olf)17 b(system,)f(occurring)k(se) n(v)o(eral)1929 5896 y Fk(6)p eop end %%Page: 7 7 TeXDict begin 7 6 bop -330 -90 a Fj(days)17 b(later)l(.)-390 -11 y(@SVf$)g(Ro)o(yal)i(Na)o(vy)e(battle)i(softw)o(are)g(unsafe;)f (whistle-blo)n(wer)i(\002red)e(\(R)f(23)g(56\))-390 68 y(!V$)g(British)h(F)o(alklands)h(helicopter)h(do)n(wned)f(by)e(British) h(missile.)k(4)16 b(dead)i(\(S)f(12)g(1\))-390 147 y(!\002)g(Softw)o (are)h(problem)g(in)g(Adv)n(anced)h(Field)f(Artillery)h(T)-5 b(actical)20 b(Data)e(System)f(kills)h(soldiers)-330 226 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b(soldier)o(-of-the-future)22 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(27\))1950 699 y(*f)g(Sgt)g(Y)-7 b(ork)17 b(\(DIV)-9 b(AD\))17 b (radar/anti-aircraft)23 b(gun)17 b(\226)g(softw)o(are)h(problems)g(\(S) f(11)g(5\))1950 778 y($f)g(Softw)o(are)i(\003a)o(w)e(in)g (submarine-launched)k(ballistic)f(missile)e(system)f(\(S)g(10)g(5\)) 1950 857 y(V$f)g(AEGIS)f(f)o(ailures)j(on)e(6)g(of)g(17)g(tar)o(gets)h (attrib)o(uted)i(to)e(softw)o(are)g(\(S)f(11)g(5\))1950 936 y(Vf)g(WWMCCS)f(computers')j(comm)d(reboot)j(f)o(ailed)g(by)e (block)o(ed)i(multiple)g(logins)f(\(S)f(11)g(5\))1950 1014 y($)g(WWMCCS)f(modernization)21 b(dif)n(\002culties)f(\(S)c(15)h (1\))1950 1093 y(*$f)g(Gulf)g(W)-5 b(ar)17 b(DSN)g(20-30\045)g(call)i (completion)g(persists)f(3)f(mos.)j(until)e(SW)f(patch)h(\(S)f(17)g (4\))1950 1172 y($f)g(Armored)g(Combat)h(Earthmo)o(v)o(er)g(18,000)g (hr)f(tests)g(missed)g(serious)h(problems)g(\(S)f(11)g(5\))1950 1251 y($r\002)g(Stinger)h(missile)g(too)g(hea)o(vy)g(to)f(carry)l(,)g 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y(f)g(C-130)g(testbed)i(unco)o(v)o(ers)g(25-yr)o(-old)f(di)n (vide-by-zero)j(b)o(ug)16 b(in)i(X-31)f(SW)f(\(S)h(16)g(3\))-390 5216 y(*Vmf)g(X-31)g(crash,)g(19)g(Jan)g(1995)h(\(R)f(17)g (45,46,47,60,62;)g(60=Pete)i(Mellor\))-390 5295 y(V\(f?\))i(Unplanned)e (360-de)o(gree)h(roll)e(of)f(N)n(ASA)-7 b(')l(s)16 b(X-38)h(in)g(test)h (\(R)f(21)g(10\))-390 5374 y(*VM)g(US)f(missile-w)o(arning)k(radar)e (triggers)h(accidental)i(e)o(xplosions)d(in)g(friendly)h(aircraft;)-330 5453 y(radar)f(must)f(be)g(turned)h(of)n(f)g(when)f(planes)i(land!)j (\(S)16 b(14)h(2\))-390 5532 y(*)g(AF)f(P)-6 b(A)d(VE)16 b(P)-6 b(A)g(WS)16 b(radar)i(can)g(trigger)h(ejection)h(seats,)d (\002re)g(e)o(xtinguishers)j(\(S)d(15)g(1\))-390 5610 y(!$h)g(1988)h(RAF)e(T)-5 b(ornados)18 b(collided,)h(killing)g(4;)e (\003ying)h(on)f(same)g(cassette!)23 b(\(S)17 b(15)g(3\))1950 -90 y(V$ef)g(DarkStar)i(unmanned)f(aerial)h(v)o(ehicle)h(\(U)m(A)-9 b(V\))17 b(crash)g(from)g(softw)o(are)i(change,)f(cost)2010 -11 y($39M)f(\(S)g(22)g(1:17-18\))1950 68 y($V\(f?m?\))22 b(Helios)c(solar)o(-po)n(wered)h(remote-controlled)j(\003ying)17 b(wing)h(with)g($10M)f(fuel-cell)2010 147 y(system)g(lost)h(in)f(P)o (aci\002c)h(after)h(se)n(v)o(ere)f(oscillations;)j(pre)n(viously)e(had) f(set)f(altitude)j(record)e(of)2010 226 y(100,000)f(feet)i(\(R)e(22)g (80,)f(S)h(28)g(6:9\))1950 305 y(mM?)g(Air)g(F)o(orce)h(bombs)f(Geor)o (gia)h(\226)f(stray)g(electromagnetic)22 b(interference?)j(\(S)17 b(14)g(5,)g(R)f(8)h(72\))1950 383 y(*hme,)g(etc.)k(Na)o(vigation,)e (GPS,)d(and)i(risks)f(of)g(\003ying)g(\(R)g(19)g(73,75,77\);)h (Implications)i(of)d(the)2010 462 y(U.S.)f(Na)o(vy)h(no)g(longer)h (teaching)i(celestial)g(na)o(vigation)f(\(R)e(19)g(75,77-79,81-82\)) 1950 541 y(*$VSf)g(GPS)f(vulnerabilities)22 b(need)c(attention,)i(with) d(increasingly)k(critical)f(dependence)g(on)2010 620 y(continuous)f(functionality;)j(see)17 b(Dept)h(of)f(T)n(ransportation) i(report)f(\(R)f(21)g(67\))1950 699 y(-)g(U.S.)e(National)20 b(Geospatial-Intelligen)q(ce)j(Agenc)o(y)18 b(\(NGA\))f(proposes)h(to)f (withdra)o(w)h(all)2010 778 y(aeronautical)j(data)d(and)g(products)g (from)f(public)i(distrib)o(ution)g(\(R)e(23)g(91\))1950 857 y(*+/-?)22 b(US)17 b(Na)o(vy)g(to)g(drop)h(paper)g(charts)g(in)f(f) o(a)o(v)o(or)h(of)f(global)h(online)h(digital)g(database)g(\(R)e(24) 2010 936 y(01,02\))2010 1149 y Fl(1.6)99 b(Commer)n(cial)25 b(A)-10 b(viation)2010 1273 y Fj(hi)17 b(Cre)n(w)h(reliance)i(on)d (automation)i(cited)g(as)e(\223T)-5 b(op)17 b(Risk\224)h(in)f(future)h (aircraft)i(\(R)d(21)g(35\))1950 1351 y(.....)i(Commercial)g(\003ight)e (incidents)1950 1430 y(!!hi)h(Comair)f(5191,)g(27)g(Aug)g(2006:)22 b(T)-5 b(axiw)o(ay)18 b(altered)i(before)e(K)n(entuck)o(y)h(jet)f (crash;)g(only)g(one)2010 1509 y(controller)i(on)d(duty)h(\(R)f(24)g (41,)f(S)h(31)g(6:22\))1950 1588 y(!!$V\(hi?\))22 b(K)n(orean)c (Airlines)h(KAL)d(007)h(shot)g(do)n(wn)h(killing)h(269)e([1Sept1983];)j (autopilot)f(on)2010 1667 y(HDG)d(246)i(rather)g(than)g(INER)l(TIAL)e (N)n(A)-9 b(V?)17 b(\(NYRe)n(vie)n(w)i(25)e(Apr)g(85;)g(SEN)f(9)h(1,)g (10)g(3:6,)2010 1746 y(12)g(1\))g(or)g(espionage)i(mission?)j(\(R.W)-6 b(.)16 b(Johnson,)h("Shootdo)n(wn"\))h(Further)h(information)2010 1825 y(from)e(So)o(viets,)h(residual)g(questions)h(\(S)e(16)g(3\);)g (Zuye)n(v)h(reports)g(Arctic)g(gales)g(had)g(knock)o(ed)2010 1904 y(out)f(k)o(e)o(y)h(So)o(viet)h(radars;)f(Ober)o(g)f(belie)n(v)o (ed)j(Sakhalin)f(air)f(defense)h(forces)e(were)2010 1982 y("trigger)o(-happ)o(y")j(follo)n(wing)g(earlier)f(US)d(Na)o(vy)h (aircraft)j(o)o(v)o(er\003ight)f(incursions)f([Reuters)2010 2061 y(2Jan1993];)h(Analysis)f(of)f(recent)i(articles)g(on)e(KAL)f(007) h(\(Ladkin,)h(R)f(18)g(44\))1950 2140 y(!!Vfe)g(K)n(orean)h(Airlines)g (KAL)e(901)h(accident)j(in)d(Guam,)f(killing)j(225)e(of)f(254;)i(w)o (orldwide)h(b)o(ug)2010 2219 y(disco)o(v)o(ered)g(in)f(barometric)h (altimetry)g(in)f(Ground)f(Proximity)h(W)-5 b(arning)18 b(System)f(\(GPWS\))2010 2298 y(\(S)g(23)g(1:11,)g(R)g(19)g(37-38\)) 1950 2377 y(!!Vm)f(Alaska)i(Airlines)g(\003ight)g(261,)e(31)h(Jan)g (2000,)f(do)o(v)o(e)i(into)f(P)o(aci\002c)h(Ocean)g(after)g(jackscre)n (w)2010 2456 y(f)o(ailure)h(in)f(stabilizer)i(assembly;)e(hearing)h (results)f(sho)n(w)f(loss)g(of)g(paper)h(trail)g(\(R)f(21)h(15\))1950 2535 y(!!V\(m?h?\))k(TW)-8 b(A)16 b(Flight)i(800)f(missile-test)i (accident)h(hypothesis)f(causing)f(near)o(-empty)2010 2613 y(fuel-tank)h(e)o(xplosion)g(of)n(f)f(Long)e(Island)i(widely)h (circulated)h(in)e(Internet)h(e-mail,)f(causing)2010 2692 y(considerable)i(\003ap.)h(Missile)d(theory)h(of)n(\002cially)g (discredited.)24 b(Minire)n(vie)n(w)c(of)d(James)2010 2771 y(Sander')l(s)h Fi(The)g(Downing)g(of)f(TW)l(A)f(Flight)i(800)g Fj(\(R)f(19)g(12\);)g(speculati)n(v)o(e)k(discussion)d(on)f(the)2010 2850 y(do)n(wning)h(of)f(TW)-8 b(A)16 b(800)h(\(R)g(19)g(13\);)h (possibility)i(of)c(EMI)h(raised)h(in)f(article)j(by)d(Elaine)2010 2929 y(Scarry)l(,)g Fi(Ne)o(w)h(Y)-6 b(ork)17 b(Re)o(vie)o(w)h(of)g (Books,)e Fj(9)h(Apr)g(1998)g(\(R)g(19)g(64-66\).)22 b Fi(Harvar)n(d)16 b(Ma)o(gazine)2010 3008 y Fj(Jul-Aug)i(1998,)f(pp.)j (11-12,)d(diagram)i(sho)n(ws)e(TW)-8 b(A)16 b(800)h(at)g(13,700)h(feet) g(between)h(a)e(P3)2010 3087 y(Orion)h(directly)h(o)o(v)o(erhead)g(at)f (20,000)f(feet,)h(Black)g(Ha)o(wk)f(helicopter)k(and)c(HC-130)h(at)2010 3165 y(3,000)f(feet)h(both)g(directly)h(belo)n(w)g(\(with)e(a)h(C-141)f (and)h(C-10)f(nearby\).)22 b(But)c(this)f(seems)2010 3244 y(unlik)o(ely)l(.)23 b(\(R)17 b(19)g(86\))g(Report)i(by)e(the)g (late)i(Commander)f(W)m(illiam)g(S.)f(Donaldson)h(III,)f(USN)2010 3323 y(Ret.,)g(17)g(July)g(1998,)g(claiming)j(a)d(hostile)h(missile)g (attack,)h(with)f(radar)g(tracks,)g(etc.)2010 3402 y(http://www)l(.tw)o (a800.com/inde)o(x.htm.)1950 3481 y(!!V$rh)f(Air)g(Ne)n(w)h(Zealand)g (crashed)h(into)f(Mt)f(Ereb)o(us,)f(killing)j(257)e([28No)o(v1979];)i (computer)2010 3560 y(course)f(data)g(error)g(detected)i(b)o(ut)d 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y(though)e(\(S)f(16)g(4\))g(Ex-Boeing)h(e)o(xpert)h(had)e(w)o (arned)i(of)e(softw)o(are)h(\003a)o(w)f(in)g(747/767)2010 4270 y(proximity)i(switch)f(electronics)i(unit;)e(he)g(claims)g(he)f(w) o(as)g(ordered)i(to)e(suppress)g(data.)22 b(\(S)17 b(17)2010 4349 y(1\))1950 4427 y(!!Vhifmr)g(Northwest)i(Air)e(\003ight)h(255)f (computer)h(f)o(ailed)i(to)d(w)o(arn)h(MD80)f(cre)n(w)h(of)e(unset)i (\003aps)2010 4506 y(misset,)f(thrust)h(indicator)i(wrong;)d(156)h (dead)g(\(S)e(12)h(4;2\);)h(circuit)i(break)o(er)f(do)n(wned)f(the)2010 4585 y(w)o(arning)h(system)e(that)h(should)g(ha)o(v)o(e)f(detected)j (those)e(problems.)j([But)d(who)f(checks)h(the)2010 4664 y(check)o(er?])24 b(Simulator)m(,)19 b(plane)f(beha)o(v)o(e)g(dif)n (ferently)j(\(S)16 b(13)h(1\);)h(Report)g(blames)g(pilot)g(error)m(,) 2010 4743 y(unattrib)o(uted)i(circuit)g(outage)e(\(S)f(13)g(3\);)g (Report)i(that)f(the)g(same)f(pilots)h(had)g(intentionally)2010 4822 y(disconnected)i(the)e(alarm)g(on)f(another)i(MD-80)e(tw)o(o)g (days)h(before)g(raises)g(suspicions)g(\(S)f(14)2010 4901 y(5,)f(R)h(08)g(65\);)h(NW)e(sues)h(CAE)g(o)o(v)o(er)g(spec)h (error)g(in)f(\003ight)h(training)h(simulator)f(\(S)f(15)g(5\);)h(A) 2010 4980 y(Federal)h(jury)e(ruled)h(on)g(8)e(May)i(91)f(that)h(the)g (cre)n(w)g(w)o(as)f(to)g(blame.)1950 5058 y(!!V$mf/h/i?)23 b(British)18 b(Midland)h(737)e(crash,)h(47)f(killed,)h(74)f(seriously)i (injured;)g(right)f(engine)2010 5137 y(erroneously)g(shut)f(of)n(f)g (in)f(response)i(to)e(smok)o(e,)h(vibration)i(\(Flight)e(International) k(1)16 b(Apr)g(89\);)2010 5216 y(suspected)j(crosswiring)f(detected)i (in)e(man)o(y)f(O)m(THER)f(planes)i(\(S)f(14)g(2\);)g(lo)n (w-probability)l(,)2010 5295 y(high-consequence)k(accidents)f(\(S)d(14) g(5\);)g(random)g(memory)g(initialization)23 b(in)17 b(\003ight)2010 5374 y(management)i(computers)f(\(S)f(14)g(5\);)g(K)n (e)o(gw)o(orth)i(M1)e(air)h(crash)g(inquest:)k(man)o(y)2010 5453 y(impro)o(v)o(ements)c(suggested)h(\(S)d(15)h(3\);)g(Criticism)h (of)f("glass)g(cockpits")i(\(S)e(15)f(3\);)h(UK)g(AAIB)2010 5532 y(\002ngers)g(737-400)h(liquid)h(crystal)g(display)f(layouts)h (\(S)d(16)h(3,)g(R)g(11)g(42\);)g(no)n(w-retired)j(British)2010 5610 y(vicar)e(Re)n(v)o(erend)i(Leslie)e(Robinson)g(claims)g(a)f (witches')i(co)o(v)o(en)f(w)o(as)f(operating)j(under)d(the)1929 5896 y Fk(8)p eop end %%Page: 9 9 TeXDict begin 9 8 bop -330 -90 a Fj(\003ight)18 b(path)g(\(R)f(20)g (12\))-390 -11 y(!hi)g(B747)h(freighter)h(crash)f(on)f(tak)o(eof)n(f)i (from)e(No)o(v)n(a)h(Scotia;)h(data)f(from)f(pre)n(vious)i(\003ight)f (used;)-330 68 y(all)g(7)f(aboard)h(killed)h(\(R)e(24)g(34,)g(S)f(31)h (5:16-17\))-390 147 y(!!mhi)g(Cockpit)i(confusion)g(found)e(in)h (Cypriot)g(airliner)i(crash,)d(resulting)i(in)e(cabin)-330 226 y(depressurization)k(and)c(121)h(dead)g(\(R)f(24)g(03,05,07;)g(S)g (30)g(6:13\))h(\(The)f(aircraft)i(w)o(as)e(a)-330 305 y(Boeing)h(737,)f(rather)i(than)f(the)g(incorrectly)i(reported)f 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b(crisis)i(of)f(con\002dence?)24 b(Phuk)o(et)18 b(Air)f(747)g(aborts)h(\(R)f(23)g(83;)h(S)e(30)-330 1093 y(3:23-24\))-390 1172 y(!!Vh)h(Aerome)o(xico)i(\003ight)f(to)f (LAX)f(crashes)i(with)g(pri)n(v)n(ate)i(plane,)e(82)f(killed)i(\(S)d (11)h(5\))-390 1251 y(!!Vh)g(Metroliner&transponderless)23 b(small)17 b(plane)i(collide)g(15)e(Jan)g(87.)k(10)c(die)g(\(S)g(12)g (2\))-390 1330 y(!!Vh)g(T)-5 b(w)o(o)16 b(planes)j(collide)g(19)e(Jan)g (87.)k(Altitude)e(data)f(not)g(w)o(atched)h(by)e(A)-7 b(TC.)16 b(\(S)g(12)h(2\))-390 1409 y(!!V\002h)g(1994)g(China)i(Air)e (A300-600)h(Nago)o(ya)g(accident)i(killing)f(264:)j(\002nal)c(report)g (blames)-330 1488 y(pilots)g(and)g(autopilot)i(human-computer)f(interf) o(ace)h(\(R)d(18)g(33\);)h(\(see)f(also)h(R)f(16)g(05-07,)g(09,)-330 1566 y(13-16\))-390 1645 y(!Vh)g(Air)g(France)h(Airb)o(us)f(A320)h (crash)f(blamed)h(on)f(pilot)i(error)m(,)f(safety)g(controls)g(of)n(f)g (\(S)e(13)h(4\);)-330 1724 y(3)g(killed.)22 b(Airb)o(us)17 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g(landing)h(in)e(Azores,)h(24)f(Aug)-330 3775 y(2001,)g(\(R)g(21)g (93\))g(addressed)i(by)e(Peter)h(Ladkin;)g(fuel)g(leak)g(not)g (detected)i(early)e(enough,)-330 3854 y(and)g(other)g(problems)f(\(R)g (21)g(94\))-390 3933 y(!,*m\(h?\))k(Airb)o(us)c(A300/310)h(rudder)g (problems:)23 b(Air)17 b(T)n(ransat)g(961;)h(AA)e(587)i(out)f(of)g (JFK;)-330 4011 y(others)h(\(R)f(23)g(79;)g(S)g(30)g(3:23\))-390 4090 y(*)g(A320)g(\003ight-control)j(computer)f(anomalies)g(summarized) f(by)f(Peter)h(Ladkin)g(\(R)f(18)g(78\))-390 4169 y(!*\(V)-9 b(,etc.\))22 b(Compendium)c(of)f(commercial)j(\003y-by-wire)e(problems) g(\(Peter)g(Ladkin\))g(\(S)e(21)-330 4248 y(2:22\))-390 4327 y(@!!$hi)i(Iran)f(Air)h(655)f(Airb)o(us)g(shot)g(do)n(wn)h(by)f (USS)f(V)l(incennes')j(Ae)o(gis)f(system)f(\(abo)o(v)o(e\))-390 4406 y(?h)g(Qantas)h(airliner)i(challenged)g(by)d(US)g(Co)n(wpens,)g (Ae)o(gis)h(missile)g(cruiser)g(\(S)f(17)g(4\))-390 4485 y(!V\(f/h/i?\))23 b(V)-7 b(arig)18 b(737)f(crash)h(\(12)f(dead\))h (\003ightpath)h(misk)o(e)o(yed?)k(\(S)17 b(15)g(1\))-390 4564 y(!V)g(707)g(o)o(v)o(er)h(Elkton)f(MD)g(hit)h(by)f(lightning)i(in) e(1963,)g(e)n(v)o(eryone)j(killed)f(\(S)d(15)h(1\))-390 4642 y(!V$m)g(American)h(Airlines)h(DC-10)e(stall)h(indicator)i(f)o (ailed;)g(po)n(wer)e(w)o(as)f(from)g(missing)-330 4721 y(engine)i(\(S)d(11)h(5\))-390 4800 y(!V)g(Bird)g(strik)o(es)i(cause)f (crash)g(of)f(Ethiopian)h(Airlines)h(737,)e(killing)i(31)e(\(S)g(14)g (2\))-390 4879 y(!V)g(Dominican)h(Republic)i(757)d(crash)h(6)f(Feb)g (1996,)g(cause)h(unclear)h(\(S)e(21)g(4:13,)g(R)g(17)g(84\))-390 4958 y(!V)g(Bir)o(genAir)h(crash)g(at)g(Puerto)g(Plata)g(killed)h(189)e (\(R)g(17)g(87\))-390 5037 y(!!V$hi)h(Further)g(discussion)g(of)f (American)i(Airlines)f(Cali)h(and)e(Puerto)h(Plata)g(B757)g(crashes) -330 5116 y(\(R)f(18)g(10\);)h(in)f(Cali)h(crash,)g(killing)h(159)e(of) g(163:)22 b(same)17 b(abbre)n(viated)j(code)e(used)g(for)-330 5195 y(dif)n(ferent)i(airports)e(\(S)f(22)g(1:17\);)h(in)f(a)g(trial,)i (e)n(vidence)h(w)o(as)d(gi)n(v)o(en)h(that)h(95)e(of)g(8,000)-330 5273 y(na)o(vigational)j(beacons)f(were)e(not)h(included)h(in)f(the)f (airline)j(database,)f(including)g(Cali')l(s)-330 5352 y(Rozo)e(\(R\))g(\226)g(see)g(media)g(reports)h(17)e(Apr)h(2000.)k(US) 16 b(Federal)i(jury)f(allocated)j(responsibility)-330 5431 y(17\045)d(to)h(Jeppessen,)f(8\045)h(to)f(Hone)o(ywell,)h(75\045)g (to)f(American)i(Airlines)f(\(R)f(20)g(92;)h(S)e(26)-330 5510 y(1:23\))-390 5589 y(!if)h(American)i(Airlines)f(crash:)23 b(simulator)18 b(upset-reco)o(v)o(ery)i(scenario)f(predisposing)g (pilots?)2010 -90 y(\(R)e(22)g(33\))1950 -11 y(!\002)g(EFIS)f(f)o (ailure)j(main)f(suspect)g(in)f(Crossair)h(crash)g(\(S)e(25)h(3:17-18,) h(R)f(20)g(78\))1950 68 y(!Vh)g(1996)g(B757)h(Aeroperu)g(Flight)h(603:) i(duct)d(tape)g(o)o(v)o(er)g(left-side)h(static)g(port)f(sensors?)j (\(S)2010 147 y(22)c(2:22;)h(R)f(18)g(51,57,59\))g(Peru)h(T)n(ransport) f(Ministry)i(v)o(eri\002ed)f(this)g([Reuter)m(,)g(18Jan1997])1950 226 y(*m)e(F)o(ailure)j(of)d(Embraer)h(Brasilia)i(aircraft)g (electronic)h(displays)e(due)g(to)f(icing)h(\(R)e(22)h(65;)g(S)g(28) 2010 305 y(4:6-7\))1950 383 y(*m\002)f(Leisure)h(International)j(Airw)o (ays)e(A320)e(o)o(v)o(erran)i(Ibiza)g(Airport)g(in)e(the)i(Balearic)h (Islands)2010 462 y([21)e(May)g(1998],)h(partly)g(due)g(to)f(computer)h (f)o(ailure)i(\(R)d(22)g(65-66\))1950 541 y(*fh)g(Airplane)i(tak)o(es)g (of)n(f)e(without)i(pilot,)f(\003ies)f(20)g(miles,)g(crashes)h(\(R)f (21)g(84,87\))1950 620 y(Vm)f(Migratory)j(birds)f(jam)f(F)-5 b(AA)16 b(radar)i(in)g(Midwest)g(\(R)f(17)g(44\))1950 699 y(m)f(Lo)o(v)o(esick)i(cod)g(o)o(v)o(erload)h(Norwe)o(gian)g (submarine)f(sonar)f(equipment)i(\(R)e(20)g(07\))h([Who)2010 778 y(needs)g(a)f(cod)g(peace?])1950 857 y(!!V)g(Chinese)h(Northwest)h (Airlines)f(B)n(A-146)g(Whisperjet)h(crashed)f(on)f(second)h(tak)o(eof) n(f)2010 936 y(attempt,)g(killing)i(59;)d(cause)h(not)g(a)o(v)n (ailable)i([23Jul1993])f(\(S)d(18)h(4:12\))1950 1014 y(!V)g(Ilyushin)h(Il-114)g(crash)g(due)f(to)g(digital)j(engine)e (control)h(f)o(ailure)h(\(S)c(19)h(1:9\))1950 1093 y(*V)g(mi)g(Dec)g (1991)g(SAS)g(MD-81)g(crash)h(\(ice)g(damaged)g(engine\))h(due)f(to)f (auto)h(thrust)2010 1172 y(restoration)i(mechanism)e(not)f(pre)n (viously)j(kno)n(wn)d(to)h(e)o(xist)g(by)f(SAS)f(\(S)h(19)g(1:12\))1950 1251 y(*Vf)g(11)g(cases)h(of)f(MD-11s)g(with)g(\003ap/slat)i(e)o (xtension)g(problem,)f(including)h(China)g(Eastern)2010 1330 y(Airline)g(plane)f(that)g(lost)g(5000)f(feet)i(on)e(6)f(Apr)h (1993)h(\(S)e(18)h(4:11\))1950 1409 y(Vf/m/h?)22 b(Chinook)c (helicopter)j(engine)d(softw)o(are)h(implicated)h(\(S)d(23)g(3:23,)g(R) g(19)g(51\);)g(more)2010 1488 y(on)g(the)h(Chinook)g(enquiry)h(\(R)e (21)g(14,18-20,22-23\))1950 1566 y($d)g(RAF)g(Chinooks:)22 b(o)o(v)o(er)c(6)f(year)h(delay;)h(still)f(cannot)h(\003y)d(in)i (clouds;)g(\223radar)h(systems)e(and)2010 1645 y(softw)o(are\224)i(w)o (on')o(t)f(\002t)f(in)g(the)h(cockpit!)23 b(\(R)17 b(23)g(31\))g(and)h (correction:)24 b(softw)o(are)19 b(certi\002cation,)2010 1724 y(noncompliance,)h(more)d(testing)i(needed,)f(changing)h (operational)i(en)m(vironment)e(\(R)e(23)g(32\))1950 1803 y($*d)g(UK)g(MoD)g(procurement)i(risks)e(and)g(non)m(v)o (eri\002able)k(code;)d(Chinook)h(helicopters,)2010 1882 y(softw)o(are)g(cannot)f(be)g(v)n(alidated)i(\(R)d(23)g(80;)h(S)e(30)h (3:23\))1950 1961 y(*Vrh)g(Lessons)g(of)g(V)-7 b(alueJet)18 b(592)f(crash:)23 b(W)m(illiam)18 b(Lange)n(wiesche)i(in)d Fi(Atlantic)i(Monthly)g Fj(\(R)2010 2040 y(19)e(62,63\))1950 2119 y(*Vf)g(DC-9)g(chip)h(f)o(ailure)h(mode)f(detected)h(in)f (simulation)h(\(S)d(13)h(1\))1950 2197 y(!!V$f)g(Electra)i(f)o(ailures) g(due)e(to)h(simulation)h(omission)e(of)g(gyroscopic)i(coupling)g([not) 2010 2276 y(o)o(v)o(er\003o)n(w)l(,)e(as)g(originally)j(thought])f(\(S) e(11)g(5:9\))1950 2355 y(!V$f)g(Computer)h(readout)h(for)e(na)o (vigation)i(wrong,)e(pilot)i(killed)g(\(S)d(11)h(2\))1950 2434 y(*f)g(Apollo)h(N)n(A)-9 b(V/COM)17 b(air)h(na)o(vigation)h(softw) o(are)g(bearing)f(up)f(to)h(50)f(miles)g(and)h(16)f(de)o(grees)2010 2513 y(of)n(f)g(\(R)g(21)g(53\);)h(Garmin)g(GPS)e(can)i(be)f (interpreted)j(as)d(of)n(f)h(by)f(180)g(de)o(grees)h(\(R)f(21)g(56\)) 1950 2592 y(*Vhi)g(South)h(P)o(aci\002c)g(Airlines,)h(200)e(aboard,)h (500)f(mi)g(of)n(f)g(course)h(near)g(USSR)f([6Oct1984])1950 2671 y(*Vhi)g(China)i(Air)e(Flight)h(006)f(747SP)h(2/86)f(pilot)i(vs)d (autopilot)k(at)e(41,000)f(ft)g(with)h(f)o(ailed)2010 2750 y(engine,)g(other)g(engines)h(stalled,)f(plane)h(lost)f(32,000)f (feet)h([19Feb1985])h(\(S)d(10)h(2,)g(12)g(1\))1950 2828 y(m/f)g(B747-400)h(Electronic)i(\003ight)e(displays)g(rendered)h (inoperati)n(v)o(e)i(\(R)c(23)g(12;)g(S)g(29)g(2:9\))1950 2907 y(*V)g(Simultaneous)i(3-engine)g(f)o(ailure)g(reported)g(by)e (Captain)i(of)e(DC-8/73)h(\(S)f(14)g(2\))1950 2986 y(*Vfm)g(Boeing)h (KC-135)g(autopilot)h(malfunction)h(causes)e(tw)o(o)g(engines)g(to)f (break)h(of)n(f)g(\(S)e(16)h(2\))1950 3065 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(One)h(disappeared)h(from)e(the)h(Gibbsboro)g(NJ)e(radar)i(twice)h(on)e (5)g(Jun)g(1998,)2010 3459 y(with)h(President)g(Clinton)h(en)f(route)g (to)f(MIT)f(for)h(the)h(commencement)h(speech;)g(also)2010 3538 y(reported)g(w)o(as)e(near)o(-collision)k(with)c(a)g(Swissair)h (747,)f(missed)g(by)g(radar)m(,)h(Oct)g(1997)f(\(R)g(19)2010 3617 y(79\);)h(Air)f(F)o(orce)h(T)-5 b(w)o(o)16 b(disappeared)k(from)c (radar)m(,)i(7)f(Jun)g(1998,)g(and)h(the)f(same)h(radar)g(f)o(ailed) 2010 3696 y(with)g(AF2)e(o)o(v)o(erhead)j(17)e(Jun)g(1998)h(\(R)f(19)g (82\))1950 3775 y(m?f?)k(San)d(Francisco)g(Airport)h(radar)f(phantom)g (\003ights)f(\(R)g(21)g(20,)g(S)g(26)g(2:5\))1950 3854 y(*m)f(F)o(aulty)j(ASR-9)e(radar)h(system)f(f)o(ailures)i(\(Boston,)f (JFK\))e(led)i(F)-5 b(AA)16 b(to)i(inspections,)2010 3933 y(disco)o(v)o(ery)h(of)e(23)g(further)h(cases,)f(and)h (remediations)i(\(S)c(26)h(4:4,)g(R)g(21)g(29\))1950 4011 y(f)g(Air)o(-traf)n(\002c)i(control)f(w)o(oes)g(\(R)f(21)g(09,)f (S)h(26)g(2:5-6\))1950 4090 y(fh)g(2002:)22 b(Rash)17 b(of)g(british)i(air)o(-traf)n(\002c)g(control)g(system)e(outages)h(in) g(National)h(Airspace)2010 4169 y(System)e(\(S)g(27)g(3:5,)g(R)g(21)g (98,)g(22)g(02-03,)g(22)g(09\))1950 4248 y(f)g(Anecdote)i(on)e(a)g (then-ne)n(w)i(European)f(A)-7 b(TC)16 b(center)j(99.99\045)e(reliable) j(\(52)d(minutes)h(per)2010 4327 y(year\))g(that)g(had)g(already)h(had) e(a)g(20-hour)h(do)n(wn)g(time)g(shortly)g(after)g(installation:)25 b(therefore)2010 4406 y(it)17 b(should)h(not)g(f)o(ail)g(again)g(for)f (25)g(years!)22 b(It)17 b(f)o(ailed)i(at)e(23:59)h(on)f(28)g(Feb)g(\(S) g(27)g(3:6,)g(R)g(22)f(08\))1950 4485 y(Vm)g(A)-5 b(viation)19 b(near)o(-crashes)h(in)d(Kathmandu)h(\(R)f(21)g(09,)g(S)g(26)g(2:6\)) 1950 4564 y(*V\(m?f?\))22 b(Indianapolis)e(F)-5 b(AA)16 b(route)i(center)h(running)f(on)f(generators)j(for)d(a)g(week)h(\(R)f (21)g(11,)2010 4642 y(S)g(26)g(2:6\))1950 4721 y(*h)g(Delta)h(plane)h (60)e(miles)g(of)n(f)h(course,)f(missed)h(Continental)i(by)d(30)g(feet) h(\(S)f(12)g(4\))1950 4800 y(Vf)g(SW)f(f)o(ault)j(in)e(aircraft)i (nondirectional)j(beacon)c(landing)h(approach)g(system)e(\(S)g(16)g (3\))1950 4879 y(V*)g(Ne)n(w)g(San)g(Jose)g(CA)g(A)-7 b(TC)16 b(system)h(still)i(b)o(uggy)l(,)d(plane)j(tags)e(disappear)i (\(S)e(14)g(2\))1950 4958 y(*Vf)g(A)-7 b(TC)16 b(computers)i(cause)g (phantom)g(airplane)i(images)e(\(S)e(16)h(3\))1950 5037 y(*fe)g(Jeppesen)i(GPS)d(restricted-airspace)23 b(na)o(vigation)c (database)g(corruption)h(\(R)d(22)g(64;)g(S)g(28)2010 5116 y(4:6\))1950 5195 y(Vf)g(W)-5 b(est)16 b(Drayton)j(A)-7 b(TC)16 b(system)h(b)o(ug)g(found)g(in)h(2-yr)o(-old)g(COBOL)e(code)i (\(S)f(16)g(3,)f(R)h(11)g(30\))1950 5273 y(*Vh)g(Open)g(cockpit)j(mik)o (e,)d(defecti)n(v)o(e)j(transponder)f(caused)g(2)e(near)o(-collisions)j (\(S)d(12)g(1\))1950 5352 y(h)g(Another)h(open)g(mik)o(e:)k(couple)d (join)f(Mile-High)h(Club,)e(disrupt)h(British)h(air)o(-traf)n(\002c)g (control)2010 5431 y(\(S)e(19)g(1:10\))1950 5510 y(*V)-7 b(eh)17 b(A)-7 b(TC)16 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(jammers;)g(Continental)j(DC-10)c(lost)-330 4485 y(all)h(GPS)e(signals) j(while)f(Rome)f(Lab)g(w)o(as)g(e)o(xperimenting)j(with)e(jammers)f (\(R)g(19)g(74,85\))-390 4564 y(Vf/h?)22 b(GPS)16 b(kills)i(8)f(in)g (air)h(\(R)f(20)g(44-45\))h(and)f(radar)o(-assisted)j(collisions)f(\(R) e(20)g(45\))-390 4642 y(@*VM)g(Cell-phone)j(link)o(ed)f(to)e(London)g (to)h(Istanb)o(ul)g(crash-landing?)24 b(\(R)17 b(19)g(34,36,37\))-390 4721 y(VM)g(Australia')l(s)i(Melbourne)g(Airport)f(RF)f(interference)k (af)n(fected)f(communications,)f(traced)-330 4800 y(to)e(an)h (emanating)h(VCR!)e(\(R)g(17)g(44\))-390 4879 y(*VM)g(Osaka)g(Int')o(l) i(Airport')l(s)f(radar)g(screens)g(jammed)g(by)f(TV)f(aerial)j(booster) f(\(S)f(12)g(3\))-390 4958 y(*m)f(Plane)j(di)n(v)o(erts)f(after)h (erroneous)f(4-digit)h(hijack)g(alert)f(\(R)f(23)g(89-91\))-390 5037 y(*M)g(Cellular)i(telephone)h(acti)n(v)n(ates)h(airliner)e(\002re) f(alarm)f(\(S)g(14)g(6\))-390 5116 y(Vfmhi?)k(A)-5 b(viation)20 b(Risks)d(using)g(W)m(indo)n(ws)h(NT)e(a)o(vionics)j(systems)e(\(S)g (23)g(3:27,)g(R)g(19)g(46\))-390 5195 y(*V\002)g(Fla)o(wed)h(A)-7 b(TC)16 b(radars:)22 b(planes)d(disappear)g(from)d(screens;)j(other)f (problems)g(\(S)e(12)h(1\))-390 5273 y(hi)g(Controller)j(scre)n(wup)e (causes)g(NW)e(52)h(to)h(Frankfurt)g(to)f(land)h(in)g(Brussels)f(\(R)g (17)g(38,40\))-390 5352 y(*Vdef)h(Risks)f(in)g(the)h(ne)n(w)f(Sydne)o (y)h(airport)h(control)g(system)e(\(R)g(17)g(43\))-390 5431 y(*m)f(Computer)j(outage)f(in)g(Concorde)h(leads)f(to)f(rock)o(y)h (nonautomatic)i(landing)f(\(S)d(12)h(4\))-390 5510 y(*V)-7 b(e)17 b(British)h(A)-7 b(TC)16 b(2-hr)i(outage,)g(6-hr)f(delays:)23 b(f)o(aulty)c(HW/SW)d(upgrade)j(\(S)d(12)h(1\))g(Computer)-330 5589 y(problems)h(do)n(wn)f(FL)f(A)-7 b(TC,)16 b(slo)n(w)i(airline)h (\003ights)f(in)f(Southern)h(U.S.)e(\(S)h(19)g(1:11\))1950 -90 y(*Vfmd)g(Air)o(-traf)n(\002c-control)k(snafus)c(in)g(Chicago,)i (Oakland,)f(Miami,)g(W)-5 b(ashington)18 b(DC,)2010 -11 y(Dallas-F)o(ortW)-5 b(orth,)19 b(Cle)n(v)o(eland,)h(Ne)n(w)d(Y)-7 b(ork,)17 b(western)h(states,)g(Pittsb)o(ur)o(gh!)k(\(S)17 b(20)g(5:12\);)2010 68 y(Another)h(Oakland)h(airport)g(radar)f(outage)g (28)f(No)o(v)g(1995,)g(tw)o(o)h(hours)f(\(R)g(17)g(49\))1950 147 y(V*fm)g(Philadelphia)j(airport)f(radar)f(problems,)f(May)h(1999)f (\(R)g(20)g(42\))g(More)h(radar)g(glitches)2010 226 y(at)g (Philadelphia)i(airport)f(10)e(Mar)g(2000)h(\(S)e(25)h(3:18,)h(R)f(20)g (84\))1950 305 y(Vhm)f(Brief)j(KC)d(po)n(wer)i(outage)h(triggers)f (national)i(air)o(-traf)n(\002c)f(snarl)f(\(S)f(23)g(3:23,)g(R)g(19)g (51\))1950 383 y(Vhmm)f(Air)h(traf)n(\002c)i(control)g(snafu)e(around)h (LAX:)f(pickup)h(truck)g(caused)g(po)n(wer)g(outage,)2010 462 y(backup)g(po)n(wer)g(f)o(ailed,)h(18)e(Jul)g(2006)h(\(R)f(24)g (35,)f(S)h(31)g(5:17\))1950 541 y(!Vm)f(Ne)n(w)i(Y)-7 b(ork)16 b(air)i(traf)n(\002c)h(slo)n(wed)f(for)f(10)g(hrs)g(by)g (construction)j(contamination)g(\(R)d(19)g(41\))1950 620 y(*f)g(F)o(all)h(1998)f(air)h(traf)n(\002c)h(control)f(upgrade)h (problems:)j(Ne)n(w)17 b(Hampshire)h(\(R)f(19)h(93\),)e(Salt)2010 699 y(Lak)o(e)i(A)-7 b(TC)16 b(\(R)h(20)g(05\);)g(Dallas-F)o(ortW)-5 b(orth)20 b(AR)l(TS)c(6.05)h(\(S)g(24)g(1:31,)g(R)g(20)g(07\),)g (Chicago)2010 778 y(\(R)g(20)g(07\))1950 857 y(Vm)f(Ef)n(fects)i(on)f (automated)j(traf)n(\002c)e(controls)h(of)e(plane)h(crashing)h(into)f (500Kv)f(po)n(wer)h(line)2010 936 y(near)g(Cajon)g(P)o(ass;)f(more)g (than)h(1000)g(traf)n(\002c)g(lights)h(out)e(\(R)g(19)g(29,30\);)h (earlier)h(ef)n(fects)g(of)2010 1014 y(po)n(wer)f(f)o(ailure)h(in)e (Perth)h(\(R)f(19)g(30\);)h(risks)f(of)g(major)g(outages)i(\(R)e(19)g (32,33\))1950 1093 y(*Vhe)g(Southern)i(Cal)f(plane)g(crash)g(due)f(to)h (softw)o(are)g(change?)24 b(\(S)16 b(12)h(1\))1950 1172 y(*Vmf)g(Alaskan)h(barometric)h(pressure)f(do)n(wns)f(altimeters;)j(F) -5 b(AA)17 b(grounds)h(planes)g(\(S)e(14)h(2\))1950 1251 y(*Vfm)g(F)-5 b(AA)16 b(Air)h(T)n(raf)n(\002c)h(Control:)23 b(man)o(y)17 b(computer)h(system)f(outages)i(\(e.g.,)d(SEN)g(5)h(3,)f (11)h(5\),)2010 1330 y(near)o(-misses)h(not)f(reported)i(\(S)e(10)g (3:12\))1950 1409 y(*Vf)g(A)-7 b(TC)16 b(computer)i(system)g(blamed)g (for)f(v)n(arious)h(near)o(-misses,)g(delays,)g(etc.)j(\(S)c(12)g(4\)) 1950 1488 y(*Vhi)g(Air)o(-traf)n(\002c)i(controller)h(errors.)h(O'hare) d(near)o(-miss:)k(wrong)17 b(plane)i(code)f(\(S)f(12)g(3\))1950 1566 y(V\(f/m/h?\))22 b(2)17 b(jets)h(in)f(near)o(-miss)h(approaching)i (LAX;)c(Brazilian)k(V)-9 b(ASP)17 b(MD-11)g(pilot)h(blames)2010 1645 y(autopilot,)h(others)f(blame)g(pilot)h(\(R)e(19)g(10\))1950 1724 y(*Vh)g(F-16)g(incidents,)i(TCAS:)e(4)g(separate)i(risk)o(y)e (military)i(approaches)h(\(S)c(22)h(4:28,)h(R)f(18)g(83\))1950 1803 y(*V$fm)g(F)-5 b(AA)16 b(report)i(lists)g(114)f(major)h(telecom)h (outages)f(in)g(12)f(months)g(1990-91;)h(Secretary)2010 1882 y(Pena)g(blames)f(air)o(-traf)n(\002c)j(w)o(oes)d(on)g(computer)i (systems)e(\(S)f(19)h(4:11\))h(20)f(A)-7 b(TCs)16 b(do)n(wned)i(by)2010 1961 y(\002ber)f(cable)i(cut)f(by)f(f)o(armer)h(b)o(urying)g(co)n(w)f ([4May1991])i(\(S)e(17)g(1\);)g(Kansas)g(City)h(A)-7 b(TC)2010 2040 y(do)n(wned)18 b(by)f(bea)o(v)o(er)o(-che)n(wed)j(cable) f([1990])f(\(S)f(17)g(1\);)g(Other)h(outages)g(due)g(to)f(lightning) 2010 2119 y(strik)o(es,)h(misplaced)h(backhoe)g(b)o(uck)o(ets,)f(blo)n (wn)g(fuses,)f(computer)h(problems)g(\(S)f(17)g(1\))f(3hr)2010 2197 y(outage,)i(airport)h(delays:)k(Boston)18 b(unmark)o(ed)g (components)h(switched)f(\(S)f(17)g(1\))g(More)g(on)2010 2276 y(the)h(A)-7 b(T&T)15 b(outage)j(of)f(17Sep91)h(noted)h(belo)n(w)f (\(5M)f(calls)h(block)o(ed,)h(air)f(tra)o(v)o(el)g(crippled,)2010 2355 y(1,174)f(\003ights)h(cancelled/delayed)q(\))k(\(S)17 b(17)g(1\))1950 2434 y(fh)g(W)-5 b(ashingtonDC)18 b(air)g(traf)n(\002c) h(slo)n(wed)f(11)f(Jun)g(1997:)22 b(old)17 b(wiring)h(error)g(\(S)e(22) h(5:13\))1950 2513 y(V$fe)g(SW)g(b)o(ug)g(do)n(wns)g(Fremont)h(CA)e (Air)i(T)n(raf)n(\002c)f(Control)h(Center)h(for)e(2)g(hours)g ([8Apr1992];)2010 2592 y(12)g(of)g(50)g(radio)h(frequencies)i(died)e ([17Apr1992],)g(reason)g(unspeci\002ed)h(\(S)d(17)h(3\))1950 2671 y(V$d)g(Ne)n(w)g(Canadian)j(air)o(-traf)n(\002c)f(control)g (system)e(SW)f(problems,)i(system)f(late,)h(it)f(crashes,)2010 2750 y(planes)h(\003ying)g(backw)o(ards,)g(frozen)h(displays,)f(no)f (radar)m(,...)j(\(S)d(17)g(4\))1950 2828 y(*Vm)f(NY)h(Air)g(Route)h(T)n (raf)n(\002c)g(Control)g(Center)h(computer)f(f)o(ailure)i(\(S)c(21)h (5:15\))1950 2907 y(*V)-7 b(ef)17 b(Computer)h(glitches)h(foul)f(up)f (\003ights)h(at)f(Chicago)i(airports)g(\(S)e(24)g(4:26,R)g(20)g(38\)) 1950 2986 y(@See)h(belo)n(w)l(,)f(general)i(telephone)h(problems)e (that)g(af)n(fected)i(traf)n(\002c)f(control.)1950 3065 y(*$)e(Discussion)h(of)f(the)h(implications,)h(needs)f(for)f(o)o(v)o (ersight,)i(assurance)g(\(S)d(17)h(1\))1950 3144 y(*V$m)g(F)-5 b(AA)16 b(A)-7 b(TC)16 b(computers)j(in)e(Houston)g(do)n(wn)h(for)f(3)g 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(\002c)i(control)g(system)e(confronts)i(comple)o(xity)g(\(S)e(22)g (1:18\))1950 3854 y(*Vh)g(Commercial)i(plane)f(near)o(-collisions)j(up) c(37.6\045)g(in)g(1986;)h(49)f(critical)j(\(S)d(12)g(2\))1950 3933 y(*H)g(Radar)h(center)h(controllers)g(\(So.Cal\))f(concealed)i (collision)g(course)e(info)f(\(S)g(12)g(2\))1950 4011 y(*V)g(Jetliners)i(in)e(near)o(-miss)h(o)o(v)o(er)f(Cle)n(v)o(eland;)k (wrong)c(freq)h(assigned,)g(neither)h(plane)f(in)2010 4090 y(contact)h(with)f(controllers)i(\(S)c(16)h(4\))1950 4169 y(*V)l(id)g(Comple)o(xity)j(of)d(the)g(airplane)j(pilot')l(s)f (interf)o(ace)h(increasing)g(\(R)d(18)g(63\))1950 4248 y(*V)g(Computer)h(errors)g(in)m(v)o(olv)o(ed)h(in)e(plane)h(crashes?)23 b(\(Aftonbladet\))d(\(R)d(18)g(65,66\))1950 4327 y(*)g(Problems)g(with) h(belo)n(w-sea-le)n(v)o(el)k(aircraft)d(altitudes)h(\(R)d(18)g(72,74\)) 1950 4406 y(h)g(Plane)h(tak)o(es)g(of)n(f,)f(\003ies)h(for)f(tw)o(o)g (hours,)g(without)i(pilot)f(\(R)f(19)g(47\))1950 4485 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y(rather)g(than)g(admit)g(the)g(map)f(error!)22 b(\(R)17 b(24)g(27\))2010 755 y Fl(1.8)99 b(Ships)2010 878 y Fj($*f)17 b(Puget)h(Sound)f(ferry)h(computer)h(f)o(ailures)g (\226)d(12)h(crashes;)i(settlement)h(vs)c(b)o(uilder)j($7)2010 957 y(million;)g(cost)f(of)f(e)o(xtra)h($3)f(million)h(for)g(manual)g (controls!)k(\(S)17 b(12)g(2\);)g(Electronic)2010 1036 y("sail-by-wire")j(replaced)f(with)f(pneumatic)h(controls)g(\(S)e(15)g (2\))1950 1115 y($\002)g(Ship)g(runs)g(aground;)i(re)n(v)o(erse-logic)h (steering)f(problem?)k(\(S)16 b(15)h(1\))1950 1194 y(*hi)g(Canadian)j (ferry)e(cre)n(w)g(Queen)g(of)e(The)h(North)h(didn')o(t)g(kno)n(w)g(ho) n(w)f(to)g(use)g(ECS)g(display)2010 1273 y(softw)o(are;)i(ferry)f (sinks)f(\(R)g(24)g(33,)g(S)f(31)h(5:17\))1950 1351 y(m)f(Ro)o(yal)j (Majesty)f(runs)f(aground)i(due)e(to)g(GPS)g(antenna)i(f)o(ailure)g (\(S)e(20)g(5:8\))1950 1430 y(*hi)g(Risks)h(of)f(ships)g(relying)i(on)e (GPS-based)g(systems)g(\(R)g(24)g(03\))1950 1509 y(*f)g(Hard-left)i 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(startup/shutdo)n(wn)h(\(Omron)d(FZ-1000\))g(\(S)g(16)g(3\))-390 3459 y(*r)g(Nuclear)i(Re)o(gulatory)h(Commission)d(Emer)o(genc)o(y)h (Response)g(Data)g(System)f(vulnerability:)-330 3538 y(only)h(one)f(modem)g(\(R)g(20)g(11\))-390 3617 y(*hhf)g(Report)i(by)e (Chiaki)h(Ishika)o(w)o(a)h(on)e(Japanese)i(nuclear)g(accident,)g(with)f (signi\002cant)-330 3696 y(radiation)i(release:)j(a)17 b(case)h(study)g(of)f(bad)g(design)h(\(R)f(20)g(61\))-390 3775 y(*f)g(Grenoble)i(neutron)f(reactor)h(10\045)f(o)o(v)o(er)f (limit;)i(equations)g(wrong)e(and)h(instrument)-330 3854 y(miscalibrated,)i(ordinary)f(not)e(hea)o(vy)h(w)o(ater)h(assumed)e(in) g(both)h(cases!)k(\(S)16 b(15)h(2\))-390 3933 y($df)g(Ne)n(w)g(French)i (reactor')l(s)g(distrib)o(uted)g(computer)g(system)e(abandoned)i(\(S)e (16)g(2\))-390 4011 y(*$VSH)g(Lithuanian)i(nuclear)g(po)n(wer)o(-plant) h(logic)e(bomb)f(detected)j(\(S)d(17)g(2\))-390 4090 y(Vhi)g(20)g(of)g(59)g(So)o(viet)i(N-Plant)f(shutdo)n(wns)g(1st)f(half) h(1991)f(due)h(to)f(`human)h(error')f(\(S)g(16)g(4\))-390 4169 y(f)g(\(Assumed\))g(f)o(alse)h(alarm)g(at)f(San)h(Juan)f (Capistrano)i(nuclear)h(plant)e(\(S)f(16)g(4\))-390 4248 y(*Vf)f(Po)n(wer)h(sur)o(ge)g(shuts)g(do)n(wn)g(9)f(Mile)h(Point)h (nuclear)g(station)g(Oswe)o(go)f(NY)-6 b(;)16 b(uninterruptible)-330 4327 y(backup)i(po)n(wer)g(f)o(ails)h(as)e(well;)h(site)g(area)g(emer)o (genc)o(y)h(triggered)g(\(S)e(16)g(4;)g(R)g(12)g(13\))-390 4406 y($*)g(T)-5 b(olerability)20 b(of)d(Risks)g(from)g(Nuclear)i(Po)n (wer)e(Stations)i(\(report\))f(\(S)f(18)g(1:11\))-390 4485 y(*)g(Northeast)i(Util.)i(Millstone)e(2)e(nuclear)i(po)n(wer)f (problems,)g(underreporting)i(\(S)d(19)g(4:7\))-390 4564 y(Vhi)g(Xerox)h(machine)g(caused)h(nuclear)o(-po)n(wer)h(plant)e(emer)o (genc)o(y)h(halt)f(\(S)f(21)g(5:16\))-390 4642 y(VSH)f(Florida)j (nuclear)g(controls)g(\223v)n(andalized"?)25 b(Switches)19 b(glued)f(\(R)f(18)g(35\))-390 4721 y(*H)g(More)g(than)h(150)f(cases)h (of)f(f)o(alsi\002ed)i(reports)f(on)f(welds)h(in)f(nuclear)o(-po)n(wer) j(plants.)i(\(R)17 b(19)-330 4800 y(39\))-390 4879 y(@eh)g(Pilgrim)h (nuclear)h(plant)g(Y2K)e(readiness)h(questioned)i(by)d(NucRe)o(gComm)h (\(R)f(20)g(40\))-390 4958 y(*+/-)h(California')l(s)i(Diablo)e(Can)o (yon)h(1)e(nuclear)i(reactor)g(auto)f(shut)f(do)n(wn)g(releases)i(some) -330 5037 y(radioacti)n(v)o(e)i(steam;)d(shutdo)n(wn)g(w)o(ork)o(ed)h (properly)f(\(R)f(20)g(89\))-390 5116 y(*f)g(Australia')l(s)i(Be)n(v)o (erly)h(uranium)e(processing)g(plant)h(softw)o(are)f(b)o(ug)f(blamed)h (in)g(radioacti)n(v)o(e)-330 5195 y(spill)g(\(S)f(27)g(3:6-7,)g(R)g(21) g(90\))-390 5273 y(h)g(Accidental)j(alert)f(spooks)e(V)-7 b(ermont)17 b(Y)-7 b(ank)o(ee)19 b(nuclear)g(plant)g(neighbors)f(\(R)f (22)g(44\))-390 5352 y(Mmf)e(Peach)j(Bottom)f(nuclear)h(plant)f(shut)f (do)n(wn)h(by)f(lightning)i(strik)o(e)g(\(R)e(23)g(05;)h(S)e(29)h (2:9-10\))-390 5431 y(*h)h(Nuclear)i(reactor)g(guard)f(asleep)g(on)f (the)h(job)f(\(R)h(22)f(92;)g(S)g(29)g(2:10\))-390 5510 y(.....)i Fg(Nonnuclear)f(po)o(wer:)-390 5589 y Fj(!m,h)e (Electrocution)21 b(leads)d(to)f(more)g(deaths)h(\(R)f(21)g(15,)g(S)g (26)g(2:7\))1950 -90 y(hd)g(Grid-lock:)23 b(Softw)o(are)c(missing,)e (California)j(electric)g(po)n(wer)e(dere)o(gulation)i(delayed)g(\(S)c (23)2010 -11 y(3:25,)h(R)g(19)g(52\))1950 68 y(VSHO)f(Calif.)22 b(PG&E)16 b(po)n(wer)i(substation)h(damaged;)g(note)f(links)g(attack)h (to)e(McV)-7 b(eigh)18 b(v)o(erdict)2010 147 y(\(R)f(19)g(21\))1950 226 y(mf$)g(\223Heading)i(of)n(f)e(emer)o(gencies)i(in)f(lar)o(ge)g (electric)i(grids\224)e(\()p Fi(IEEE)d(Spectrum)k Fj(article,)g(April) 2010 305 y(1997,)e(pp.43-47\))h(\(R)f(19)g(09\))1950 383 y(@$*)g(Risk:)22 b(Analysis,)c(Perception)h(and)f(Management)h (\(report\),)f(assessing)g(the)g(w)o(orth)g(of)f(a)2010 462 y(human)g(life)i(around)f(\2432M)f(to)g(3M,)f(.5M)h(in)g(T)n (ransport)h(Dept.)j(\(S)c(18)g(1:11\))1950 541 y(*V$r)g(9)g(No)o(v)g (1965)g(Northeast)i(po)n(wer)f(black)o(out)i(\(NY)-9 b(,)16 b(P)-6 b(A,)16 b(VT)-5 b(,)16 b(Conn,)h(Mass\))g(due)h(to)2010 620 y(set-too-lo)n(w)h(threshold)g(being)f(e)o(xceeded;)j(roughly)d(13) f(hours)g(to)g(reco)o(v)o(er)1950 699 y(*V$r)g(13)g(Jul)g(1977)h(po)n (wer)g(black)o(out)h(\(lo)n(wer)g(NY)d(state\))j(took)e(twice)i(as)e (long)g(to)h(reco)o(v)o(er)g(from)2010 778 y(as)f(1965:)22 b(up)17 b(to)g(26)g(hours)1950 857 y(*$Vhm\002r)g(14)g(Aug)g(2003)g (massi)n(v)o(e)h(northeast)h(po)n(wer)o(-grid)g(o)o(v)o(erload)g(black) o(out;)h(reco)o(v)o(ery)2010 936 y(took)d(up)g(to)f(44)h(hours)f(to)h (get)g(most)f(b)o(ut)h(not)g(all)g(po)n(wer)h(back)f(\(R)g(22)f(85-86,) h(S)f(28)g(6:6;)i(also)f(R)2010 1014 y(22)g(96\);)h(computer)g(f)o (ailures)h(led)f(to)f(NE)f(US)h(black)o(out)j(\(R)d(22)g(90\);)g(pithy) h(analysis)h(of)e(the)2010 1093 y(bigger)h(picture)h(of)e(critical)j (infrastructure)h(vulnerabilities:)26 b(The)17 b(Road)g(to)h(V)-5 b(ulnerability)l(,)2010 1172 y(P)o(atrick)19 b(Lincoln)f(\(R)f(22)g (86,)g(S)f(28)h(6:6-7\);)i(latent)g(softw)o(are)f(b)o(ug)f(in)h(GE)e (XA/21)h(ener)o(gy)2010 1251 y(management)i(system)e(contrib)o(uted)j (to)d(the)h(14)f(Aug)g(2003)g(northeast)i(black)o(out)h(\(R)d(23)g (18\);)2010 1330 y(computer)h(f)o(ailure)i(analysis)e(found)g(a)f(race) h(condition,)h(f)o(ailures)g(in)f(the)f(alarm)h(system)2010 1409 y(causing)h(alarm)e(queues)h(to)g(back)g(up,)e(crashing)j(a)e (computer)h(\(R)f(23)h(31;)f(S)g(29)g(5:13-14\))1950 1488 y(*V$f)g(Po)n(wer)h(black)o(out)h(of)e(10)g(W)-5 b(estern)18 b(states,)g(propagated)h(error)f([2Oct1984];)h(one-hour) 2010 1566 y(outage)g(resulted)g(from)d(a)h(supposedly)i(routine)g(e)n (v)o(ent)f(that)h(w)o(as)e(misread)h(by)f(an)g(Ore)o(gon)2010 1645 y(substation)i(computer)f(\(S)f(9)g(5:5\))1950 1724 y(*V$mh)g(W)-5 b(estern)17 b(U.S.)f(po)n(wer)i(black)o(outs,)h(more)e (propagated)j(ef)n(fects)f([2Jul1996])f(\(R)f(18)g(25,)2010 1803 y(S)g(21)g(5:13\);)h(apparently)l(,)h(initial)h(report)e(of)f (outage)h(from)f(tree)h(touching)h(a)f(po)n(wer)f(line)i(w)o(as)2010 1882 y(not)e(relayed:)24 b(operator)19 b(could)f(not)g(\002nd)f(the)g (phone)h(number)g(to)f(call!)1950 1961 y(*V$mhf)g(W)-5 b(est-coast)18 b(summer)f(po)n(wer)h(losses:)k(10)17 b(Aug)g(1996)g(af)n(fected)j(8)d(million)h(accounts)2010 2040 y(in)f(8)g(states,)h(parts)g(of)f(Canada)h(and)g(Baja,)g(with)f (major)h(outages,)g(air)o(-traf)n(\002c)i(ef)n(fects;)f(man)o(y)2010 2119 y(interlink)o(ed)i(causes.)g(13)c(Aug)g(outages)i(included)g(P)o (alo)f(Alto)g(shutdo)n(wn)g(due)f(to)h(erroneous)2010 2197 y(signal)g(\(S)f(22)g(1:16\);)h(P)o(alo)g(Alto)g(outage)g(fried)g (the)g(Cable)h(Co-op)e(Playbo)o(y)i(channel)2010 2276 y(scrambling)g(chip,)e(programs)h(went)g(out)f(in)g(the)h(clear)h(\(S)d (22)h(1:17\);)i(Stanford)f(outage)h(10-11)2010 2355 y(Oct)f(1996)f(tak) o(es)h(do)n(wn)g(Silicon)h(V)-7 b(alle)o(y)18 b(Internet)h(connecti)n (vity)l(,)i(ne)n(wpaper)e(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(sites;)2010 2434 y(caused)h(by)f(rats,)g(e)o(xplosion)i(\(S)e(22)g(1:16\))h(\(R)f (18)g(27-29,34\);)h(Claims)g(that)g(the)g(2)f(Jul)g(1996)2010 2513 y(outage)i(could)f(not)f(happen)i(again)f(\(R)f(18)g(32\))1950 2592 y(VSH\(O?\))g(3.5-hour)h(San)f(Francisco)i(po)n(wer)f(black)o(out) h(23)e(Oct)h(1997)f(blamed)h(on)f(sabotage)i(\(S)2010 2671 y(23)e(1:13,)g(R)g(19)g(42\))1950 2750 y(V$m)f(Do)n(wnto)n(wn)j (Chicago)g(hit)f(by)f(electrical)k(black)o(out,)e(12)e(Aug)g(1999;)h(3) f(of)g(4)f(transformers)2010 2828 y(do)n(wn,)h(plus)g(high-v)o(oltage)j (cable)f(\(R)e(20)g(55\))1950 2907 y($Vh)g(Po)n(wer)o(-plant)i (apprentice')l(s)i(mistak)o(e)d(melted)h(do)n(wn)e($500,000)h (transformer)m(,)g(blacking)2010 2986 y(out)f(P)o(alm)h(Beach;)h (west-b)o(us)e(switch)h(turns)g(on)f(cooling)h(system;)g(east-b)o(us)g (switch)g(closed)2010 3065 y(\002rst,)f(in)g(another)i(room)d(\(R)h(22) g(22\))1950 3144 y(*V$hm)g(Another)h(San)f(Francisco)i(po)n(wer)f (outage:)23 b(SFO)17 b(Airport,)g(P)o(aci\002c)i(Stock)f(Exchange,)2010 3223 y(rapid)g(transit)h(do)n(wn,)e(1)g(million)h(customes)g(af)n (fected)i(\(S)c(24)i(3:25,)f(R)g(20)g(11\))1950 3302 y(Vmf)f(Customs)h(computer)i(system)e(do)n(wn)h(for)f(5.5)f(hours;)i (2000)f(passengers)i(w)o(aiting)g(at)2010 3381 y(Miami)f(International) j(\(R)c(24)g(02;)g(S)g(30)g(6:17\))1950 3459 y(*Vhi)g(Los)g(Angeles)h (po)n(wer)g(outage)h(af)n(fects)f(700,000;)g(w)o(ork)o(er)h(cut)f (wrong)f(line;)i(spec)e(wrong?)2010 3538 y(\(R)g(24)g(04;)h(S)e(30)h (6:17\))1950 3617 y(*Vm)f(More)i(Los)e(Angeles)i(po)n(wer)g(outages)h (in)e(summer)g(2006)g(despite)i(redundant)g(grid)2010 3696 y(hookups)f(and)f(backup)i(batteries;)h(in)d(one)g(case,)h(gra)o (vity-fed)h(diesel)g(required)g(electric)2010 3775 y(pump,)e(which)g (al)o(w)o(ays)i(w)o(ork)o(ed)g(in)e(tests)h(\226)e(with)i(po)n(wer!)k (Another)c(item)g(on)f(emer)o(genc)o(y)2010 3854 y(shredding)i(strate)o (gy)f(that)h(passed)e(tests)h(b)o(ut)f(w)o(ould)h(f)o(ail)h(under)e(po) 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y(f)o(ailed)h(\(R)e(22)g(77\)) 1950 4721 y($Vmhe)g(Huge)h(2003)f(London)g(black)o(out)j(caused)e(by)f (using)h(1-amp)f(fuse)g(instead)i(of)e(5-amp)2010 4800 y(fuse)g(\(R)g(22)g(91\);)h(later)h(report:)j(due)c(to)f(slopp)o(y)h (maintenance)i(\(R)d(22)g(97,98\))1950 4879 y($Vmhi)g(London)g (data-center)k(po)n(wer&backup)e(outages)g(Jul)e(2006:)22 b(11)17 b(hours;)h(illustrati)n(v)o(e)2010 4958 y(saga)f(\(R)g(24)g (41,)g(S)f(31)i(6:24-25\))1950 5037 y($Vhi)f(No)o(v)g(2006)h (widespread)h(European)f(po)n(wer)g(f)o(ailure:)24 b(Ems)15 b(Ri)n(v)o(er)k(transmission)f(line)2010 5116 y(shut)f(do)n(wn)h (proacti)n(v)o(ely)l(,)i(with)e(unanticipated)j(propagation)f(\(R)d(24) g(46,47,)f(S)h(32)g(1\))1950 5195 y($Vm)f(Another)j(po)n(wer)f(outage)g (and)g(backup)g(f)o(ailure)h(brings)f(do)n(wn)g(German)f(TV)f(station) 2010 5273 y(NDR,)g(26)h(No)o(v)g(2006)h(\(R)f(24)g(48,)g(S)f(31)h(1\)) 1950 5352 y(*$Vm)g(Auckland)h(NZ)f(without)h(po)n(wer)g(for)f(weeks;)h 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y(m)f(Bro)n(wnout-lo)n(wered)21 b(v)o(oltages)e(tak)o(e)g(out)e (computers)h(in)g(Li)n(v)o(ermore)g(\(R)f(21)g(51\))-390 4800 y(.....)i Fg(Natural)f(Gas)-390 4879 y Fj(Vm)e(One-meter)j(ice)f (block)g(in)f(main)h(gas)f(supply)g(knocks)h(out)g(1/4)f(of)g(gas)g(in) g(V)l(ictoria,)-330 4958 y(Australia,)i(with)e(secondary)i(po)n(wer)f (losses)f(\(R)g(19)g(81\))-390 5037 y(V*hm)g(UK)f(Cable-and-W)m (ireless)22 b(emplo)o(yee)d(accidentally)i(cut)d(gas)f(line)h(while)g (repairing)-330 5116 y(phone)g(line)g(\(R)f(19)g(96\))-390 5195 y(V*m)f(Esso)g(natural)k(gas)c(plant)j(e)o(xplosions)g(in)e(V)l (ictoria,)i(Australia,)f(killed)h(2,)e(requires)h(5M)-330 5273 y(people)h(to)e(shut)g(of)n(f)h(gas,)e(despite)j(three)f(other)g (plants)h(\(R)e(20)g(01\))2010 -90 y Fl(1.12)99 b(Medical,)25 b(Health,)g(and)g(Safety)h(Risks)2010 34 y Fj(See)18 b(http://www)l(.iatrogenic.or)o(g/index.html)23 b(for)17 b(cases)h(in)f(which)h(the)g(supposed)g(cure)f(is)2010 113 y(w)o(orse)h(than)g(whate)n(v)o(er)h(the)f(cure)g(is)e(intended)k (to)d(remedy)l(.)k(There)d(are)f(man)o(y)h(such)f(cases)2010 192 y(among)g(the)h(follo)n(wing)h(items.)1950 271 y(.....)g Fg(V)-6 b(arious)17 b(hospital)h(and)f(health-car)o(e)i(pr)o(oblems) 1950 349 y Fj(!*hi)f(Medical)h(errors:)j(name)17 b(confusions,)h(wrong) g(doses;)f(1.5M)g(Americans)h(injured)h(or)2010 428 y(killed)g(each)f (year)g(by)f(medication)j(errors)d(\(R)g(24)g(37,)g(S)g(31)g(6:23\)) 1950 507 y(!hrife)h(Therac)g(25)f(therapeutic)k(accelerator)g (programming)d(and)f(operational)k(\003a)o(ws;)c(2)g([no)n(w)2010 586 y(3])g(killed,)h(3)f(injured)i(\(S)e(11)g(3,)f(12)h(3\);)h(see)f (also)h(Iv)n(ars)f(Peterson,)h(Science)h(Ne)n(ws,)e(12)g(March)2010 665 y(1988;)h(Jon)f(Jack)o(y)l(,)g(The)g(Sciences,)h(NY)f(Acad.)k(Sci)d (Sep/Oct)g(89.)j(See)c(the)h(de\002niti)n(v)o(e)i(article)2010 744 y(by)d(Le)n(v)o(eson/T)m(urner)m(,)i(An)e(In)m(v)o(estigation)j(of) d(the)h(Therac-25)h(Accidents,)f(IEEE)e(Computer)m(,)2010 823 y(July)h(1993,)g(pp.)k(18\22641:)h(2)17 b(deadly)i(\003a)o(ws:)i(a) c(nonatomically)k(edited)d(command)g(line)g(whose)2010 901 y(ef)n(fect)h(did)f(not)f(complete)i(within)g(8)d(seconds,)i(a)f (six-bit)h(counter)h(that)f(when)g(zero)g(bypassed)2010 980 y(the)g(collimator)h(check.)j(Hardw)o(are)d(interlock)h(in)d (Therac)h(20)f(eliminated.)1950 1059 y(!h)g(Therac-lik)o(e)j(f)o (ailures:)k(Data-entry)19 b(errors)f(kill)g(\002)n(v)o(e)f(patients)j (in)d(P)o(anama)h(\(S)e(26)h(6:8,)h(R)e(21)2010 1138 y(49\))1950 1217 y(!\(ei?\))22 b(Zaragoza)d(Spain)f(cancer)h(radiation) h(mistreatment;)f(at)f(least)g(3)f(died)h(\(S)f(16)g(2\))1950 1296 y(*hHfm)g(Medical)i(Usability:)24 b(Ho)n(w)17 b(to)g(Kill)h(P)o (atients)h(Through)e(Bad)h(Design;)g(22)f(w)o(ays)g(that)2010 1375 y(automated)i(hospital)g(systems)e(can)h(result)g(in)f(wrong)h (medication)h(\(R)f(23)f(84,87\))1950 1454 y(*hi)g(Cancer)i(therap)o(y) g(missed)e(tumor)h(sites)f(in)h(10)f(Australian)i(patients)g(\(R)e(22)g (78,)g(S)f(28)h(6:9\))1950 1532 y(*\(!?\)hf)h(77)f(cancer)i(patients)g (e)o(xposed)f(to)g(e)o(xcessi)n(v)o(e)h(radiation)h(\(R)d(23)g(83;)g(S) g(30)g(3:22\))1950 1611 y(*S)g(Hospital)h(turns)g(a)o(w)o(ay)g(as)f (man)o(y)g(as)g(300)g(radiotherap)o(y)k(patients)e(due)f(to)f(computer) h(virus)2010 1690 y(infecting)i(equipment)f(\(R)e(24)g(02\))1950 1769 y(!hi)g(Duk)o(e)h(Hospital)h(sur)o(geons)e(transplant)j (mismatched)f(or)o(gans;)e(f)o(ail)i(to)e(check)h(blood)g(type)g(\(R) 2010 1848 y(22)f(58-59\))1950 1927 y(!hi)g(Baby)h(dies)g(after)g (untrained)i(doctor)e(presses)f(wrong)h(b)o(utton)g(on)f(bypass)g (machine)i(\(R)e(24)2010 2006 y(21\))1950 2085 y(*hi)g(Pittsb)o(ur)o (gh)i(hospital)g(performs)e(mastectomy)i(on)e(wrong)g(patient)i (\(specimens)g(switched\),)2010 2163 y(with)f(ten)f(le)o(gal)i(cases)f (pending)g(\(although)h(the)f(hospital)h(had)f(passed)f(federal)i (inspection\);)2010 2242 y(Maryland)g(hospital)g(lab)f(sent)f(out)h (hundreds)g(of)f(erroneous)h(f)o(alse-ne)o(gati)n(v)o(e)k(blood)c(test) 2010 2321 y(results;)g(lab)g(mistak)o(es;)h(questionable)h(links)e (with)g(o)o(v)o(ersight)h(groups)e(\(R)g(24)g(11\))1950 2400 y(*)g(A)f(risk)i(of)f(laparoscop)o(y:)24 b(accidental)d(damage)d (from)f(stray)g(electrical)k(char)o(ge)e(led)e(to)h(13)2010 2479 y(operations)h(and)f(further)g(complications;)j(lack)d(of)f(de)n (vice)i(testing)g(\(R)e(24)g(20\))1950 2558 y(*fhi)h(Mode-change)h(f)o (ault)g(leads)f(to)f(FD)m(A)g(w)o(arning)i(on)e(glucose)h(monitoring)h (de)n(vice)g(\(R)e(24)2010 2637 y(10\))1950 2716 y(*f)g(Brit.)k (hospital)e(radiation)h(underdoses)f(by)e(30\045)g(due)g(to)h(SW)e(b)o (ug)h(\(S)f(17)i(2,)e(19)h(1:3\))1950 2794 y(*Vm)f(Possible)i(V)-7 b(arian)18 b(radiation)i(therap)o(y)f(risks:)j(run)17 b(by)g(3)g(W)m(indo)n(ws)h(2000)f(PCs,)f(crashes,)2010 2873 y(schedule)j(delays)f(\(S)f(27)g(1:8-9,)g(R)g(21)g(74\))1950 2952 y(*i)g(X-ray)h(machine)g(risk)g(due)f(to)g(mm)f(vs)h(cm)g(units)h 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936 y(*VSrfM)g(Electrocauterizer)22 b(disrupts)c (pacemak)o(er)i(\(S)c(20)h(1:20\))1950 1014 y(*Vrif)g(P)o(acemak)o(er)j (lock)o(ed)f(up)e(when)g(being)h(adjusted)h(by)e(doctor)i(\(S)d(11)h (1\))1950 1093 y(+M)g(Impro)o(v)o(ed)h(designs)g(\(including)h(sealed)g (titanium)g(cases\))f(ha)o(v)o(e)g(reduced)g(the)g(lik)o(elihood)2010 1172 y(of)f(RF)g(interference.)24 b(See)18 b Fi(Design)f(of)h(Car)n (diac)g(P)-5 b(acemak)o(er)o(s,)18 b Fj(John)f(G.)f(W)-5 b(ebster)17 b(\(ed.\),)2010 1251 y(IEEE)e(Press,)i(1995,)g(pp.)g (207\226211.)1950 1330 y(*Mi)g(Japanese)i(w)o(oman')l(s)f(rice)g(cook)o (er)h(reprograms)f(her)f(pacemak)o(er)j(\(R)d(22)g(67\))1950 1409 y(!VrSM)g(Cellular/radio)k(RFI)c(af)n(fects)i(medical)g (equipment;)h(de\002brillator)g(f)o(ails;)2010 1488 y(TV)-7 b(-RFI-altered)20 b(diagnosis)e(leads)g(to)g(unneeded)h(pacemak)o(er)g (\(S)e(19)g(4:7\))1950 1566 y(SMVf)g(Digital)i(mobile)f(phones)g(can)f (phreak)i(pacemak)o(ers)g(\(R)e(22)g(77\))1950 1645 y(+M)g(RF)g(risk)g 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y(*VSHP)g(Risks)g(of)g(Internet-connected)22 b(heart)d(de)n(vices) g(\(R)e(20)g(78\))1950 2513 y(.....)i Fg(Chemical)g(health)e(hazards) 1950 2592 y Fj(!)k(Higher)d(miscarriage)h(rate)f(for)f(w)o(omen)h(in)f (computer)o(-chip)j(manuf)o(acturing)g(\(S)d(12)g(2\))1950 2671 y(!*)g(Reports)h(on)f(miscarriages)i(in)f(U.S.)d(chip)j(w)o(ork)o (ers,)g(Finnish)g(VDT)e(users;)i(ef)n(fects)h(of)2010 2750 y(Nintendo)g(and)e(other)h(games)f(on)g(epilepsy)i(\(S)e(18)g (2:10\))1950 2828 y(*)g(\223Dirty)h(Secrets")h(of)e(chip)h(industry:)k (hazardous)d(chemicals)g(\(R)e(19)g(55\))1950 2907 y(*f\(h?\))22 b(Computer)c(\003a)o(w)f(drops)g(chlorine)j(le)n(v)o(el,)e(mak)o(es)g (w)o(ater)g(undrinkable)i(in)d(Le)n(wiston)i(ME)2010 2986 y(\(S)e(24)g(1:32,)g(R)g(19)g(92\))1950 3065 y(*f)g(Non-mercury)h (replacements)i(for)d(blood-pressure)j(cuf)n(fs)d(may)g(be)h (unreliable)i(\(R)d(22)g(13\))1950 3144 y(.....)i Fg(Electr)o (omagnetic)i(and)16 b(other)i(occupational)i(hazards)1950 3223 y 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y($m)f(2000)i(T)-5 b(oronto-Dominion)19 b(A)-7 b(TMs)15 b(crashed)k(for)e(a)g(week)o(end)i (\(S)e(22)g(2:22\))-390 4800 y($m)f(2001)i(T)-5 b(oronto-Dominion)19 b(Bank)f(system)f(outage)h(af)n(fected)i(debit-card)g(users)d(\(S)g(27) -330 4879 y(1:9-10,)h(R)f(21)g(72-74\))-390 4958 y($h)g(Codelco)i (loses)e($207M)h(on)f(mistyped)h(instruction)i(\(b)o(uy)l(,)c(not)i (sell\))g(\(S)e(19)h(3:5\))-390 5037 y($f)g(Ben)h(&)e(Jerry')l(s)h(e)o (xpects)i(\002rst-e)n(v)o(er)g(loss,)e(partly)h(due)g(to)f(SW)f (problems)i(\(S)f(20)g(2:11\))-390 5116 y($f)g(NZ)f(Databank)j (computer)g(error)e(withholds)i(funds)e(for)g(man)o(y)g(accounts)i(\(S) e(16)g(2\))-390 5195 y($m)f(European)j(A)-7 b(TM)15 b(repeated)20 b(debit)e(\(S)f(14)g(2\))-390 5273 y(V)-7 b(e)17 b(Chemical)i(Bank')l (s)f(A)-7 b(TMs)16 b(go)h(do)n(wn)g(after)h(botched)h(\002le)f(update)g (\(S)f(19)g(4:6\))-390 5352 y(V)-7 b(e)17 b(1529)g(Bank)h(of)f(America) h(A)-7 b(TMs)16 b(do)n(wn)h(after)i(maintenance)h(goof)d(\(R)g(19)g (16\))-390 5431 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y($)g(Norwe)o(gian)i(bank)e (A)-7 b(TM)16 b(gi)n(v)o(es)i(10)f(times)h(the)g(requested)h(cash;)f (long)f(lines)h(\(S)f(15)g(3\))1950 383 y($hi)g(Cost)h(of)f(online)h (banking)h(typo)f(put)f(on)g(consumer:)23 b(e)o(xtra)18 b(digit)g(in)g(Swedish)f(Internet)2010 462 y(banking)i(account)g (number)e(transferred)j(lar)o(ge)e(sum)e(to)h(wrong)h(account)h(\(no)e (check)h(sum\);)2010 541 y(nasty)g(results)g(\(R)f(24)g(43,45;)g(S)g (31)g(6:27\))1950 620 y($h)g(European)h(bank)g(mounted)g(wrong)f(tape)h (redid)h(monthly)f(transfers)g(\(S)f(14)g(2\))1950 699 y($he)h(W)-5 b(ells)17 b(F)o(ar)o(go)g(deposits)h(slip)g(\226)f (another)i(softw)o(are)f(glitch)h(\(S)e(14)g(5\))1950 778 y($f)g(W)-5 b(ells)17 b(F)o(ar)o(go)h(1987)f(IRS)g(forms)f(stated)j (100-times-salary)h(for)d(emplo)o(yees)i(\(S)e(15)g(1\))1950 857 y(V\(m?f?\))22 b(W)-5 b(ells)17 b(F)o(ar)o(go)g(computer)i(netw)o (ork)f(outage)h(\(R)e(21)g(15,)g(S)f(26)h(2:6\))1950 936 y(fh)g(Citibank)i(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(netw)o(ork)j(outage)f(due)g(to)f 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y(f)g(Freddie)h(Mac)g(pro\002ts)f(misstated)i(by)e($220M)g(due)h (to)f(accounting)j(softw)o(are)f(error;)f(b)o(ug)f(had)2010 2434 y(persisted)i(for)e(se)n(v)o(eral)i(years)f(\(R)f(24)g(09\))1950 2513 y($f)g($40M)g(Pentagon)i(foreign)f(military)h(sales)f(computer)h (misses)d($1B)i(\(S)e(13)h(3\))1950 2592 y(hi)g(British)i(audit)f (missing)f(\24337M)h(\(16M)f(`usual)h(errors',)f(21M)g(lost\))h(\(S)e (18)h(3:A6\))1950 2671 y($fe)g(Minnesota)i(PR)e(\002rm)g(cut)g(o)o(v)o (er)h(to)f(untested)i(system,)e(bills)h(months)f(behind)i(\(S)d(13)h (4\))1950 2750 y(f$)g(San)g(Jose)g(system)g(stops)g(issuing)h(garbage)h (bills)f(\(S)e(22)h(2:20\))1950 2828 y($fe)g(IRS)g(COBOL)g (reprogramming)i(delays;)g(interest)g(paid)f(on)f(o)o(v)o(er)g (1,150,000)h(refunds)f(\(S)2010 2907 y(10)g(3:12\))1950 2986 y($fh)g(IRS)g(o)o(v)o(erbills)i(1000)f(people)g(by)f($68M)h(in)f (\002)n(v)o(e)g(\003ood-damaged)i(states)g(\(S)d(18)h(4:4\))1950 3065 y($h)g(IRS)g(audit)h(turns)g(up)f($752)g(VDT)f(v)n(alued)j(at)f 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y(Losses)2010 521 y Fj($SHA)17 b(See)g(Bruce)h(Schneier)h(article)h(on)d(the)h (Future)g(of)f(Fraud)g(\(R)g(20)g(08\))1950 599 y($SHOf)g(TIL)-6 b(T!)15 b(Counterfeit)20 b(pachink)o(o)g(cards)e(send)f($588M)g(do)n (wn)h(the)g(chute)g(\(S)f(21)g(5:19\);)2010 678 y(P)o(achink)o(o)h (cards)f(suggested)h(by)e(a)g(CIA)g(brie\002ng)i(to)e(hinder)i(mone)o (y)e(laundering)j(\(S)d(22)g(1:18\))1950 757 y($SHI)h(V)-9 b(olksw)o(agen)19 b(lost)f($260M)f(to)h(computer)g(based)g(foreign-e)o (xchange)j(fraud)d(\(S)f(12)g(2\))g(5)2010 836 y(people)i(\(4)e (insiders,)g(1)g(outsider\))i(con)m(victed,)h(maximum)d(sentence)i(6)e (years.)1950 915 y($SH)g(Computer)h(problems)g(at)f(BCCI;)h(records)g (\223confused\224?)24 b(\(S)17 b(16)g(4\))1950 994 y(\($\)H)g(F)o(our)g (\002nancial)i(frauds,)f(each)g(foiled)g(\(e.g.,)f(by)g(luck\))h($70M)f (Chicago)i(First)e(National,)2010 1073 y($54.1M)g(Union)h(Bank)g(of)e (Switzerland)k(\(S)d(13)g(3\))g(250M)g(kroner)h(Norwe)o(gian)h (clearing)2010 1152 y(house)f(Bank)o(enes)h(Betalingsentral)i(BBS)d (\(S)e(13)h(3\))g($15.2M)g(Pennsylv)n(ania)j(lottery)f(scam)f(\226)2010 1230 y(post-f)o(abricated)j(tick)o(et)f(\(S)c(13)h(3\))1950 1309 y($SH)g($70)g(million)h(bank)g(scam)f(attempt;)j(bogus)d(request)h (o)o(v)o(erdre)n(w)h(account)g(\(S)e(17)g(3\))1950 1388 y($S)g(Risks)g(in)g(CHIPS)g(clearinghouse)k(handling)e($1M/sec.)j($20M) 17 b(stolen)h(in)f(1989,)2010 1467 y(distrib)o(uted)i(widely;)g (culprits)g(caught)g(b)o(ut)e(only)h($8M)f(reco)o(v)o(ered)i(\(S)e(18)g (1:10\))1950 1546 y($SHI)g(Salomon)h(Brothers)g(scandal)h(aided)f(by)f (misuse)g(of)g(database)j(con\002rmations)e(\(S)f(16)g(4\))1950 1625 y($SHO)g(FBI)g(arrests)h(Emule)o(x)f(securities)i(and)f(wire)f (fraud)h(suspect)g(in)g(stock)f(manipulation)2010 1704 y(hoax)h(\(R)f(21)g(04;)g(S)g(26)g(1:27\))h(with)f(stock)h(plummeting)h (62\045)e(in)g(one)h(day;)g(Mark)f(Simeon)2010 1783 y(Jak)o(ob)h (pleads)g(guilty)l(,)g(29)f(Dec)h(2000,)f(surrendered)i($54,000)e(in)h (cash)f(to)g(court;)i(sentenced)2010 1861 y(on)e(7)g(Aug)g(2001)g(to)h (nearly)g(four)f(years)h(in)f(prison.)1950 1940 y($SHO)g(Jason)g (Diekman)h(settlement:)24 b($272,826)18 b(for)f(perpetuating)j(f)o (alse)f(information)g(on)e(the)2010 2019 y(Internet)i(and)f (pro\002ting)g(from)f(stock)h(\003uctuations)h(in)e(Just)g(T)-5 b(o)o(ys)17 b(Inc.)k(and)c(The)g(Ha)o(v)n(ana)2010 2098 y(Republic)i(\(R)e(21)g(04;)h(S)e(26)i(1:27-28\))1950 2177 y($SHO)n(A/I)f(Russian)h(hack)o(er)h(Vladimir)f(Le)n(vin)g(breaks) g(Citibank)h(security)g(\(S)e(20)g(5:13\),)2010 2256 y(sentenced)i(to)f(3)f(years)g(in)h(jail)g(\(R)f(19)g(61\))g($10)g (million)i(transferred,)g(b)o(ut)e(most)g(of)g(it)2010 2335 y(reco)o(v)o(ered)1950 2413 y($SH)g($15.1M)g(fraud)h(accidentally) j(foiled)e(because)f(of)f(a)g(computer)i(error)f(\(S)e(13)h(2\))1950 2492 y($SH)g($9.5M)g(computer)o(-based)i(check)g(fraud)e(paid)h(le)o (gitimate)j(DCASR)c(in)m(v)o(oice)i(\(S)d(13)h(2\))1950 2571 y($SH)g(Czech)h(hack)o(ers)h(alle)o(gedly)h(rob)d(banks)h(of)f ($1.9M)g(\(S)f(22)h(2:22\))1950 2650 y($SHf)g(27,000)g(euros)h (disappear)h(in)e(22)g(bogus)g(transactions;)k(accused)d(Berlin)h (social)g(w)o(ork)o(er)2010 2729 y(not)e(guilty)i(because)g(of)e (system)g(de\002ciencies)j(\(R)d(24)g(03;)h(S)e(30)h(6:18\))1950 2808 y($H)g(European)h(Community)g(study)f(of)g(fraud)h(on)f(the)h (Internet)h(\(R)e(19)g(13\))1950 2887 y($SHI)g(Olympia)h(W)-8 b(A)16 b(HealthDept)k(check)e(scam)g(detected;)i(four)d(indicted)j(\(S) c(18)h(1:12\))1950 2966 y($SHI)g(Military)i(pay)f(fraud)f(nets)h ($169,000)g(using)f(bogus)g(account)j(\(S)c(23)h(1:14,)h(R)e(19)i(26\)) 1950 3044 y($SHO)f(Plot)g(to)h(tap)f(British)i(bank/credit-card)j (information)d(by)e(higher)o(-tech)j(gang)d(re)n(v)o(ealed)2010 3123 y(by)g(coerced)i(softw)o(are)g(e)o(xpert)f(in)g(jail)g(\(R)f(18)g (70\))1950 3202 y(SHA)l(O)g(Chinese)h(hack)o(ers)h(who)e(transferred)i (720,000)f(yuan)g(to)f(their)h(o)n(wn)f(bank)h(accounts)2010 3281 y(sentenced)h(to)f(death)g(\(R)f(20)g(14\))1950 3360 y(@SHI)g(Massachusetts)i(welf)o(are)g(fraud)f(in)m(v)o(estigators) i(\002red:)i(tax-record)d(misuse)e(\(S)g(22)g(1:20\))1950 3439 y(@$S)g(Risks)g(of)g(Conn.)k(\002ngerprinting)f(system)d(to)g (catch)i(welf)o(are)g(recipients)h(\(R)d(18)g(69\))g(Also,)2010 3518 y(note)h(earlier)h(NY)e(Medicaid)i(proposal)g(\(R)e(13)g(40\))1950 3597 y(fe)g(Softw)o(are)i(incompatibility)i(hinders)e(Florida)f (\002ngerprint)h(system)e(\(R)g(20)g(02\))1950 3675 y($SHI)g(T)-5 b(eller)18 b(embezzles)i($15K,)c(caught)j(by)e(computer)i(audit-trail)h (\(S)d(19)g(3:10\))1950 3754 y($SH)g(Brussels)g(BNP)g(branch)h(hit)g (by)f(BFr)g(245M)g(computer)i(fraud)f(\(S)e(19)h(1:6\))1950 3833 y($SHI)g(Joseph)g(Jett,)h(Kidder)g(Peabody)l(,)f(created)j($350M)d (phantom)h(pro\002ts,)f(got)h(bonus)f(of)2010 3912 y($9M;)h(scheme)f (undetected)k(by)c(KP)f(o)o(v)o(ersight)j(\(double)f(meaning)h(not)e(a) g(pun\))h(\(S)e(19)h(4:12\))1950 3991 y($SH)g(U.K.)e(computerized)21 b(bank)c(fraud)h(nets)g(\2431M)f(\(S)f(14)h(2\))1950 4070 y($SH)g(1993)g(Prague)h(computer)h(crime)e(up)g(75.2\045)h (including)h(a)e($1.2M)g(transfer)i(\(S)d(19)h(1:7\))1950 4149 y($SH)g($1.2M)g(Czech)h(computer)h(fraud)e(culprit)i(gets)f(8)f (years)h(in)f(jail)h(\(S)f(19)g(2:7\))1950 4228 y($SHI)g(Japanese)h (bank)g(w)o(ork)o(ers)g(steal)h(140)e(million)i(yen)e(by)g(PC)g(\(S)g (20)g(2:12\))1950 4306 y($SHI)g(Bank)h(e)o(x)o(ecuti)n(v)o(e)i(in)d (Malaysia)i(transfers)g($1.5M)e(\(S)f(15)h(5\))1950 4385 y($SHI)g($550,000)g(T)-5 b(ok)o(yo)17 b(bank)h(fraud)g(suspected)g(in)g (funds)f(transfers)h(\(S)f(19)g(2:6\))1950 4464 y($SHI)g(Beijing)i (Hotel)f(managers)g(embezzle)i($9K)d(by)g(rigging)h(billing)h(records)f (\(S)f(19)g(4:13\))1950 4543 y($H)g(Chemicals)i(cause)f(checks)g(to)f (disappear)m(,)j(bogus)d(checks)h(clear)h(and)e(v)n(anish)i(\(S)d(13)h (3\))1950 4622 y($SHA)g(F)o(oiled)h(counterfeiting)j(of)c(7,700)g(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(cards)i(using)f(codes)h(in)f(database)j(\(S)c(14)h(2\);)2010 4701 y(\002)n(v)o(e)h(admit)f(automated)j(teller)f(scam)e(\(Mark)h(K)n (oenig\))f(\(S)g(14)g(5\))1950 4780 y(SHO)f(Italian)k(thie)n(v)o(es)f (use)e(bank)h(cards,)f(PINs,)f(captured)j(with)f(bogus)f(machine)i(\(S) e(17)g(4\))1950 4858 y($SHA)g(Customer)h(reprograms)g(A)-7 b(TM)15 b(to)j(debit)g($5)f(for)g(each)h($20)g(\(R)f(24)g(43,)f(S)h(31) g(6:28-29\))1950 4937 y($SHf)g(Is)f(a)h(cleared)j(check)e(really)h(lik) o(e)g(mone)o(y)e(in)g(the)h(bank?)k(NO!)17 b(Another)h(scam)f(\(R)g(22) 2010 5016 y(44-45\))1950 5095 y($SHA)l(Oei)h(Bogus)f(Y)-7 b(ahoo)18 b(e-mail)h(gathers)f(credit-card)i(numbers)d(from)g (unsuspecting)i(people)2010 5174 y(\(R)e(22)g(31\))1950 5253 y($SH)g(Bogus)g(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(used)h(to)g(steal)i(PINs,)d (withdra)o(w)i($100,000;)g(tw)o(o)g(arrested)h(\(S)e(18)g(3:A9\))g(2) 2010 5332 y(arrested;)i(300)f(accounts)h(hit)e(at)h(50)f(banks;)h($12M) f(in)g(fraud)h(acti)n(vity)i(\(R)d(14)g(85\))1950 5411 y($SHP)g(UK)f(stolen)i(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(captures)j(IDs/PINS,)e(enables)h 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y($VmA)f(Diner')l(s)j(Club)e (authentication)22 b(in)c(Belgium)g(out;)g(Ro)o(yal)g(Bank)g (transmission)h(f)o(ailure)2010 857 y(in)e(Canada)i(af)n(fects)g(man)o (y)e(\(R)g(20)g(02\))1950 936 y($SHOf)g(Thief)g(gets)h($63,900)f(with)h (stolen)g(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(card&PIN,)h(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(program)i(error)f (\(S)g(17)g(2\))1950 1014 y($SHAf)g(Security)i(P)o(aci\002c)f(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(theft)i(bypasses)g(PINs,)e(limits,)i(nets)f($350,000)h(\(S)f (14)g(1\))1950 1093 y($SHfe)g(Australian)j(W)-5 b(estpac)18 b(A)-7 b(TMs)15 b(big)j(losses)f(\(IMS)g(2.2)f(installed)k(untested\))f (\(S)e(12)g(3\))1950 1172 y($ef)g(Australian)j(W)-5 b(estpac)18 b(Internet)h(Banking)g(upgrade)f(problems)g(lock)g(out)f(customers)h(o) o(v)o(er)2010 1251 y(the)g(week)o(end)h(\(R)e(23)g(59\))1950 1330 y($hi)g(W)-5 b(estpac)18 b(bank)g(shares)g(suspended)g(after)g (annual)h(results)f(released)h(early)g(\(R)e(24)g(10\))1950 1409 y($SHA)g($1800)g(card)h(mak)o(er)g(and)g(spied)f(PIN)g(numbers)g (nets)h($86K)f(from)g(A)-7 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b(\(S)17 b(17)g(3\))1950 2119 y(@$SH)g(550)g(felonies)i(in)e(1991)h(for)f(SSN)f(misuse;)i(12)f (people)h(adopt)h(a)e(single)h(SSN;)f($10,000)2010 2197 y(char)o(ge)h(loss;)g(5)f(people)h(cleaned)i(out)d(someone)h(else')l(s) g(bene\002ts)g(\(S)f(16)g(4\))1950 2276 y($H)g(Scholarship)i(scam)e (used)g(to)h(gain)f(SSNs,)f(bank)i(and)f(credit-card)k(numbers)c(\(S)g (18)g(1:14\))1950 2355 y($SHI)g(Social)h(\(In\)Security)i(emplo)o(yees) f(sold)e(11,000)h(SSNs)e(to)h(acti)n(v)n(ate)k(cards)d(stolen)g(in)f (the)2010 2434 y(mail)h(\(S)e(21)h(4\),\(R)g(18)g(02\))1950 2513 y(SPhi)g(US)g(PO)n(Ws)e(in)j(Iraq)f(ha)o(v)o(e)h(their)g(Social)h (Security)g(numbers)e(re)n(v)o(ealed;)j(implications)2010 2592 y(discussed)e(once)g(again)g(\(R)f(22)g(67-70\))1950 2671 y(P)g(V)l(ir)o(ginia)h(appeals)h(court)f(bans)g(use)f(of)g(SSNs)f (in)h(v)o(oter)h(re)o(gistration)i(\(S)d(18)g(3:A11\))1950 2750 y(SH)f(Japanese)j(department-store)i(credit-card)f(fraud)e(case;)g (incidents)i(are)d(increasing)j(\(R)d(20)2010 2828 y(77\))1950 2907 y($H)g(Japanese)h(BBoard)h(fraud)e(traps)h(passw)o(ords,)f(gains)h (mone)o(y;)g(culprit)h(caught)f(\(S)f(17)g(4\))1950 2986 y($Hhi)g(Gre)o(yhound)i(racetrack)h(tak)o(es)e(bets)g(after)g(race;)h (NZ$7,000)e(payout)h(\(S)f(18)g(2;4\))1950 3065 y($H)g(V)l(ideo)h(quiz) g(game)f(scam)g(\226)g(teams)g(of)g("e)o(xperts")i(with)f(right)g (answers)f(\(S)g(11)g(5\))1950 3144 y($fH)g(Students)h(cheat)h(Brit.T) -5 b(elecom,)19 b(gain)f(\24368,000)f(in)g(contest)i(\(S)e(17)g(4\)) 1950 3223 y($SPH)g(Brazilian)j(bank)d(reserv)o(e)i(data)f(disappears;)h (political)i(link?)h(\(S)17 b(18)g(2:15\))1950 3302 y($SPH)g(K)o(uw)o (ait)h(In)m(v)o(estment)h(Of)n(f.)i(disk)o(ettes)e(stolen)g(from)d (Spanish)i(Go)o(vt.)j(\(S)c(18)g(2:16\))1950 3381 y($$H)g(Nick)h (Leeson')l(s)f(Barings)i(losses)e(predate)i(ne)n(w)f(risk-management)h (system)e(\(S)g(20)g(3:7\))1950 3459 y($H)g(Sa)o(vings)g(and)h(Loan)f (def)o(aults)i(link)o(ed)g(to)e(internal)j(fraud,)d(creati)n(v)o(e)j (mismanagement.)2010 3538 y(What)d(could)i(computers)f(ha)o(v)o(e)g (done)f(for)g(S&Ls)f(to)h(pre)n(v)o(ent)i(fraud/ab)o(use?)24 b(\(S)17 b(14)g(2\))1950 3617 y($SH)g(1987:)22 b(FBI)17 b(estimates)h(a)o(v)o(erage)h(computer)g(fraud)e($650K,)g(total)i ($3B-$5B/year)h(\(S)d(12)2010 3696 y(3\))g(and)g($1.5M)g(a)o(v)o(erage) i(for)e(computer)i(frauds)e(in)g(\002nancial)j(institutions)g([old)d (data)i(as)d(of)2010 3775 y(then?])1950 3854 y($SH)h(2002:)22 b(U.S.)15 b(Computer)k(crime)e(w)o(ay)h(up,)f(says)g(FBI)g(\(S)f(27)h (3:11,)g(R)g(22)g(03\))1950 3933 y($H)g(Customs)g(Service)i(back-dates) g(computer)g(clock)f(at)g(end)f(of)g(\002scal)h(year)g(\(S)f(14)g(5\)) 1950 4011 y($H)g(Alle)o(ged)i(fraud)e(in)h(computer)g(billing)h (services)g(\(S)d(14)h(5\))1950 4090 y(SH)f(Risks)i(in)f(check)h(for)o (gery)g(\(S)f(15)g(1\))2010 4304 y Fl(1.19)99 b(Stock-Mark)o(et)27 b(Phenomena)2010 4427 y Fj($hi)17 b(UBS)g(W)-5 b(arb)o(ur)o(g)17 b(trader')l(s)i(error)f(causes)f(multi-million-dollar)22 b(loss)17 b(on)g(T)-5 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y(*$Vm)g(Sprint)h(long-distance)i(out)e(for)f(3.5hrs,)f(15)h (Jul)g(1991,)g(due)h(to)f(\002ber)o(-optic)i(cable)g(cut)e(in)-330 5434 y(San)g(Fran)h(East)f(Bay)g(Area;)h(A)-7 b(T&T)15 b(saturated)20 b(by)d(rerouting)i(\(S)d(16)h(3\))-390 5513 y(*Vm)f(Portland)j(OR)e(area)h(suf)n(fers)g(\002ber)o(-optic)h (phone)f(cable)g(cut,)g(incl.)k(911)17 b(\(S)g(17)g(1\))-390 5592 y(m)f(Sliced)j(\002ber)o(-optic)g(cable)g(in)e(Lancaster)i(P)-6 b(A)16 b(disrupts)i(local)h(and)e(long-distance)k(phone)2010 -90 y(service)e(NY)d(to)h(MD)g(\(R)g(20)g(93;)h(S)e(26)h(1:20-21\);)i (another)g(outage)f(in)g(Massachusetts)h(\(R)e(20)2010 -11 y(97\))1950 68 y($Vhme)g(Ground-cable)j(remo)o(v)n(al)e(blo)n(ws)g (Io)n(w)o(a)g(City)g(phone)g(system)f(upgrade)i(\(S)d(20)h(2:8\))1950 147 y(Vm)f(W)-5 b(orldCom)17 b(cable)i(cut)f(near)g(Jackson)m(ville)i (af)n(fects)f(telephones,)g(ISPs)e(\(R)g(19)g(88\))1950 226 y(V$hm)g(Massi)n(v)o(e)h(\002ber)f(cut)h(near)g(Cle)n(v)o(eland)i 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y(*me)g(San)g(Francisco)i(911)e(system)g Fi(still)i Fj(not)e(w)o(orking)h(properly)h(\(S)e(21)g(2:19\))1950 1172 y(V\(h/H\))g(Merit)i(\(NSF\))d(T3)h(\002ber)g(cable)i(cut)e(by)h (backhoe;)h(RISKS)e(story)g(bogused)h(\(S)f(18)g(1:6\))1950 1251 y(Vmh)f(NY)h(T)-5 b(el)17 b(cable)i(cut)f(causes)g(e)o(xtensi)n(v) o(e)i(three-day)f(disruptions)g(\(S)e(18)g(4:5\))1950 1330 y(Vm)f(Camp\002re)i(melts)g(\002ber)o(-optic)h(telephone)g(cable)g (in)e(Connecticut)k(\(S)c(19)g(1:4\))1950 1409 y(Vm)f(Se)n(v)o(ered)j (MCI)e(\002ber)o(-optic)i(cable)g(in)e(NY)g(cripples)i(East)e(Coast)g (Internet)j(and)d(phones)h(\(R)2010 1488 y(19)f(82\))1950 1566 y(V$m)f(Los)h(Angeles)h(\002re)f(knocks)h(out)f(phone)h(service)h (\(S)e(19)g(3:7\))1950 1645 y(Vm)f(MFS)h(Communications)i(switch)f(f)o (ails,)g(with)g(widespread)h(ef)n(fects)g(\(S)e(23)g(1:10,)g(R)g(19)g (39\))1950 1724 y($Vm)f(Mud)i(slide)g(cuts)f(East-Coast)i(MCI)e (\002ber)m(,)g(phones)h(\(S)e(19)h(3:7\))1950 1803 y(*m)f(Optic)j 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y(Vm)f(Indian)j(satellite)h(po)n(wer)e(f)o(ailure)h(leads)f(to)f (abandonment)j(\(S)c(23)h(1:11,)h(R)f(19)g(41\))1950 1645 y(@Vm)f(U.K.)g(lottery)j(terminals)g(do)n(wned)f(by)f(satellite)j (netw)o(ork)f(breakdo)n(wn)g(\(S)e(20)g(5:10;)h(R)2010 1724 y(17)f(18\))1950 1803 y(.....)i Fg(Other)e(computer)h(netw)o(ork)h (and)d(ISP)g(pr)o(oblems)1950 1882 y Fj(Vrf)h(ARP)-6 b(Anet)18 b(ground)f(to)h(a)f(complete)i(halt;)f(accidentally-propa)q (gat)q(ed)23 b(status-message)2010 1961 y(virus)17 b([27Oct1980])i(\(S) e(6)g(1:)k(Reference)f(\226)d(Eric)g(Rosen,)g("V)-5 b(ulnerabilities)22 b(of)17 b(netw)o(ork)2010 2040 y(control)i(protocols",)f(SEN,)e (January)i(1981,)f(pp.)k(6-8\))1950 2119 y(Vrfd)c(ARP)-6 b(Anet)18 b(loses)f(Ne)n(w)h(England)g(despite)g(7-trunk)g (\223redundanc)o(y\224;)j(one)d(accidental)2010 2197 y(cable)h(cut)f(in)f(White)h(Plains)g(knocks)f(out)h(all)g(7)f(links,)g (12)g(Dec)h(1986)f(\(S)g(12)g(1\))1950 2276 y(Vhef)g(Internet)j (routing)e(black)g(hole)g(cuts)g(of)n(f)f(ISPs;)g(MAI)g(Netw)o(ork)h (Services)h(routing)f(table)2010 2355 y(errors)f(directed)j(50,000)d (routing)i(addresses)f(to)f(MAI;)g(InterNIC)i(goof)e(as)g(well,)h(23)f (Apr)2010 2434 y(1997)g(\(S)g(22)g(4:25,)g(R)g(19)g(12\))1950 2513 y(Vm)f(Explosion)i(causes)g(Internet)h(black)o(out)h(in)d(Ne)n(w)h (England)g(\(S)e(23)h(1:10,)h(R)e(19)h(29,30\))1950 2592 y(Vhe)g(DNS)g(upgrade)h(causes)g(e-mail)g(black)h(hole)f(\(R)f(20)g (25\))1950 2671 y(V)-7 b(e)17 b(Internet)i(nameserv)o(er)g(problem)f (af)n(fects)g(.com)f(and)h(.net,)f(16-17)g(Jul)g(1997)h(\(S)e(22)h (5:13\))1950 2750 y(fh)g(\223Un\002xable")i(error)f(in)f(InterNIC)h (Whois)f(database)j(with)d(name)h(confusion:)23 b(another)2010 2828 y(Catch-22)c(\(R)e(19)g(77\))1950 2907 y(-)g(ICANN)g(tak)o(es)h (hits)g(from)e(la)o(wmak)o(ers)j(\(R)e(22)g(90\))1950 2986 y(SPhi)g(Open)h(letter)h(to)e(ICANN)g(from)g(Lauren)g(W)-5 b(einstein:)23 b(Why)17 b(\223dot-xxx\224)i(is)e(for)g(Chumps)2010 3065 y(\(R)g(24)g(05\))1950 3144 y(Vm)f(UK)h(ISP)f(suf)n(fers)i (three-fold)h(po)n(wer)f(loss:)k(public)c(grid,)g(backup)g(generator)m (,)h(and)f(standby)2010 3223 y(batteries)i(\(R)d(22)g(69;)g(S)g(28)g (4:6\))1950 3302 y(m)f(Added)i(note)g(on)f(risks)g(of)g(systems)g (maintenance)j(taking)f(place)g(in)e(a)g(dif)n(ferent)j(time)d(zone) 2010 3381 y(\(re:)22 b(.COM,)16 b(.NET)f(DNS)i(tables\))h(\(R)f(19)g (35\))1950 3459 y(Vf)g(\223Redundant\224)j(Finnet)e(virtual)h(circuits) h(both)d(f)o(ail)i(\(S)d(22)h(4:27,)h(R)f(18)g(76\))1950 3538 y(@Vhef)h(Internet)h(routing)f(black)h(hole)f(cuts)f(of)n(f)h (ISPs;)e(MAI)h(Netw)o(ork)i(Services)f(routing)h(table)2010 3617 y(errors)e(directed)j(50,000)d(routing)i(addresses)f(to)f(MAI;)g (InterNIC)i(goof)e(as)g(well)2010 3696 y([23Apr1997])h(\(S)f(22)g (4:25,)g(R)g(19)g(12\))1950 3775 y(VSH)f(Netw)o(ork)j(Solutions)f (blocks)g(b)o(ulk)g(accesses)g(to)g Ff(whois)d Fj(database)20 b(\(R)d(19)g(96\))1950 3854 y(m/f/h?)22 b(Root)c(serv)o(ers)f(used)h (by)f(Netw)o(ork)h(Solutions)h(f)o(ailed)g(\(R)e(21)g(03;)g(S)g(26)g (1:18-19\))1950 3933 y(@Vhe)g(Netw)o(ork)i(Solutions)f(goof)g(b)o(umps) e(Nasdaq)i(of)n(f)f(the)h(Internet)h(\(S)e(23)g(1:10,)g(R)g(19)g(34\)) 1950 4011 y(f)g(Nasdaq)h(glitch)g(duplicates)i(reports)e(for)f(stocks)h (starting)h(with)f('M')e(or)h('N',)g(in\003ating)i(daily)2010 4090 y(v)o(olume)f(\002gures)f(\(S)g(27)g(6:10,)g(R)g(22)g(18\))1950 4169 y($f)g(Nasdaq)h(temporarily)h(reports)f(incorrect)i(pricing,)e(do) n(wn)g(98\045)f(\(R)g(22)g(86\))1950 4248 y(Vh)g(Minneapolis)i (homeless)f(b)o(urn)f(out)h(US)e(W)-5 b(est)17 b(Internet)i(\002ber)f (cables)g(\(R)f(17)g(23\))1950 4327 y(V)-7 b(e)17 b(Bad)g(upgrade)i (disconnects)g(much)e(of)g(Minnesota)i(\(MR.Net/InternetMCI\))j(for)17 b(12)g(hours)2010 4406 y(\(R)g(18)g(46,47\))1950 4485 y(h)g(A)l(OL)f(Long)h(Distance)i(electronic)i(\(non\)billing)e(\(S)e (23)g(4:22\))1950 4564 y($\(h/m?\))22 b(Erroneous)17 b(A)l(OL)g(stock)h(charts)g(attrib)o(uted)i(to)d(\223malfunction\224)k (\(R)c(19)g(66\))1950 4642 y(Vh)g(Star)g(W)-5 b(ars)17 b(Phantom)h(Menace)g(tchatchkis)i(bring)e(do)n(wn)g(eBay)g(serv)o(er)g (on)f(3)f(May)i(1999;)2010 4721 y(Amazon)g(had)f(no)g(troubles)i(\(dif) n(ferent)g(system)f(types\))g(\(R)f(20)g(38\))1950 4800 y(V)-7 b(e)17 b(eBay)h(embarrassed)g(by)f(crash)h(and)g(22-hour)f (outage,)i(plunge)f(of)f(stock)h(\(R)f(20)g(45\);)h(traced)2010 4879 y(to)f(absence)i(of)e(upgrade)i(\(R)e(20)g(47\))1950 4958 y($ei)h(MSN)e(\223upgrade\224)k(creates)f(long-distance)h(calling) g(char)o(ges)e(\(S)f(26)g(4:6,)g(R)g(21)2010 5037 y(32,40,54,56\))1950 5116 y(f)n(f)g(Swisscom)g(Mobile)i(GSM)d(netw)o(ork)j(breaks)f(do)n(wn) f(for)g(10)g(hours,)g(due)h(to)f(tw)o(o)g(independent)2010 5195 y(softw)o(are)i(\003a)o(ws)d(\(S)h(26)g(6:9-10,)h(R)f(21)g(60\)) 1950 5273 y(\(m/f?\))22 b(Long)16 b(black)o(out)k(of)d(mobile)h(phone)g (service)h(in)e(greater)i(Frankfurt)f(\(R)f(22)g(90\))1950 5352 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y(22)e(25,37-38\);)h(ideal)h(v)o(oting)f(systems?)j(\(R)c(22)g (34\);)h(further)g(discussion)h(of)e(the)g(Mercuri)2010 1803 y(Method,)h(alternati)n(v)o(es,)j(and)c(b)o(utter\003y)h(ballots)h (again,)f(and)f(other)i(discussions)f(\(R)f(22)2010 1882 y(27-31,38\))1950 1961 y(SHP\002)f(Boston)i(gets)g(Diebold)g(AccuV)-9 b(ote)20 b(mark)o(ed-paper)f(reader)g(systems,)d(seemingly)2010 2040 y(lacking)j(in)e(assurance)i(of)e(correct)i(tab)o(ulation)h(\(b)o (ut)d(at)h(least)g(recounts)h(by)e(independent)2010 2119 y(systems)g(are)h(possible)g(\226)f(if)g(requested\))i(\(R)e(22)g(39\)) 1950 2197 y(SH?)g(Diebold)i(AccuV)-9 b(ote)19 b(system)e(inte)o(grity)j (questioned)f(in)e(Geor)o(gia)i(because)f(of)f(the)h(use)f(of)2010 2276 y(an)g(unprotected)j(FTP)d(site)g(for)g(storing)i(election)g (softw)o(are,)g(election)g(results)g(\002les,)d(upgrade)2010 2355 y(\002les,)h(etc.)22 b(\(for)17 b(e)o(xample,)h(see)f Fi(The)h(Re)m(gister)p Fj(,)g(8)e(Feb)i(2003;)f(surprising)i(Max)e (Cleland)2010 2434 y(defeat)i(link)o(ed?)1950 2513 y(SPH)d(Po)n(werv)o (ote)j(electronic)i(v)o(ote)c(machines)i(open)e(to)h(tampering:)23 b(bogus)17 b(ballot)i(f)o(ace)g(\(R)e(22)2010 2592 y(44\))1950 2671 y(*m)f(Explosion)i(of)f(nick)o(el-cadmium)k(batteries)f(used)d(in) g(electronic)k(v)o(oting)d(\(R)f(22)g(28\))1950 2750 y(Sf)g(P)o(anel)h(reports)g(DoD)f(SER)-5 b(VE)15 b(System)i(f)o(atally) j(\003a)o(wed;)e(b)o(ureaucrats)i(in)d(denial)i(\(R)e(23)2010 2828 y(14-15\))1950 2907 y(SHf)g(Ho)n(w)g(to)g(Hack)h(an)f(Election;)i (Maryland)g(\(R)e(23)g(17\);)h(Physical)g(security)h(of)e(v)o(oting) 2010 2986 y(machines)h(\(R)f(23)h(20\);)f(blank)h(page)g(anomaly)h(\(R) e(23)g(24\))1950 3065 y(SH)f(Online)j(poll)f(rigging)g(\(R)f(23)g(13\)) 1950 3144 y(S+/-)h(A)-5 b(vi)17 b(Rubin')l(s)h(e)o(xperiences)i(as)d (an)h(election)h(judge:)2010 3223 y(http://www)l(.a)o (virubin.com/judge.html)k(\(R)17 b(23)g(25\))1950 3302 y(S\(Denial)i(of)e(Service!\))23 b(Man)o(y)17 b(ne)n(w)h(e-v)o(oting)g 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b(House)g(District)2010 5510 y(91,)f(6Jan2004,)g(winner)h(Ellyn)g(Bogdanof)n(f)h(by)e(only)h (12)f(v)o(otes)g(o)o(v)o(er)h(Oli)n(v)o(er)g(P)o(ark)o(er)m(,)h(out)e (of)2010 5589 y(10,844)g(cast)h(ballots,)g(with)g(137)f(supposedly)i (blank)f(ballots)h(in)e(the)h(only)g(item)f(in)h(a)f(special)1908 5896 y Fk(27)p eop end %%Page: 28 28 TeXDict begin 28 27 bop -330 -90 a Fj(election;)20 b(no)d(mandated)i (recount)g(possible)f(with)g(ES&S)e(touch-screen)k(v)o(oting)e(\(R)f (23)g(12\))-390 -11 y(Sie)g(Data)h(transfer)h(Excel-COBOL)f(loses)f(v)o (oter)h(data)g(in)g(2003)f(Green)m(ville)j(Mississippi)-330 68 y(election)g(\(R)d(22)g(95\))-390 147 y(hi$)g(Grant)h(P)o(arish,)g (Louisiana,)g(election)i(results)e(re)n(v)o(ersed)h(by)e(doubled)h (absentee)h(counts;)-330 226 y(ne)n(w)f(election)h(to)f(be)f(held)h (\(R)f(23)g(02\))-390 305 y(SH)f(Hack)o(ers)j(break)f(in)f(to)h(V)-9 b(oteHere)19 b(\(which)f(claims)g(\223best-of-breed)i(security\224\))g (\(R)d(23)g(12\))-390 383 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4800 y(SHPhi)g(Perils)h(of)f(database)i(matching)g(on)e(v)o(oter)h(pur) o(ges)f(\(R)g(23)g(45;)h(S)e(30)h(1:17-18\))-390 4879 y(SPHhmf,)f(etc.)22 b(Rebecca)d(Mercuri')l(s)g(challenge)h(at)e(Black)g (Hat)g(Con)m(v)o(ention)i(\(R)d(23)g(47\);)g(The)-330 4958 y(Mr)g(Mica)o(wber)i(Syndrome)e(relating)j(to)d(incidents)i(\(R)f (23)f(47\);)g(Al)g(K)n(ol)o(wicz)i(e)n(victed)h(for)-330 5037 y(submitting)f(real)f(accurac)o(y/logic)k(tests)c(in)f(Boulder)h (County)h(\(R)e(23)g(48\);)g(Obion)h(County)-330 5116 y(T)-5 b(ennessee)18 b(v)o(ote)g(counting)h(problems,)e(f)o(ailing)i (to)e(count)h(early)g(v)o(otes)g(\(R)e(23)h(49\);)h(Sequoia')l(s)-330 5195 y(ne)n(w)g(paper)g(audit-trail)i(system)d(demo)h(f)o(ailed)h(to)e (record)h(test)g(v)o(otes)g(cast)f(by)g(California)-330 5273 y(State)h(Senators)g(\(R)e(23)g(50\);)i(that)f(Sequoia)h(system)f (used)f(in)h(Ne)n(v)n(ada)i(in)d(2004)h(\(R)g(23)f(52,53\);)-330 5352 y(Maryland)j(rules)f(against)g(opponents)h(of)e(e-v)o(oting)h 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y(ha)o(v)o(e)g(absentee)h(ballots)g(scanned,)f(sent)f(by)g (unencrypted)j(e-mail)f(to)e(Ome)o(ga)g(T)-5 b(echnologies)2010 462 y(\(partisan)19 b(\223trusted)g(third)f(party\224\),)g(which)g (then)g(f)o(ax)o(es)g(the)g(printed)h(v)o(ersion)f(to)f(the)2010 541 y(appropriate)j(precinct!)k(Signed)18 b(w)o(ai)n(v)o(ers)h(of)e (your)g(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)i(rights)f(required.)23 b(\(R)17 b(23)g(52\))1950 620 y(S+)g(California)j(Secretary)f(of)e(State)i(K)n (e)n(vin)f(Shelle)o(y)h(\(who)e(mandated)i(v)o(oter)o(-v)o(eri\002ed)h (paper)2010 699 y(trail)f(by)e(2006\))g(established)j(more)d(stringent) i(requirements)g(for)f(touch-screen)h(machines)2010 778 y(\(R)e(23)g(45\);)h(Go)o(v)l(.)i(Schw)o(arzene)o(gger)h(signs)c (California)j(paper)e(trail)h(bill)f(into)g(la)o(w)f(\(R)g(23)g(55\)) 1950 857 y(SHhmf)f(etc.)22 b(Lost)17 b(records)h(of)f(2002)g(Florida)i (v)o(ote)e(raise)h(2004)g(concern)h(\(R)e(23)g(46\);)g(Alabama)2010 936 y(2003,)g(ES&S)f(machines)i(re)n(v)o(ersed)h(the)f(go)o(v)o(ernor') l(s)h(race,)e(not)h(detected)i(until)e(long)2010 1014 y(afterw)o(ard!)23 b(Be)n(v)18 b(Harris)g(records)g(51)f(cases)h(in)f (which)h(v)o(oting)g(machines)h(recorded)f(the)2010 1093 y(wrong)f(outcomes,)h(including)i(W)-5 b(ayne)17 b(County)h(NC)f(\(re)n (v)o(ersed)i(in)e(time\);)i(100\045)e(error)h(in)2010 1172 y(Orange)g(County)g(in)g(1998)f(bond)g(issue)h(\(yes/no)g(re)n(v)o (ersed\))h(\(R)e(23)g(51;)h(more)f(on)g(Be)n(v)2010 1251 y(Harris')l(s)h(crusade,)g(R)f(23)g(45)g([her)g(predictions)j(were)e(f) o(airly)h(prescient]\))1950 1330 y(SHf)e(Multiple)i(security)g (vulnerabilities)j(in)17 b(Diebold)h(Optical)i(Scan)d(1.94w)g(used)g (to)h(tally)2010 1409 y(25M)f(v)o(otes)h(in)f(2004)g(\(R)g(23)g(94-95;) h(S)f(30)g(4:27-28\))1950 1488 y(.....)i Fg(2005)e(U)m(.S.)e(election) 20 b(e)o(v)o(ents:)1950 1566 y Fj(SH)c(Ballots)j(\223enhanced\224)i(by) c(L.A.)e(City)j(Clerk)g(\(R)f(23)g(79;)h(S)e(30)h(3:37\))1950 1645 y(mfhH?)g(Se)n(v)o(en)h(v)o(oting)g(machines)h(under)f(scrutin)o (y)g(in)g(W)-5 b(ayne)17 b(County)h(P)-6 b(A;)17 b(211)g(v)o(otes)2010 1724 y(counted)i(with)f(163)f(cast)h(\(R)f(23)g(90;)g(S)g(30)g(4:27\)) 1950 1803 y(f,m,h)f(Le)o(gal)h(docs)h(e)o(xpose)g(v)n(arious)g(risks)f (in)h(routine)g(Diebold)h(maintenance)h(in)d(North)2010 1882 y(Carolina)i(\(R)e(24)g(06;)h(S)e(30)h(6:25\))1950 1961 y(fmhi)g(V)-9 b(oting)19 b(glitches)g(from)e(the)g(7)g(No)o(v)g (2005)h(election)h(\(Joe)f(Hall,)f(R)g(24)g(10\):)22 b(San)17 b(Joaquin)2010 2040 y(County)l(,)g(CA:)h(misplaced)h(memory)e (cartridge;)j(Cumberland)f(County)l(,)e(P)-6 b(A:)17 b(softw)o(are)i(error)2010 2119 y(forces)f(recount;)h(Harwinton,)f(CT)m (:)f(V)-9 b(oting)19 b(machine)f(snafu)g(may)f(lead)h(to)f(challenge;) 2010 2197 y(P)o(asquotank)i(Co.,)d(NC:)i(14-v)o(ote)g(gap)f(questioned) i(Lucas)e(Co.,)g(OH:)g(State)h(plans)g(to)2010 2276 y(in)m(v)o (estigate)i(v)o(oting)e(chaos;)h(W)m(ichita)g(County)l(,)e(TX:)g(Human) g(errors)h(hamper)f(v)o(oting;)2010 2355 y(Montgomery)h(County)l(,)g (OH:)f('Human)g(error')h(creates)h(doubt)f(about)g(phantom)g(v)o(otes) 1950 2434 y(.....)h Fg(2006)e(U)m(.S.)e(election)20 b(e)o(v)o(ents:) 1950 2513 y Fj(Shi)d(EFF)f(sues)h(North)h(Carolina)h(o)o(v)o(er)f (electronic)i(v)o(oting-machine)g(certi\002cation)h(\(R)c(24)g(12\)) 1950 2592 y(fmhi?)k(T)-5 b(e)o(xas)18 b(v)o(oting)f(recount)i(halted;)g (discrepancies)h(of)c(20\045)h(between)i(count)f(and)f(report)h(\(R) 2010 2671 y(24)f(21\))1950 2750 y(fm)f(Computer)j(problems)e(with)h(v)o (oting)g(system)f(in)m(v)n(alidated)22 b(U.W)m(isconsin-Madison)d (student)2010 2828 y(council)g(election;)h(then,)e(f)o(ailed)h(again)f (due)g(to)f(softw)o(are)i(errors)e(\(R)g(24)g(23,24\))1950 2907 y(f)g(Brennan)h(Center)h(study)f(\002nds)e(man)o(y)i(\003a)o(ws)e (in)i(three)g(v)o(endors')g(systems)f(\(R)g(24)g(38\))1950 2986 y(f)g(Princeton)i(analysis)f(of)f(Diebold)i(Accuv)o(ote-TS)f (security)h(\(R)e(24)g(42\);)h(another)h(report)f(\(R)f(24)2010 3065 y(39\))1950 3144 y(f)g(More)g(on)g(v)o(oting)h(in)g(Ohio)f(\(R)g (24)g(40\);)h(Cuyahoga)g(County)g(report)h(\(R)e(24)g(43\))1950 3223 y(SP)f(A)-5 b(vi)18 b(Rubin')l(s)g(e)o(xperience)i(as)d(an)h (election)h(of)n(\002cial)h(\(R)d(24)g(42-43\);)h(another)h(e)o (xperience)h(\(R)2010 3302 y(24)d(44\))1950 3381 y(Sf)g(Florida')l(s)h (v)o(oting)g(system)g(certi\002cation)i(inadequate)h(\(Rebecca)e (Mercuri,)g(R)d(24)i(50,)e(S)h(32)2010 3459 y(1\))1950 3538 y(SPfhi,)g(etc.)k(Bo)d(Lipari')l(s)g(weblog)g(on)f(election)j (problems:)i(an)17 b(e)o(xcerpt)i(\(R)f(24)f(47,)f(S)h(32)g(1\))1950 3617 y($SfhiV)g(etc.)22 b(Fi)n(v)o(e)c(U.S.)e(House)h(election)j (results)e(unresolv)o(ed)h(after)f(2)f(weeks:)22 b(Me)o(xico)d(1st)2010 3696 y(Congressional)h(district,)e(with)g(a)f(.5\045)g(dif)n(ference;)j (North)e(Carolina)h(8th)f(Congressional)2010 3775 y(district,)h(with)e (a)g(.025\045)h(dif)n(ference;)i(North)e(Carolina)h(Court)f(of)f (Appeals,)h(with)g(a)f(.24\045)2010 3854 y(dif)n(ference;)k(W)m 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(x)h(Halderman)h(\(R)e(26)g(20\),)g(and)g(T)n(rust)g(the)g(V)-9 b(ote)18 b(\226)f(not!)2010 1251 y(\(Rebecca)j(Mercuri\))e(\(R)f(26)g (20\))1950 1330 y(Incidentally)l(,)j(the)e(EVT/W)o(O)m(TE)e(2010)h(w)o (orkshop)h(also)g(had)f(a)g(highly)i(rele)n(v)n(ant)h(talk)e(by)f(Jef)n (f)2010 1409 y(Burbank)h(\(author)h(of)e Fi(License)h(to)f(Steal)p Fj(\))i(on)e(insider)h(misuse)g(in)f(the)h(gaming)f(industry)h(R)f(26) 2010 1488 y(14\).)k(See)c(also)h(British)g(Columbia)h(Online)f(Casino)g (tak)o(en)h(of)n(\003ine)g(within)f(hours)f(\(R)g(26)g(14\).)2010 1566 y(F)o(or)g(those)h(who)f(belie)n(v)o(e)i(that)g(gambling)f(o)o(v)o (ersight)h(is)e(orders)g(of)g(magnitude)i(better)g(than)2010 1645 y(v)o(oting,)f(the)o(y)g(are)f(both)h(inadequate!)24 b([PGN])1950 1724 y(S\002)16 b(Bulgarian)k(parliament)f(e-v)o(oting)g (authentication)j(based)c(on)f(member')l(s)g(weight)i(\(S)d(27)2010 1803 y(2:12,)h(R)g(21)g(88-89\))1950 1882 y(S)g(Injured)h(technician')l 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(cards)e(and)h(PINs)e(\(R)h(20)g(31\))1950 2671 y($H)g(13-year)o(-old)i (mak)o(es)f($3M)f(in)g(bids)g(on)g(eBay)h(auctions,)h(wins)e(a)g(fe)n (w)h(and)f(messes)g(up)2010 2750 y(others)h(\(R)f(20)g(35\))1950 2828 y(SH)f(Military-strength)22 b(v)o(ersion)c(of)f(W)m(indo)n(ws)h (NT)e(certi\002cation)21 b(problems:)h(NT)16 b(3.5)h(is)g(C2)2010 2907 y(\(when)h(standalone\),)h(NT)d(4)h(is)g(not)g(certi\002ed)j(for)d (the)g(netw)o(ork)o(ed)j(use)d(N)n(A)-7 b(T)o(O)15 b(uses)i(it)h(for)f (\(R)2010 2986 y(20)g(36\))1950 3065 y(Sf)g(W)-5 b(oody')l(s)17 b(Of)n(\002ce)h(W)-5 b(atch)17 b(reports)h(virus-infected)j(documents)d (on)f(MS)g(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site.)k(\(R)c(20)2010 3144 y(34\))1950 3223 y(S)g(Shamir')l(s)g(TWINKLE)e(machine)k(could)f (increase)h(speed)f(of)f(f)o(actoring)j(by)d(3)g(to)g(4)g(orders)g(of) 2010 3302 y(magnitude,)i(threatening)h(512-bit)f(public-k)o(e)o(y)h (crypto)e(k)o(e)o(ys)g(\(R)f(20)g(38\))1950 3381 y(Sf)g(F)o(alse)g (virus)h(detection:)24 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226 y(S)g(Dutch)g(police)i(send)f(te)o(xt)g(bombs)f(to)g(stolen)h (cellphones)i(\(R)d(21)g(32,34\))1950 305 y(SP)f(Risks)i(of)f (outsourcing)i(in)e(banking)i(\(R)e(21)g(24\))1950 383 y($)g(T)-5 b(echnology)19 b(e)o(xodus:)j(10\045)c(of)f(U.S.)e(computer) k(service/softw)o(are)i(jobs)c(mo)o(ving)h(o)o(v)o(erseas)2010 462 y(by)f(2004)g(\(R)g(22)h(83\))1950 541 y(Sf)f(Czechs)h(disco)o(v)o (er)h(\003a)o(w)e(in)g(OpenPGP)g(to)g(re)n(v)o(eal)j(pri)n(v)n(ate)f(k) o(e)o(ys)f(in)f(digital)j(signatures)f(\(R)e(21)2010 620 y(28-29\))1950 699 y(SHA)l(O)g(Penetrator)i(gets)f(OS/COMET)e (source)i(code)g(used)g(in)f(N)n(A)-9 b(VST)j(AR)16 b(GPS)g(guidance)j (\(R)2010 778 y(21)e(26\),)g(b)o(ut)g(code)h(not)f(classi\002ed)i(as)e (\002rst)g(reported)i(\(R)e(21)g(27\))1950 857 y(SHA)l(O)g(F)o(ormer)g (U.W)m(isconsin)h(student)g(Jerome)g(Heck)o(enkamp)h(indicted)h(in)d (Jan)g(2001)h(for)2010 936 y(1999)f(netw)o(ork)i(v)n(andalism)g(at)f (eBay)l(,)f(Exodus,)f(Juniper)m(,)i(eT)n(rade,)g(L)l(ycos,)f(and)g (Cygnus,)g(and)2010 1014 y(more)g(than)h($900,000)g(in)f(damage)h(\(R)f (21)g(22\))1950 1093 y(SHA)l(O)g(N)n(ASA)f(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(site)i(hack)o(ed,)h(replaced)h(with)d(conspirac)o(y-theory)k (moon-landing)f(hoax)2010 1172 y(hoax)e(\(R)f(21)g(27\))1950 1251 y(SH)f(Copper)j(thie)n(v)o(es)g(knock)f(out)f(SETI@Home)f(\002ber) o(-optic)j(cable)g(and)f(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(site)i(for)f(24)2010 1330 y(hours)g(cut)h(\(R)f(21)g(26-27\))1950 1409 y($hm)g(Chinese)h(c)o (ybersurfers)h(caught)g(by)e(\002shermen')l(s)h(anchor)g(nets,)f (snagging)i(cables)f(\(R)f(21)2010 1488 y(30\))1950 1566 y(+)g(Bank)h(robber)g(nabbed)g(by)f(escape-taxi')l(s)k(GPS)16 b(\(R)h(21)g(22\))1950 1645 y(SH)f(T)-5 b(eenager)20 b(con)m(victed)g(of)d(def)o(acing)i(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(sites)h(sentenced)h (to)e(programming)i(jail)2010 1724 y(computers)f(\(R)f(21)g(29\))1950 1803 y(SH)f(Computer)j(cords)e(used)h(in)f(escape)h(from)f(police)i (custody)f(\(R)f(21)g(33\))1950 1882 y(Sf)g(Nokia)h(8260)f(cell)i (phone)e(tri)n(vially)k(easy)c(to)h(unlock)g(\(R)f(21)g(29\))1950 1961 y($SPi)g(Seattle)j(police)e(using)g(P)o(alm)f(VIIs)g(to)g(gi)n(v)o (e)h(traf)n(\002c)h(tick)o(ets)g(\(R)e(21)g(35\))1950 2040 y(SP)f(IBM)i(and)f(Carrier)i(will)f(of)n(fer)g(W)-5 b(eb-controllable)21 b(air)c(conditioners)j(\(R)d(21)g(35\))1950 2119 y(Sf)g(Risks)g(in)g(e-gaps:)22 b(the)o(y)c(are)g(not)f(air)h(gaps) f(between)i(netw)o(orks)f(\(R)f(21)g(26-27,29\))1950 2197 y(S-)f(DoE)g(w)o(arning)i(about)f(\223Nak)o(ed)h(W)m(ife\224)g (virus)f(block)o(ed)h(by)f(politically)j(correct)f(mailer)e(\(R)g(21) 2010 2276 y(29\))1950 2355 y(H)g(FBI)g(director')l(s)i(home)e(security) i(system)e(f)o(alse)h(alarms)g(due)g(to)f(his)g(young)h(sons)e(\(R)h (21)g(28\))1950 2434 y(SH)f(California)k(po)n(wer)e(grid)g(hack)o(ed)h (o)o(v)o(er)f(17-day)g(period)g(\(S)f(26)g(6:12,)g(R)g(21)g(46\))1950 2513 y(S)g(ebates.com)h(installs)h(Ja)o(v)n(a)f(program)f(on)g(user')l (s)h(computer)g(\(R)f(21)g(49\))1950 2592 y(S$?)k(Blaming)e(the)e (victim:)23 b(v)n(andalized)e(sites)d(could)g(be)f(liable)i(for)e (damages)h(\(R)f(21)g(64\))1950 2671 y(SH)f(Danish)i(police)h(break)f (\223Safe)o(guard\224)i(encryption)g(program)d(in)h(tax)f(case?)23 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(58\);)g(no,)2010 2750 y(the)o(y)h(hack)o(ed)h(the)f (system)f(and)g(guessed)h(some)f(passw)o(ords)h(\(R)f(21)g(59\))1950 2828 y($SA)l(Of)g(Serious)h(\003a)o(w)f(in)g(W)m(ireless)i(Encryption)f (Protocol)h(\(WEP\))d(link-layer)k(security)f(used)2010 2907 y(in)e(IEEE)d(802.11)j(wireless)h(LANs;)e(attack)i(described)g(by) f(Fluhrer)m(,)g(Mantin,)h(and)f(Shamir)g(\(R)2010 2986 y(21)g(55\);)h(attack)h(implementation)h(described)g(by)d (Stubble\002eld,)i(Ioannidis,)f(and)g(Rubin)g(\(R)2010 3065 y(21)f(57\);)h(AirSnort,)f(WEPCrack,)g(and)h(other)g (802.11b-defeating)j(snif)n(fers)d(\(R)f(21)g(62\);)g(Bill)2010 3144 y(Arbaugh)h(and)g(Arunesh)f(Mishra)h(present)g(\223session)g (hijacking\224)j(and)c(\223man-in-the-middle\224)2010 3223 y(scenarios)i(for)e(cracking)i(W)m(i-Fi)f(security)h(\(S)d(27)h (3:11-12,)h(R)f(21)g(92\))1950 3302 y(SH)f(First)i(con)m(viction)i(in)e (UK)e(for)h(W)m(i-Fi)h(hijack)h(\(R)e(24)g(38\))1950 3381 y(Sf)g Fi(The)g(Ne)o(w)h(Y)-6 b(ork)17 b(T)l(imes)g Fj(article)j(on)d(19)g(Aug)g(2001)g(on)g(A)-5 b(vi)18 b(Rubin)g(disco)o(v)o(ering)h(that)2010 3459 y(Morristo)n(wn)g(NJ)d (hospital)j(wireless)f(netw)o(ork)h(is)e(unprotected)j(\(R)d(21)g(62\)) 1950 3538 y(S)g(W)-5 b(ar)o(-chalking)19 b(wireless)f(netw)o(orks)g (for)f(Internet)j(access)e(\(S)e(27)h(6:13-14,)h(R)f(22)g(18,23\))1950 3617 y(SHA)f(Insecure)j(wireless)f(access)g(points)g(mushrooming)g(\(R) f(22)g(65;)h(S)e(28)h(4:8\))1950 3696 y(SHA)f(W)m(ireless)j(hacking)g (on)e(the)g(increase)j(\(R)d(23)g(32;)g(S)g(29)g(5:16\))1950 3775 y(SA)l(Oh)g(ISP)g(emplo)o(yee)i(Brian)f(W)-5 b(est)17 b(who)g(noti\002ed)h(Oklahoma')l(s)h Fi(P)-5 b(oteau)17 b(Daily)h(Ne)o(ws)g Fj(that)2010 3854 y(their)g(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(security)h(had)e(no)g(authentication)22 b(w)o(as)17 b(threatened)k(with)c(felon)o(y)2010 3933 y(con)m(viction;)k(discussion)d(of)f(la)o(w)h(that)g(speci\002es)g("e)o (xceeding)i(authority")g(when)d(there)i(is)d(no)2010 4011 y(authentication)22 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(62\);)h(ho)n(we)n(v)o(er)m(,)g (in)g(court)g(W)-5 b(est)17 b(plead)h(guilty)h(to)e(cop)o(ying)2010 4090 y(proprietary)j(PERL)c(scripts)i(and)f(obtaining)j(passw)o(ords)d (\(R)g(21)g(67\))1950 4169 y(Sf)g(Fla)o(w)g(in)g(SSL)f(encryption)k(on) d(Experimental)j(Aircraft)e(Association)i(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(site)i(\(R)f(21)2010 4248 y(53,54,56\))1950 4327 y(Sf)g(Kaiser)h (Permanente)h(self-service)g(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(SSL)e(vitiated)k(by) d(return)h(e-mail!)23 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(62\))1950 4406 y(*SH)g(Fire\002ghter')l(s)i(phone)f(lines)g(disrupted)h(because)g(of)e (a)g(report)h(of)f(free)h(SMS)e(calls)i(\(b)o(ut)2010 4485 y(originally)i(thought)e(to)g(be)f(a)g(hoax\))h(\(R)f(21)g (55,59\))1950 4564 y(Sfe)g(U.S.)f(Air)h(F)o(orce)h(authors)g(blast)g (Outlook)g(security)h(patch)g(\(R)e(21)g(39\))1950 4642 y(S\002)f(Rene)n(w)o(al)k(of)d(BT)g(T)n(rustwise)g(digital)i (certi\002cate)i(impeded)d(by)f(secure)h(passphrase)h(with)2010 4721 y(non-alphameric)h(characters)g(\(R)d(21)g(54\))1950 4800 y(Sf)g(Security)i(risks)e(in)g(P)o(assport)h(Single)g(Sign-on:)k (K)n(ormann)c(and)f(Rubin)h(\(R)f(21)g(58\))1950 4879 y(SHf)g(Stealing)i(MS)d(P)o(assport')l(s)i(W)-5 b(allet,)18 b(credit-card)j(numbers,)c(etc.)k(with)d(bro)n(wser)g(and)2010 4958 y(P)o(assport)g(\003a)o(ws)f(\(S)f(27)h(1:12,)g(R)g(21)g(74\))1950 5037 y(SHA)l(O\($?\))22 b(Microsoft)c(admits)g(P)o(assport)g(w)o(as)f (vulnerable)j(\(R)d(22)g(72;)g(S)g(28)g(4:8\))1950 5116 y($)g(Microsoft)h(and)g(Federal)h(T)n(rade)e(Commission)g(settle)i (complaint)g(that)g(MS)d(had)i(violated)h(its)2010 5195 y(o)n(wn)e(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)j(polic)o(y)e(\(R)f(23)g(19\))1950 5273 y(SHf)g(SirCam)g(virus)h(spreads)f(widely)l(,)h(including)i (inside)e(FBI)f(\(R)g(21)g(55\);)g(U.S.)f(Air)h(F)o(orce)2010 5352 y(of)n(\002cer)h(mailing)h(con\002dential)h(information)f(to)f (4400)f(cadets)i(\(R)e(21)g(62\);)g(sounds)g(lik)o(e)i(just)2010 5431 y(another)g(SirCam)e(e)o(xample)i(\(R)e(21)g(63\);)h(more)f(lik)o (e)h(MS)f(Outlook)h(and)g(wrong)f(distrib)o(ution)2010 5510 y(list)h(\(R)f(21)g(65\))1950 5589 y(SHf)g(Code)g(Red)h(w)o(orm)f (\(R)g(21)g(54\);)h(c)o(yanide)h(for)e(Code)h(Red:)k(passi)n(v)o(e)c(w) o(orm)f(infecting)j(the)1908 5896 y Fk(34)p eop end %%Page: 35 35 TeXDict begin 35 34 bop -330 -90 a Fj(attack)o(er)20 b(\(R)d(21)g(57\);)h(W)-5 b(arhol)17 b(W)-5 b(orm)16 b(v)n(ariant)k(discussed)e(\(R)f(21)g(59\))g(se)n(v)o(eral)i(systems) -330 -11 y(hosting)f(the)g(MSN)e(Hotmail)j(service)g(infected)g(by)e (Code)h(Red)f(w)o(orm)g(v)n(ariants)j(\(R)d(21)-330 68 y(58,62\);)h(a)o(v)o(oid)f(programming)h(languages)i(that)e(don')o(t)f (check)i(b)o(uf)n(fer)f(lengths)g(\(R)f(21)g(62,64\);)-330 147 y(yet)h(another)h(MS)d(Hotmail)i(risk)g(\(R)f(21)g(62\))-390 226 y(Sf)g(Hotmail)h(hackable)i(with)d(one)h(line)g(of)f(code)h(\(R)f (21)g(63\))-390 305 y(Sf)g(Norton)g(Anti-V)l(irus)i(2001)e(interprets)j (backup)e(script)g(as)f(a)g(virus)h(\(R)f(21)g(57\))-390 383 y(SHP)f(Softw)o(are)j(is)e(called)i(capable)h(of)d(cop)o(ying)i(an) o(y)e(human)g(v)o(oice)i(\(R)e(21)g(55\))-390 462 y(SHA)f(F)o(or)o(ged) i(county-clerk)i(stamp)e(and)f(chief-judge)j(signature)f(used)f(in)f (attempt)i(to)e(gain)-330 541 y(release)i(of)e(triple)i(murderer)f(\(R) f(21)g(44\))-390 620 y(SHAf)g(European)h(Commission)f(\223safer)h (Internet\224)i(site)e(in)m(v)n(aded)h(by)e(hack)o(ers)i(\(R)e(21)g (48\))-390 699 y(SHO)f(Intruder)j(crashes)f(United)g(Arab)g(Emirates')g (only)f(ISP)g(\(R)g(21)g(50\))-390 778 y(SHA)f(Determining)k(the)e(age) f(of)g(Internet)i(users,)e(especially)j(minors,)d(the)h(age)g(of)f (virtual)i(porn)-330 857 y(characters,)g(and)f(dif)n(ferences)i 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y(SHA)l(O)g(Gas-shutof)n(f)h (requests)g(require)h(minimal)f(authentication)k(and)c(no)f(v)o (eri\002cation)j(\(R)d(21)-330 2355 y(54\))-390 2434 y(S?)g(W)-5 b(eatherb)o(ug)19 b(softw)o(are)f(security)h(questioned)g (in)f(e)n(v)n(aluation)j(\(R)c(21)g(42,44\))-390 2513 y(Sf)g(McDonald')l(s)i(testing)f(cashless)h(payments)f(using)f (speed-pass)i(to)e(mak)o(e)h(f)o(ast)g(food)f(f)o(aster;)-330 2592 y(lots)h(of)f(risks)g(discussed)h(\(R)f(21)g(43,46,49,58\))-390 2671 y(Shi)g(Slopp)o(y)h(use)g(observ)o(ed)g(in)f(PCs)g(used)g(as)g (cash)h(re)o(gisters)g(\(R)f(21)g(49\))-390 2750 y(Sf)g(Fla)o(ws)g(in)g (swimming-pool)h(changing)i(cubicle)f(motion-detector)i(security)e(\(R) e(21)g(44\))-390 2828 y(Sh?)k(Implications)f(of)d(a)g(Gullibility)j(V)l (irus:)i(delete)d(all)f(your)g(\002les,)e(on)i(the)f(honor)o(-system)h (\(too)-330 2907 y(late)h(for)e(April)g(F)o(ool)h(prank)g(R)f(21)g (45\))-390 2986 y(S)g(DoD)f(declares)j(unclassi\002ed)h(hard)d(dri)n(v) 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y(SH)f(Oklahoma)j(man)e(who)g(reported)i(access)f(vulnerability)j (to)c(the)h(Poteau)g(Oklahoma)h(Ne)n(ws)-330 4485 y(\(R)e(21)g(62\))g (guilty)i(of)e(cop)o(ying)i(proprietary)g(\002les)f(and)f(stealing)i (passw)o(ords)f(\(R)f(21)g(67\))-390 4564 y(Sf)g(Y)-7 b(ahoo!)22 b(ne)n(ws)17 b(stories)h(can)g(be)f(altered)j(without)e (authorization)j(\(R)c(21)g(67-68\))-390 4642 y(Sf)g(Hotmail)h(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(hackable)h(by)e(ja)o(v)n(ascript)j(e)o(xploits)f(\(R)e (21)g(67\))-390 4721 y(Sh\002)g(Norton)g(Personal)i(Fire)n(w)o(all)g (security)g(problems)f(\(R)f(21)g(65\))-390 4800 y(Shf)g(Consumer)g (Reports)i(passw)o(ord)f(polic)o(y)g(risks)f(\(R)g(21)g(65\))-390 4879 y(SHh)g(Hack)o(ers)h(could)g(f)o(ace)h(life)f(imprisonment)h (under)f(\223USA)e(P)-6 b(A)f(TRIO)m(T\224)17 b(anti-terrorism)j(act) -330 4958 y(\(R)d(21)g(67\);)h(U.S.)d(House)j(appro)o(v)o(es)g(life)g (sentences)h(for)e(crack)o(ers)i(\(S)e(27)g(6:14,)g(R)g(22)g(16\))-390 5037 y(Sf)g(Nasty)g(Redesi)i(virus)e(\(Dark)h(Machine,)g(Ucon\))g(\(R)f (21)g(71\))-390 5116 y(*Sf)g(Nimda)g(w)o(orm)g(patching)i(problems)f (in)g(IIS)e(\(R)h(21)g(67\);)h(public)h(hospitals)f(in)g(Gothenb)o(ur)o (g)-330 5195 y(Sweden)g(crippled)h(by)e(nimda)h(\(R)f(21)g(67\))-390 5273 y(S)g(Swedish)g(national)j(radio)e(bans)f(SETI)f(softw)o(are)j (from)d(of)n(\002ce)j(computers,)e(fearing)i(T)n(rojan)-330 5352 y(horses)e(\(R)g(21)g(74,77\))-390 5431 y(Sf)g(Ne)n(w)g(class)h (of)f(wireless)h(attacks)h(against)f(the)g(Address)f(Resolution)j (Protocol)f(gains)-330 5510 y(unauthorized)h(access)f(to)e (WEP-protected)i(systems)e(\(R)g(21)g(69\))-390 5589 y($SH)g(Playbo)o(y)h(says)f(hack)o(er)i(stole)f(customer)g(credit-card) j(and)c(other)h(info)g(\(R)f(21)g(78\))1950 -90 y(SA)l(Of)g(Insecure)h (on-line)h(promotion)g(from)d(American)j(Express)e(\(R)g(21)g(73\))1950 -11 y(S)g(Black)h(Hat)g(Conference)h(demo)e(of)g(ho)n(w)h(to)f(disable) i(a)e(mobile)h(phone)g(by)f(SMS)f(\(R)h(21)g(80\))1950 68 y(SP)f(Zif)n(f-Da)o(vis)i(Media)h(e)o(xposes)f(credit-card)i(info)d (for)h(12,500)f(subscribers)h(\(R)f(21)g(77\))1950 147 y(SP)f(Google)j(freely)f(gi)n(ving)h(out)e(your)h(phone)g(number)f(and) h(home)f(address)h(\(R)f(21)g(75,77\))1950 226 y(SHP\($?\))k(Financial) e(records)f(stolen)f(from)f(Ne)n(w)h(Zealand)h(Funds)e(Management)j(in) e(Auckland)2010 305 y(\(R)g(21)g(80\))1950 383 y(SH)f(800)i (\223directory)i(assistance\224)f(slamming)f(redirects)h(calls)g(to)e (third-party)i(wholesaler)2010 462 y(unbekno)n(wnst)g(to)e(correct)i (recipient)h(\(R)d(21)g(76-78\))1950 541 y(SP)f(Ernst)h(&)g(Y)-7 b(oung)17 b(reportedly)i(terminated)h(kids')d(learning)j(game)d(site)h (mone)o(yopolis.or)o(g,)2010 620 y(which)g(became)g(porn)f(site)h(\(R)f (21)g(73\);)g(story)g(is)g(either)i(bogus)e(or)f(else)i(E&Y)e(has)h (reacquired)2010 699 y(the)h(domain)g(\(R)f(21)g(74\);)g(related)j (cases,)d(one)g(in)m(v)o(olving)j(acquisition)g(of)d(2000)g(e)o(xpired) 2010 778 y(domains)h(\(R)f(21)g(75\))1950 857 y(SPf)g(Continuing)i (SirCam)f(acti)n(vity)i(leaks)e(UCLA)e(radiation)k(safety)e(document)h (with)f(dummy)2010 936 y(\002elds)g(for)f(names,)f(SSNs,)g(DoBs)h(of)g (personnel,)i(b)o(ut)e(illustrati)n(v)o(e)k(of)c(the)h(risks)f(\(R)g (21)g(69\))1950 1014 y(SP)f(U.S.)g(court)i(shuts)f(do)n(wn)h(decepti)n (v)o(e)i(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(sites)h(with)f(spelling)i(v)n(ariants,)g(etc.)j (\(R)17 b(21)g(67\))1950 1093 y(SP)f(Australians)k(v)o(oice)e(anger)g (o)o(v)o(er)f(online)i(sp)o(ying)f(\(R)f(21)g(67\))1950 1172 y(Si)g(Risks)g(of)g(decepti)n(v)o(e)k(characters)e(in)f(URLs:)i (Gabrilo)o(vich/Gontmakher)n(,)i(\(S)16 b(27)h(2:13,)h(R)f(21)2010 1251 y(89,)g(Inside)h(Risks)f(column)h(http://www)l (.csl.sri.com/neumann/insider)q(isks.html#1)q(40\))1950 1330 y(SH)e(Risks)i(of)f(bouncing)h(e-mail)h(for)o(gery)f(\(S)e(27)h (2:13,)h(R)f(21)g(89\))1950 1409 y(SHf)g(A)l(OL)f(Instant)i(Messenger)h (Buddy-Hole)g(\002x)d(has)i(backdoor)g(\(S)f(27)g(2:13-14,)h(R)f(21)g (87\))1950 1488 y($SH)g(Credit-card)j(cloners')e($1B)g(scam)f(\(S)f(27) h(2:14,)h(R)f(21)g(86\))1950 1566 y($Sf)g(Risks)g(of)g(mag-stripes)i (on)e(retail)i(gift)f(cards)f(\(S)g(27)g(2:14,)g(R)g(21)g(86\))1950 1645 y(SH)f(Latest)i(W)m(indo)n(ws)g(v)o(ersions)g(vulnerable)i(to)d (unusually)i(serious)f(attacks)h(in)m(v)o(olving)2010 1724 y(plug-and-play)h(\(R)d(27)g(2:15,)h(R)e(21)h(83\))1950 1803 y(S\002)f(HTTPS)g(secure)i(in,)f(insecure)i(out)f(\(S)e(27)h (2:15-16,)h(R)f(21)g(83\))1950 1882 y(S)g(Lotus)f(Notes)i(silently)h (losing)f(data)g(\(S)f(27)g(2:16-17,)h(R)f(21)g(88\))1950 1961 y(Sf)g(F)o(acial)i(recognition)h(technology)f(doesn')o(t)f(w)o (ork)g(\(S)e(27)i(2:17,)f(R)g(21)g(87\))1950 2040 y(SPi)g(Answering)h (machine)h(pro)o(vides)f(door)f(entry)h(code)g(\(S)f(27)g(2:18,)g(R)g (21)g(88\))1950 2119 y(Sf)g(Risks)g(of)g(Geor)o(gia)h(T)-5 b(ech)18 b(anti-cheating)j(softw)o(are)e(\(S)e(27)g(2:18,)g(R)g(21)g (88\))1950 2197 y(S\002)f(SAS)h(Institute)i(softw)o(are)g(to)e(detect)i (e-mail)g(untruths)f(\(S)f(27)g(2:18-19,)g(R)g(21)g(88-89\))1950 2276 y(SH)f(Swedish)i(police)h(reportedly)h(doctor)e(video)g(e)n (vidence,)i(admit)e(it)f(\(R)g(21)g(81-82\))1950 2355 y(Sf)g(La)o(wrence)h(Li)n(v)o(ermore)g(National)i(Laboratory)e(bans)g (all)g(wireless)g(netw)o(orks.)k(Proponents)2010 2434 y(say)17 b(technology)j(is)d(secure.)22 b(Experts)17 b(say)g(90\045)h(of)f(all)h(W)m(i-Fi)f(nets)h(improperly)h(installed,) 2010 2513 y(not)e(secure)i(\(R)e(21)g(89\))1950 2592 y(Sf)g(W)m(ireless)h(carriers)h(of)n(fer)f(products)g(that)g(tunnel)h (insecurely)g(through)g(\002re)n(w)o(alls)g(\(R)e(21)g(89\))1950 2671 y(Sf)g(Fingerprint)i(scanner)g(interf)o(aces)h(with)d(b)o(uilt-in) i(wireless)f(LAN)f(netw)o(ork)h(card,)g(defeating)2010 2750 y(intended)h(security)g(\(R)e(21)g(83\))1950 2828 y(SHI$)g(F)o(ormer)g(Cisco)h(accountants)i(sentenced)f(to)f(34)f (months)g(and)h(restitution)h(of)e($8M)g(for)2010 2907 y(unauthorized)j(computer)f(access,)f(fraud)f(\(R)g(21)g(82\))1950 2986 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3854 y(hi)g(Risks)h(of)e(using)i (SIM)f(Cards)g(with)h(GPRS)f(\(R)g(23)g(91\))1950 3933 y(Sm)f(Anthrax)i(postal)h(mail)e(irradiation)k(can)d(af)n(fect)h (electronic)h(de)n(vices)f(\(R)e(21)g(88\))1950 4011 y(Sf)g(A)f(V)-7 b(eriSign)18 b(Secure)h(customer)f(site)g(isn')o(t)f (using)h(https/SSL)f(properly)l(,)h(resulting)h(in)f(f)o(ailure)2010 4090 y(of)f(end-to-end)i(security)g(\(R)e(21)g(84\))1950 4169 y(Sf)g(V)-7 b(eriSign')l(s)18 b(NetSOL)f(vs.)j(PGP:)d(Risks)g(of)g (a)g(crypto)i(compan)o(y)f(o)n(wning)g(a)f(re)o(gistrar?)23 b(\(R)17 b(21)2010 4248 y(82\);)h(similar)g(problem)g(discussed)g(\(R)f (21)g(86,88\))1950 4327 y(f)g(Bogus)g(dates)h(for)f(McAfee)h(virus)g (alerts:)23 b(slopp)o(y)18 b(programming)g(\(R)f(21)g(85,88\))1950 4406 y(S$)g(\223Don')o(t)h(T)-5 b(ouch)17 b(That)g(Dial\226Or)h(Y)-7 b(ou')m(re)17 b(Under)h(Arrest!\224)k(Some)17 b(entertainment)k (industry)2010 4485 y(folks)c(insist)h(that)h(if)e(you)g(skip)g(TV)f (commercials,)j(you)e(are)h(a)f Fg(thief)o(.)k 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5431 y(unscratched,)g(from)e(bar)h(codes)f(\(R)g(22)g(36\))-390 5510 y(SP)f(Credit)j(agencies)g(pro)o(vide)g(information)g(on)e(your)g (relations)j(under)e(UK)e(Data)i(Protection)-330 5589 y(Act)g(\(R)f(22)g(46\))1950 -90 y(Sd)f(Understanding)k(the)d(W)m(indo) n(ws)h(2000)f(Common)f(Criteria)j(EAL4)d(e)n(v)n(aluation,)k(Jonathan)e (S.)2010 -11 y(Shapiro)g(\(R)f(22)g(41\))g(and)h(Rick)g(Smith)f(\(R)g (22)g(42\);)h(must-reading)h(for)e(serious)h(de)n(v)o(elopers)1950 68 y(Sh)f(MS)f(court)i(ruling)h(leak)o(ed)g(early)f(through)h(security) f(blunder)h(\226)e(posted)h(on)f(open)h(serv)o(er)f(\(R)2010 147 y(22)g(34\))1950 226 y(Sf)g(Softw)o(are)h(lea)o(v)o(es)h (encryption)g(k)o(e)o(ys)f(and)f(passw)o(ords)h(lying)g(around)g(in)g (memory;)2010 305 y(optimizer)h(remo)o(v)o(es)f(memset\(\))f(\(R)g(22)g (35\))1950 383 y(SPf)g(Internet)i(home)e(banking)i(unsafe)e(\(R)g(22)h (37\))1950 462 y(Sfe)f(P)o(atch)h(slip-up)g(raises)g(security)h (questions:)k(Robert)c(Lemos)d(article)j(\(R)f(22)f(40-41\))1950 541 y(S)g(Retrospecti)n(v)o(e)k(A)m(CSA)m(C)c(Kar)o(ger/Schell)k(paper) d(on)f(Multics)h(Security)h(Ev)n(aluation)h(\(R)d(22)2010 620 y(25-26\))1950 699 y(S)g(Throttling)i(V)l(iruses:)i(Restricting)g (propagation)e(to)e(defeat)i(malicious)g(mobile)f(code,)g(by)2010 778 y(Matthe)n(w)h(W)m(illiamson,)g(HP)d(Labs)h(at)g(A)m(CSA)m(C)h (2002)g(\(R)f(22)g(42-43\))1950 857 y($SHA)g(Crack)o(ers)i(steal)f(Uni) n(v)o(ersity)h(of)e(Oslo)g(passw)o(ord)h(\002le)g(with)f(52,000)h (users)f(\(R)g(22)g(39\);)2010 936 y(MS)g(SQL)f(security)j(patches)f (not)g(installed)h(\(R)f(22)f(44\))1950 1014 y(SHP)f(Sensiti)n(v)o(e)k (backup)e(tapes)g(stolen)h(from)d(Japanese)j(national)h(system)d(of)g (citizens')i(pri)n(v)n(ate)2010 1093 y(information)g(\(R)e(22)g(45\)) 1950 1172 y(SHP)f(FBI)h(b)o(ugging)h(Hartford)h(Public)f(Library?)k (\(R)17 b(22)g(35\))g(or)g(not?)22 b(\(R)17 b(22)g(38\);)h(Libraries) 2010 1251 y(Say)f(Y)-7 b(es,)17 b(of)n(\002cials)i(do)e(quiz)h(them)f (about)i(users)e(\(R)g(23)g(91\))1950 1330 y(SHP)f(Ho)n(w)h(mobile)i (phones)e(let)h(spies)g(see)f(our)g(e)n(v)o(ery)i(mo)o(v)o(e;)e(U.K.)f (Celdar)j(project)g(\(R)e(22)g(31\))1950 1409 y($SHA)g(NSF)f(F)o (astlane)j(proposal)f(submission)g(system:)j(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)f (problem)e(for)2010 1488 y(co-in)m(v)o(estigators)j(\(R)c(22)g(39\))g (and)h(PIN)e(e)o(xposure)j(problem)f(\(R)f(22)g(41\))1950 1566 y($ShA)g(Internet)i(eBay)f(auction)h(scam)e(\(R)g(22)g(41\);)h (also,)f(eBay)h(sends)g(plainte)o(xt)i(passw)o(ord)2010 1645 y(changes)f(\(R)e(22)g(40-41\))1950 1724 y(SHA)l(O$)g(Canal)h (Plus)g(accuses)g(NDS)e(Group)i(of)f(breaking)i(its)e(smart-card)i (secret)f(k)o(e)o(y)l(,)f(gi)n(ving)2010 1803 y(it)h(to)f (counterfeiters;)k(Cadence)e(Design)f(suit)g(against)g(A)-5 b(v)n(ant)18 b(Corp)g(for)f(stealing)i(programs)2010 1882 y(results)f(in)f(v)o(erdicts)i(against)g(se)n(v)o(en)f(with)f (ties)h(to)g(A)-5 b(v)n(ant;)18 b(in)g(1999,)f(Internet)i(bookseller) 2010 1961 y(Alibris)f(paid)g($250,000)g(to)f(resolv)o(e)h(federal)h (char)o(ges)g(that)f(it)f(had)h(unla)o(wfully)h(intercepted)2010 2040 y(thousands)f(of)f(e-mail)i(messages)e(to)g(its)h(customers)g (from)e(Amazon.com.)21 b(\(R)c(22)g(22\))1950 2119 y($SHAI)g(T)m(urin)g (credit-card)j(duplicating)h(machine)d(\(R)f(22)g(19\))1950 2197 y(Sf)g(Are)g(you)g(bothered)i(by)e(telemark)o(eting?)26 b(It')l(s)17 b(a)g($270)h(billion)h(industry)f(\(R)f(22)g(35\))1950 2276 y(Sf)g(Spoof)o(ability)j(of)d(Calling-Number)o(-ID)j(\(R)d(22)g (46-48\))1950 2355 y(f)g(More)g(e-mail)h(content)i(\002ltering:)j(the) 18 b(w)o(ord)f(\223fugue\224)i(causes)f(censorship)h(for)e(music)g (group)2010 2434 y(\(R)g(22)g(20\);)h(\223klezmer\224)h(block)o(ed)g (by)e(\223klez\224)j(scan)d(\(R)g(22)g(20\))1950 2513 y(SPf)g(A)f(little)k(bit)d(of)g(anti-porn)i(\002ltering)g(can)f(go)f(a) g(long)h(w)o(ay;)g(more)f(may)g(not)g(be)h(appropriate)2010 2592 y(\(R)f(22)g(42\))1950 2671 y(-)g(Ironic)h(\002ltering)h(e)o 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y(SHA)l(O)g(Cracking)i(of)e(small)g(Ne)n(v)n(ada)i (hospital)g(system)e(hack)h(traced)h(to)f(Russia)f(\(R)g(22)g(69\))1950 541 y(SHO)f(Bogus)i(Internet)h(domain-name)g(rene)n(w)o(al)g(of)n(fers) f(spoof)f(NSI)g(\(R)g(22)g(71\))1950 620 y(SH)f(N)n(ASCAR)h(f)o(an)h(f) o(aces)g(prison)g(time)g(for)f(\003ooding)h(F)o(ox)f(with)g(angry)h (e-mails)g(\(R)f(22)g(70\))1950 699 y(SH)f(W)-5 b(ebsite)18 b(hoax)g(on)f(killer)i(SARS)e(virus)g(triggers)i(Hong)e(K)n(ong)g (panic)h(\(R)f(22)g(67\))1950 778 y(Sh)g(CNN)g(re)n(v)o(eals)i (pre-prepared)g(obits)f(for)f(li)n(ving)i(people)g(\(R)e(22)g(70\))1950 857 y(Sf)g(Softw)o(are)h(patching)i(gets)d(automated)j(\(W)m(illiam)e (Jackson\))g(\(R)f(22)g(84-85,)h(S)e(28)h(6:11-12\))1950 936 y($SH)g(Ukrainian)i(crime)f(`kingpin')h(crack)o(er)g(arrested)g(in) e(Thailand;)i(counterfeited)i(MS,)2010 1014 y(Adobe)d(softw)o(are;)h (fraudulent)g(schemes)f(w)o(orth)g($1)f(billion)i(\(R)e(22)g(74\))1950 1093 y($SH)g(Man)g(\002ned)g($180)h(million)g(for)g(pirac)o(y)g 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(completely)h(un)m(v)o(eri\002ed)f(updates)f(of)f(statement)i(by)2010 1882 y(domestic)f(stock)g(corporation;)i(also)e(tends)g(to)f(crash)h (bro)n(wsers)g(\(R)f(22)g(88\))1950 1961 y(SAf)g(Den)m(v)o(er)h(school) g(student)h(information)g(system)e(on)g(the)h(Internet;)h(protection)h (questioned)2010 2040 y(\(R)d(22)g(85\))1950 2119 y(SAf)g(Biloxi)h (schools)g(ha)o(v)o(e)g(cameras)g(in)f(classrooms,)h(pictures)h(on)e (Internet)i(\(R)e(22)g(85\))1950 2197 y(SHA)f(Safe-cracking)21 b(via)d(telephone)h(\(R)e(22)g(74\))1950 2276 y(Shf)g(Pilots)h(hear)g (baby')l(s)g(cries)g(instead)h(of)d(air)o(-traf)n(\002c)k(controllers') g(guidance;)f(baby)f(monitor)2010 2355 y(set)f(on)g(wrong)h(frequenc)o (y)h(\(R)e(22)g(73\))1950 2434 y(SHA)l(O)g(More)g(on)g(decepti)n(v)o(e) k(URLs)16 b(\(R)h(22)g(85,86\))1950 2513 y(SHA)l(Of)g(W)-5 b(alk-by)18 b(hacking:)23 b(more)17 b(unprotected)j(wireless)e(access)h (in)e(Midto)n(wn)h(Manhattan)2010 2592 y(\(R)f(22)g(80\))1950 2671 y(SH)f(Acxiom')l(s)i(FTP)e(Serv)o(er)i(compromised)h(by)e(\(no)n (w)g(former\))g(client)j(\(R)d(22)g(84\))1950 2750 y(S)g (Incompatibilities)k(and)d(incomparabilities)k(among)17 b(802.11a,)g(b,)g(g)g(\(R)g(22)g(89\))1950 2828 y(SH)f(SCO)h(w)o(ants)h (licensing)i(fees)d(from)g(corporate)i(Linux)f(users)f(\(R)g(22)g (82\);)2010 2907 y(Denial-of-service)k(attack)f(cuts)d(of)n(f)h(SCO)e (W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(\(R)f(22)g(89\))1950 2986 y(Sf)g(Adobe)g (Acrobat)i(and)e(PDF)g(security)i(\003a)o(ws:)i(no)c(impro)o(v)o (ements)i(for)e(2)f(years)i(\(R)f(22)g(80\))1950 3065 y(Sf)g(Hand-held)i(computer)f(de)n(vices)h(easy)f(to)f(hack)h(\(R)f(22) g(83\))1950 3144 y(SH)f(Jolitid:)24 b(Do)n(wnloading)19 b(data)f(can)g(turn)g(your)f(computer)i(into)f(a)f(serv)o(er)h(\(R)f (22)g(77\))1950 3223 y(SH)f(Netw)o(ork)j(v)n(andals)g(hijack)g (Internetted)h(PCs)d(to)g(spread)h(pornography)g(\(R)f(22)h(80\))1950 3302 y(SHI)f(No)o(v)n(a)g(Scotia)i(w)o(ork)o(er)f(deletes)h(her)f 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4011 y(89\))1950 4090 y(SHA)f(Customer)i(passw)o(ords)g(stolen)g(from)f (Kink)o(o')l(s)h(in)g(Manhattan)h(for)e(tw)o(o)h(years)g(\(R)f(22)g (82\))1950 4169 y(SHf)g(Student)h(hacks)g(high-school)h(computers,)f (erases)g(class)g(\002les;)f(the)h(\002x:)j(change)2010 4248 y(passw)o(ords)d(e)n(v)o(ery)g(60)f(days!)22 b(\(R)17 b(22)g(76\))1950 4327 y(SA)f(Lack)i(of)f(Abbe)o(y)g(National)j (telephone)g(banking)e(security)h(\(R)e(22)g(81\))1950 4406 y(Sf)g(Microsoft)h(withdra)o(ws)g(security)h(update)g(for)e(XP;)g (it)h(w)o(ould)g(knock)f(600,000)h(users)f(of)n(f)g(the)2010 4485 y(Internet)i(\(R)e(22)g(74\))1950 4564 y(SA)f(Ne)n(w)i(method)g (cracks)g(W)m(indo)n(ws)g(passw)o(ords)f(in)h(seconds)g(\(R)f(22)g (82\))1950 4642 y(Sf)g(Denial)h(of)f(service)i(via)f(algorithmic)i (comple)o(xity)f(attacks,)g(Crosby)e(and)h(W)-5 b(allach)18 b(\(R)f(22)2010 4721 y(76\))1950 4800 y(S)g(Chips)g(that)h(can)g (self-destruct:)25 b(add)17 b(gadolinium)i(nitrate)g(\(R)e(22)g(89\)) 1950 4879 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y(again)h(\(R)f(23)g(81\))1950 2119 y(SH$)g(Police)h(foil)g (\243220M)g(c)o(yberattack)i(on)d(Sumitomo)h(bank)g(\(R)f(23)g(81\)) 1950 2197 y(SH$)g(V)l(isaBuxx:)22 b(Risk)o(y)c(US)f(Bank)g(V)l(isa)h (product)g(\(R)f(23)g(81\))1950 2276 y(Sf)g(`Thief-proof)t(')h(car)g(k) o(e)o(y)g(crack)o(ed)h(\(R)e(23)g(69,70\))1950 2355 y(SHf)g(RSA)f (\002nds)h(more)g(\003a)o(ws)g(in)g(RFID)g(\(R)g(23)g(81\);)h(RFID)f (clonable)i(\(R)e(24)g(36,)g(S)g(31)g(6:29\);)2010 2434 y(Dutch)h(de)n(vice)h(RFID)e(Guardian)i(scans)e(for)g(chips,)h(blocks)g (reading)h(of)e(RFIDs,)f(spoofs)2010 2513 y(others)i(\(R)f(24)g(37,)g (S)f(31)h(6:29\);)h(RFID)f(car)h(k)o(e)o(ys)g(cause)g(insurance)h (denial)g(\(R)e(24)g(38,)g(S)f(31)2010 2592 y(6:29\);)i(more)f(on)g (cloning)i(RFID)e(access)h(control)h(tok)o(ens)f(\(R)g(24)f(50,)f(S)h (32)g(1\))1950 2671 y(SH)f(Mark)o(etscore)k(proxy)e(service:)23 b(Man-in-the-middle)e(attack)e(on)e(SSL?)g(\(R)g(23)g(79\))1950 2750 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b(plead)i(guilty)f(in)f(1995)h(Russian)g(identity)h(fraud)f (which)g(netted)h(around)2010 226 y($100)e(million)i(\(R)e(24)g(48\)) 1950 305 y(SHe)g(Digital)i(cameras)f(con)m(v)o(erted)i(to)d(weapons)h (\(R)f(24)g(52,54\))1950 383 y(SHf)g(Mal)o(w)o(are)i(vulnerability)i (in)c(Microsoft)i(W)-5 b(ord)16 b(could)j(allo)n(w)f(remote)g(code)g(e) o(x)o(ecution)i(\(R)2010 462 y(24)d(49\))1950 541 y(.....)i Fg(End)d(of)h(r)o(ecent)i(y)o(et-to-be-mer)o(ged)i(security)d(items) 1950 620 y Fj(.....)h Fg(Security)f(\003aws:)1950 699 y Fj(*SHAf)f(Man)o(y)g(kno)n(wn)h(security)h(\003a)o(ws)e(in)g (computer)h(operating)i(systems)d(and)g(application)2010 778 y(programs.)k(Disco)o(v)o(ery)e(of)e(ne)n(w)g(\003a)o(ws)g(running) h(ahead)h(of)e(their)h(elimination.)24 b(Fla)o(ws)2010 857 y(include)19 b(problems)f(with)g(passw)o(ords,)f(superuser)h(f)o (acilities,)i(netw)o(orking,)2010 936 y(reprogrammable)g(w)o (orkstations,)f(inadequate)h(or)d(spoof)o(able)i(audit)f(trails,)g (ease)g(of)2010 1014 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(horses,)f(attack)i(N)n(ASA)d(systems,)g(e)o(xploit)k(\003a)o(ws)-330 4090 y(in)d(ne)n(w)h(OS)e(release)j(\(S)e(12)g(4,)f(13)h(1\);)h (perpetrator)i(arrested)f(in)e(P)o(aris)g(\(S)g(13)g(2\).)k(See)c(also) h(\(R)-330 4169 y(08)f(36,37)g([response)h(from)f(`pengo'],38\).)-390 4248 y($SHA)l(Of)g(La)o(wrence)h(Berk)o(ele)o(y)i(Lab)d(computer)i (break-ins)f(by)f(Markus)h(Hess;)f(Stoll)h(planted)-330 4327 y(phon)o(y)g(computer)g(\002le;)g(\002le)g(requested)h(\(S)d(13)h (3,)g(Clif)n(f)h(Stoll,)g(CA)m(CM)f(May)h(1988\);)g(see)-330 4406 y(Clif)n(f)g(Stoll,)g(`The)f(Cuck)o(oo')l(s)i(Egg:)i(T)n(racking)d (a)f(Sp)o(y)g(...)-5 b(',)16 b(Doubleday)j(1989.)i(Hess)c(and)-330 4485 y(others)h(accused)h(of)e(KGB)f(computer)j(espionage)g(\(S)e(14)g (2\);)g(Three)h(of)f(the)g(W)m(ily)h(Hack)o(ers)-330 4564 y(indicted)i(on)d(espionage)i(char)o(ges)f(\(S)f(14)g(6\),)f (`mild')i(con)m(victions)i(on)d(espionage,)i(not)-330 4642 y(`hack)o(er')g(attacks)g([15Feb1990])g(\(S)e(15)g(2\))-390 4721 y(S)g(Report)h(from)f(the)g(Chaos)h(Computer)g(Club)g(Congress)g ('88)f(\(S)g(14)g(2\))-390 4800 y(SHf)g(Hack)o(er)h(enters)g(La)o (wrence)h(Li)n(v)o(ermore)f(computers)h(\(S)d(14)h(1\))-390 4879 y(SH)f(South)i(German)g(hack)o(ers)g(hack)g(TV)f(German)g(Post)g (dial-in)i(poll)f(\(S)f(14)g(6\))-390 4958 y(SH)f(Discussion)j(of)e (Dutch)g(Intruders)i(breaking)g(in)e(to)g(U.S.)f(systems)h(\(S)g(16)g (3\))-390 5037 y(SH)f(Dutch)i(Hack)o(ers)h(H.W)-6 b(.,)15 b(R.N.)h(arrested;)j(reportage)h(from)c(Rop)i(Gonggrijp)g(\(S)f(17)g (2\))-390 5116 y(SH)f(First)i(Dutch)g(computer)g(hack)o(er)h(arrested)g (under)f(ne)n(w)f(Dutch)h(La)o(w)f(\(S)g(18)g(3:A12\))-390 5195 y($SH)g(K)n(e)n(vin)h(Poulsen)g(\(Dark)g(Dante\))g(arrested)h(\(S) e(16)g(3\);)g(accused)i(of)e(rigging)h(radio)g(contests)-330 5273 y(by)f(phone)h(hacking)h(\(S)d(18)i(3:A13\))f(tapes,)h(other)g(e)n (vidence)i(seized)f(from)d(lock)o(er)j(ruled)-330 5352 y(inadmissible)g(\(S)e(19)g(2:9\);)h(espionage)h(char)o(ges)g(dropped;) f(Poulson)g(pleads)g(guilty)h(to)e(other)-330 5431 y(char)o(ges)h(\(S)f (21)g(2:20\))-390 5510 y($SH)g(Leonard)g(Rose)h(\(T)-5 b(erminus\))17 b(guilty)i(of)e(unauthorized)j(possession)e(of)f(UNIX)f (source)i(and)-330 5589 y(distrib)o(uting)i(access-capturing)h(T)n (rojan)c(horses)g(\(S)g(16)g(3\))1950 -90 y($SHA)g(5)f(NY)h(Master)h (of)f(Disaster)h(hack)o(ers')h(Federal)g(11-count)g(indictment)g (\(computer)2010 -11 y(tampering/fraud,)h(wire)d(fraud,)g(wiretapping,) j(conspirac)o(y;)f(phones,)f(computers,)f(credit\))i(\(S)2010 68 y(17)e(4\);)g(Phiber)h(Optik)g(\(Mark)g(Abene\))g(sentenced)h(to)f (1)f(year)g(+)h(for)f(conspirac)o(y)l(,)h(wire)g(fraud)2010 147 y(\(S)f(19)g(1:8\))1950 226 y(S?)g(Feds)g(arrest)h(hack)o(ers)h (nationwide)h(in)d(Operation)i(Sun)e(De)n(vil;)i(Ste)n(v)o(e)g(Jackson) f(Games)2010 305 y(in)m(v)o(estigated)j(for)c(c)o(yberpunk)i(f)o (antasy)f(game)f(rules)h(\(S)f(15)g(3\);)g(Secret)i(Service)g(reb)o(uk) o(ed)f(for)2010 383 y(Ste)n(v)o(e)h(Jackson)e(Games)g(in)m(v)o (estigation)k(\(S)c(18)g(3:A8\))1950 462 y($SH)g("Sun)g(De)n(vil")h (indictments:)24 b("Doc)18 b(Sa)o(v)n(age")g(arrested)h(for)e (tel/credit)k(fraud)d(\(S)e(16)h(3\))1950 541 y($SH)g(FtW)-5 b(orth)17 b(programmer)h(Donald)g(Gene)g(Burleson)g(plants)h (time-bomb,)e(deletes)i(168,000)2010 620 y(brok)o(erage)g(records;)g (con)m(victed,)h(\002ned)d(\(S)g(13)g(3,)f(13)h(4\))1950 699 y(SH)f(Uni)n(v)o(ersity)k(of)d(Surre)o(y)g(hack)o(er)i(arrested)g (...)h(and)d(released;)j(Edw)o(ard)d(Austin)h(Singh)2010 778 y(penetrated)i(200)d(systems)g(\(S)g(14)g(1\))1950 857 y(SH)f(UK)h("Mad)g(Hack)o(er")i(\(Nicholas)g(Whitele)o(y\))g(goes)f (to)f(jail)h(\(S)f(15)g(5\);)g(appeal)i(f)o(ails)g(\(S)d(16)h(2\);)2010 936 y(ne)n(w)h(British)g(Computer)g(Misuse)g(Act)f(\(S)g(15)g(5\))1950 1014 y(SH)f(Intruder)j(hacks)f(into)g(Cambridge)h(Uni)n(v)o(ersity)g (systems)e(\(R)g(18)g(09-10\))1950 1093 y(SH)f(UK)h(hack)o(er)i (\223Datastream\224)h(\002nally)e(arrested)h(\(S)e(20)g(2:13\))1950 1172 y(SH)f(Hack)o(ers)j(break)f(into)g(Macedonian)i(F)o(oreign)e (Ministry)h(phones)e(\(S)g(23)g(3:24,)g(R)g(19)g(46\))1950 1251 y(SH)f(R.G.)h(W)m(ittman)h(accused)h(of)e(felonies)i(in)e(hacking) i(N)n(ASA)d(computers)i(\(S)f(17)g(1\);)2010 1330 y(sentenced)i(to)f (3-year)g(probation,)h(mental)f(health)h(treatment)h(\(S)c(17)h(3\)) 1950 1409 y($SH)g(2)g(Norwe)o(gians)h(\002ned)f(for)h(fraud;)g (telephone)i(fraud,)d(bro)n(wsing)h(ignored)h(\(S)d(19)h(1:8\))1950 1488 y(@SH$)g(Russian)h(hack)o(er)h(Vladimir)f(Le)n(vin)g(breaks)g (Citibank)h(security)g(\(S)e(20)g(5:13,)g(R)g(17)2010 1566 y(27-29,61\);)h(Le)n(vin)g(pleads)g(guilty)h(\(R)e(17)g(61\),)g (sentenced)i(to)f(3)e(years,)i(with)f($240,015)2010 1645 y(restitution;)j(4)d(accomplices)j(pre)n(viously)g(pleaded)f(guilty)f (\(R)f(19)g(61\))1950 1724 y(SHO)n(A)f(3)h(Croatian)i(teenagers)h (crack)o(ed)f(Pentagon)g(Internet)g(systems.)i(Classi\002ed)d(\002les) 2010 1803 y(alle)o(gedly)i(stolen)e(\(?\).)j Fi(Za)o(gr)n(eb)d(Daily)g Fj(suggests)g(damaging)g(programs)g(could)g(cost)f(up)g(to)2010 1882 y($.5M)g(\(?\))k(\(R)c(18)g(84\))1950 1961 y(SH)f(Pentagon)j (computers)g(hack)o(ed)g(\(\223most)e(or)o(ganized)i(and)e (systematic\224)j(according)f(to)f(John)2010 2040 y(Hamre\);)g(Clo)o(v) o(erdale)i(high-school)f(kid)f(blamed)g(\(R)f(19)g(60\);)g(in)h (blaming)g(\223hack)o(ers\224,)h(DoD)2010 2119 y(seems)e(to)g(be)h (obli)n(vious)h(to)e(its)g(o)n(wn)h(bad)f(security)1950 2197 y(SPH)f(Carlos)i(Salgado)h(Jr)l(.)h(pleads)e(guilty)l(,)g(max)f (up)g(to)h(30)f(years,)g($1M)g(\002nes)g(\(R)g(19)g(34\))1950 2276 y(SH)f(W)-5 b(endell)19 b(Dingus)e(sentenced)j(to)d(6)g(mos)f (home)h(monitoring)i(for)e(cracking)j(USAF)c(and)2010 2355 y(N)n(ASA)g(computers)i(from)f(V)-7 b(anderbilt)19 b(U.)e(\(R)g(19)g(35,36\))1950 2434 y(SH)f(F)o(ormer)i(IRS)f(emplo)o (yee)i(indicted)g(for)e(fraud,)h(ille)o(gal)h(bro)n(wsing)f(\(S)f(20)g (5:13\))1950 2513 y(SH*)g(NY)f(Police)j(Department)g(phone)f(system)f (crack)o(ed)i(\(S)e(21)g(5:19\))1950 2592 y(SH)f(British)j(man)e (\(Black)i(Baron\))f(con)m(victed)i(as)d(malicious)i(virus)e(writer)h (\(S)f(20)g(5:14\))1950 2671 y(S)g(Cancelbot)i(derails)g(online)g (promo)e(\(WSJ)f(via)i(Edupage)g(20)f(Dec)g(1994\))h(\(S)f(20)g(2:11\)) 1950 2750 y($SH)g(Criminal)h(hack)o(er)h(arrested)g(in)f(W)m(innipe)o (g)g(\(S)f(20)g(2:12\))1950 2828 y(SH)f(16-year)o(-old)k(bo)o(y)d (cracks)h(uni)n(v)o(ersity)i(computer)e(security)h(\(S)e(21)g(2:20\)) 1950 2907 y(@SH)g(DMV)f(security)j(code)f(breached)h(at)f(hospital)h (in)e(Ne)n(w)h(Ha)o(v)o(en)f(\(R)g(18)g(28\))1950 2986 y(@SH)g(AIDS)f(database)j(compromised)g(in)e(Pinellas)i(County)l(,)e (FL)f(\(R)i(18)f(48,53\))1950 3065 y(SH)f(Geraldo)j(sho)n(w)e (demonstrates)i(ho)n(w)f(to)f(break)h(into)g(tracer)l(.army)l(.mil)h (\(S)e(17)g(1\))1950 3144 y(SHA)f(Mil)o(w)o(auk)o(ee)21 b(414s)c(brok)o(e)h(into)g(man)o(y)f(computers)i(\(some)d(with)i (guessable)h(passw)o(ords\))1950 3223 y(SHA)l(O)e(Australians)i(use)e (dictionary)j(attack)f(on)e(v)n(arious)i(U.S.)c(computer)k(systems)e (\(S)f(15)h(2\))1950 3302 y($SPH)g(Thie)n(v)o(es)h(ransack)g(55)f(go)o (v)o(ernment)i(computers)f(in)g(Australia)h(\(R)e(18)g(14\))1950 3381 y(SH)f(St.)21 b(Louis)c(teenager)j(Christopher)f(Schanot)f (arrested)h(for)e(computer)i(fraud)e(\(R)g(18)g(01\))1950 3459 y(SPH)f(T)-5 b(w)o(o)17 b(con)m(victed:)24 b(1,700)17 b(T)-5 b(o)n(wer)17 b(Record)i(credit-card)h(numbers)d(of)n(\003oaded)i (\(R)e(18)g(02\))1950 3538 y($SH)g(U.T)-5 b(e)o(xas)17 b(Dean')l(s)h(conferred)h(passw)o(ord)f(used)f(to)g(misappropriate)j ($16,200)e(\(S)e(17)h(3\))1950 3617 y(S)g(References)i(to)e(CER)l(T)g (memo)f(and)i(Da)o(v)o(e)f(Curry)h(article)i(on)d(countermeasures)i (\(S)e(15)g(3\))1950 3696 y(fH)g(Fudging)h(a)f(poll)h(on)f (program\(med\))h(trading?)23 b(\(S)17 b(15)g(1\))1950 3775 y(SH)f(USAF)h(satellite)j(positioning)g(system,)c(others)i(crack)o (ed)i(by)d(14-yr)o(-old)h(\(S)e(14)i(6\))1950 3854 y(Sf)f(Son)o(y)g (satellite)j(dishes)e(remotely)g(reprogrammable?)24 b(\(R)17 b(17)g(33\))1950 3933 y(SH)f(CerGro)i(v)o(oice-mail)i(hack)o(ed,)e (mailbox)o(es)h(used)e(for)g(illicit)j(purposes)e(\(S)f(13)g(4\))1950 4011 y(SP)f(Olympics)i(e-mail)h(misuses)e(af)n(fect)i(T)-5 b(on)o(ya)17 b(Harding)h(and)f(Cathy)h(T)m(urner)g(\(S)e(19)h(3:10\)) 1950 4090 y($SP)g(Barclays)i(credit)f(system)g(v)o(oice-mail)h(hack)f (gi)n(v)o(es)g(sensiti)n(v)o(e)i(info)d(\(S)g(18)g(1:20\))1950 4169 y(SH)f(V)-9 b(oice-mail)20 b(phreaking)g(alters)e(recorded)h (message)f(\(S)e(19)h(3:10\))1950 4248 y(@$SH)g(A)-7 b(T&T)15 b(computer)j(break-ins)h(\(Herbert)g(Zinn\))e(\(S)f(12)h(4\)) 1950 4327 y(@$SH)g(P)o(ac*Bell)i(System)f(computer)g(attack)o(er)i(K)n (e)n(vin)f(Mitnick)g(arrested)f(\(S)f(14)g(1\);)h(arrested)2010 4406 y(again)g(after)g(hi-tech)h(tracking)h(\(S)c(20)h(3:12\)\(SA)m(C)i (13)e(3\))1950 4485 y(SHA)l(O)g(Computer)h(crack)o(ers)h(arrested)g(in) 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b(site)h(hack)o(ed)h(into)f Fi(Duc)o(k)f(W)-6 b(orld:)22 b(J)n(ur)o(assic)17 b(P)-5 b(ond)17 b Fj(\(R)g(19)g(20,21\))1950 620 y(VSA)l(O)g(Swedish)g(meat)h(pack)o(er)h(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(penetrated)i(and)d(replaced)j(\(R)d(19)g(14\))1950 699 y(SHA)l(O)g(Swedish)g(16-year)o(-old)j(arrested)e(3)f(hours)g (after)i(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(attack)k(on)d(Swedish)g(National)2010 778 y(Board)h(of)f(Health)i(and)e(W)-5 b(elf)o(are;)19 b(discussion)f(by)f(Ulf)h(Lindqvist)g(\(R)f(20)g(87\))1950 857 y(SH)f(T)-5 b(eenage)19 b(hack)o(er)g(Raphael)h(Gray)d(arrested)i (in)e(W)-5 b(ales,)17 b(hack)o(ed)i(9)e(e-commerce)i(sites,)e(stole) 2010 936 y(Gates')h(credit-card)i(info)e(\(R)f(20)g(87\))1950 1014 y(SHA)l(O)g(Man)g(\(Max)h(V)l(ision\))f(indicted)j(for)d(v)n (andalizing)k(N)n(ASA,)16 b(Ar)o(gonne,)h(Brookha)o(v)o(en,)2010 1093 y(Marshall)i(Space)f(Center)m(,)h(DoD)d(computers)j(\(R)e(20)g (87\))1950 1172 y(SH)f(National)k(Hock)o(e)o(y)e(League)g(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(denial)h(of)e(service)h(attack:)24 b(do)n(wn)18 b(o)o(v)o(er)f(5)g(days,)g(due)2010 1251 y(to)g(lack)i(of)d(admin)i(e)o (xpertise)h(\(R)f(20)f(89\))1950 1330 y(V$SH)g(Man)o(y)g(Ne)n(w)h (Zealand)g(IHug)f(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(sites)h(wiped)f(out)h(by)f(crack)o(er) i(\(R)e(20)g(09\))1950 1409 y(SH)f(Internet)k(v)n(andals)e(T)n (rojan-horse)h(USIA)d(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(\(R)f(20)g(18\))1950 1488 y(VSHf)g(Hack)o(ers)h(tak)o(e)h(do)n(wn)e(FBI)g(and)h(Senate)g (Internet)h(sites,)f(27)f(May)g(1999)h(\(retaliation)j(for)2010 1566 y(Zyklon?\),)d(Dept)f(of)g(Interior)i(and)f(Go)o(vt)f(f)o(acility) j(at)e(Idaho)g(F)o(alls)f(hit)h(on)f(31)g(May)g(1999)h(\(R)2010 1645 y(20)f(43\);)h(Crack)o(ers)h(do)e(for)g(U.S.)e(go)o(v')o(t)j(what) g(critical)i(infrastructure)g(report)e(couldn')o(t)h(\(R)e(20)2010 1724 y(43\);)h(US)e(GA)l(O)h(report)h(found)g(serious)f(security)i (gaps)e(in)h(24)f(agencies')i(systems)e(\(S)g(26)g(4:7,)2010 1803 y(R)g(21)g(36\))1950 1882 y(VS)f(Critical)k(infrastructure)h (DCS/SCAD)m(A)c(security:)24 b(dependence)c(on)d(the)h(Internet!)23 b(\(S)17 b(27)2010 1961 y(6:6,)g(R)g(22)g(14\))1950 2040 y(Sf)g(EP)-6 b(A)16 b(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(site)i(shut)f(do)n(wn)h(in)f (response)h(to)g(Congressman')l(s)g(threat)h(to)e(di)n(vulge)2010 2119 y(vulnerabilities)22 b(\(S)16 b(25)h(3:20,)h(R)f(20)g(79-80\);)h (GA)l(O)e(says)h(EP)-6 b(A)f(')l(s)16 b(computer)j(security)g(is)2010 2197 y(\223riddled\224)h(with)d(weaknesses)i(\(R)e(21)g(02;)g(S)g(26)g (1:28\))1950 2276 y(SHO)n(A)f(Geor)o(ge)i(W)-6 b(.)16 b(Bush')l(s)h(campaign)i(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(hack)o(ed,)g(photo)g (replaced)i(\(R)d(20)g(64\))1950 2355 y(SHA)l(O)g(Gallup)h(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(hack)o(ed)h(just)e(before)i(primary)e(election)j(\(S)d (25)g(3:21-22,)h(R)f(20)g(83\))1950 2434 y(SH)f(Zyklon)i(admits)g (attacks)h(on)e(N)n(A)-7 b(T)o(O,)15 b(USIA,)h(Gore)h(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(pages)h(\(R)f(20)g(58\))1950 2513 y(SH)f(Japanese)j(Go)o(v)o (ernment)g(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(sites)i(hack)o(ed:)24 b(Science)19 b(and)e(T)-5 b(echnology)20 b(Agenc)o(y)2010 2592 y(penetrated,)g (census)e(info)f(erased)h(\(R)f(20)g(77\))1950 2671 y(SHA)l(O)g(OPEC)f (W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(hack)o(ed)h(protesting)g(oil)f(prices)g(\(R)f (21)g(05\))1950 2750 y(S)g(Risks)g(of)g(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(sites)i(from)f(computer)h(fraud)g(\(R)f(19)g(44\))1950 2828 y(Sf)g(Air)g(F)o(orce)h(thinks)g(push-pull)g(technology)i(\(e.g.,) c(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(bro)n(wsers,)g(PointCast\))i(too)f(risk)o(y)f(\(R)2010 2907 y(19)g(57\);)h(added)g(risks)f(from)g(Netscape)i(or)e(an)o(yone)h (else)g(gi)n(ving)h(a)o(w)o(ay)f(source)g(code?)k(\(R)17 b(19)2010 2986 y(57-59\))1950 3065 y(SHP)-6 b(A)16 b(Federal)j(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(sites)g(lack)i(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)g(safe)o(guards)g(\(S)d(23)h (1:13,)h(R)f(19)g(35\))1950 3144 y($H)g(F)o(ak)o(e)h(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(page)h(cause)g(20\045)f(stock)h(sur)o(ge)f(and)h(then)g (retreat)h(in)e(P)o(airGain)i(\(R)e(20)g(30\))1950 3223 y(SHO)f(W)-5 b(estern)17 b(Union)g(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(site)i(hack)o(ed,)g (with)f(info)g(on)g(10,000)f(customers')i(cards)f(\(R)g(21)f(04;)2010 3302 y(S)h(26)g(1:28\))1950 3381 y(.....)i Fg(T)-5 b(rap-doors,)18 b(T)-5 b(r)o(ojan)17 b(Horses,)g(logic)i(bombs,)d(w)o(orms,)h(viruses:) 1950 3459 y Fj($$SHhf)g(Internet)i(w)o(orm)e(attack)i(2-3)f(No)o(v)f (1988)g(on)g(BSD-deri)n(v)o(ed)i(Unix)f(systems,)e(an)2010 3538 y(intended)j(constructi)n(v)o(e)i(e)o(xperiment)e(that)g(went)e(a) o(wry)h(\(editor')l(s)h(discussion)f(on)f(softw)o(are)2010 3617 y(engineering)j(implications;)h(e)o(xploitations)f(of)d(sendmail)i (deb)o(ug)e(option,)h(\002nger)m(,)g(.rhosts,)2010 3696 y(some)f(dictionary-attack)o(e)q(d)22 b(encrypted)e(passw)o(ords;)e (references)i(to)d(detailed)j(reports)e(by)2010 3775 y(Spaf)n(ford,)g(Seele)o(y)l(,)g(Eichin/Rochlis\))i(\(S)d(14)g(1\);)h (Robert)g(T)-5 b(appan)17 b(Morris)h(indicted)h(on)2010 3854 y(felon)o(y)f(count)g(\(S)f(14)g(6\))g(Jury)g(declares)i(Morris)f (guilty)l(,)g(Jan)f(1990;)h(motions,)f(sentencing)2010 3933 y(pending)i(\(S)d(15)h(2\))g(R)l(TM)g(sentencing)i(and)f(some)f (implications)j(\(S)c(15)h(3\);)h(appeal)h(f)o(ails)f(\(S)2010 4011 y(16)f(2\))1950 4090 y($SHI)g(T)-5 b(aco)17 b(Bell)h(re)o(gister)h (reprogrammed)g(to)e(redirect)i(funds)e(\(S)g(22)g(4:31,)g(R)g(18)g (76\))1950 4169 y(SH)f(Unauthorized)21 b(Internet)e(acti)n(vity;)h (TELNET)15 b(T)n(rojan)i(horsed)h(\(S)f(14)g(6\))1950 4248 y(SH)f(Ne)n(w)i(rash)f(of)g(Internet)i(break-ins)g(with)f(T)n (rojan-horsed)g(net)g(softw)o(are)h(\(S)d(19)h(2:5\))1950 4327 y(SHA)f(Another)j(T)n(rojan-horse)f(bogus)f(cash)h(dispenser)g(in) g(Finland)g(\(R)f(20)g(03\))1950 4406 y(SH)f(T)n(rojan)i(Horse)f (infests)h(15,000)f(Internet)i(Relay)g(chat)f(users)f(with)h(Back)g (Ori\002ce)g(\(R)f(20)g(03\))1950 4485 y(SH)f(CER)l(T)h(alert:)23 b(T)n(rojan)17 b(horse)h(planted)h(in)e(TCP)g(wrapper)h(acquired)h(by)e (at)h(least)g(52)f(sites)h(\(R)2010 4564 y(20)f(18\))1950 4642 y(Sf)g(html)g(e-mail)h(or)f(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(page)h(can)g(launches)h (Excel)f(T)n(rojan)f(horses)g(\(R)g(20)g(15\))1950 4721 y(SH)f(Discussion)j(of)e(write-protectable)22 b(hard)17 b(dri)n(v)o(es)i(as)e(one)g(w)o(ay)h(to)f(defend)h(against)h(T)n(rojan) 2010 4800 y(horses)e(\(R)g(20)g(21-22,24\))1950 4879 y(SH)f(T)-5 b(w)o(o)17 b(Penn)g(State)i(Hack)o(ers)f(arrested,)h (service)f(theft,)g(etc.)k(\(S)17 b(15)g(2\))1950 4958 y(SH)f(C)h(compiler)i(T)n(rojan)e(horse)h(for)f(UNIX)g(trapdoor)h(\(K)n (en)g(Thompson,)e("Re\003ections)k(on)2010 5037 y(T)n(rusting)d(T)n (rust",)g(1983)g(T)m(uring)g(A)-6 b(w)o(ard)18 b(Lecture,)g(CA)m(CM,)f (27,)g(8,)f(August)i(1984\))1950 5116 y(SH?)f(Rhode)h(Island)g (\223disgruntled)i(emplo)o(yee")f(arrested)g(for)e(\223e-mail)i(virus") e(\(R)g(18)g(50\))1950 5195 y($SH)g(PC)g(Graphics)h(program)g(T)n (rojan)f(horse)g(\(ArfArf\))h(wiped)f(out)h(users')f(\002les)g(\(S)g (10)g(5\))1950 5273 y(SH)f(PC-Prankster)j(T)n(rojan)f(horse)f(on)g(PCs) g(\(S)f(12)h(4\))1950 5352 y(SH)f(Another)j(T)n(rojan)e(horse)h 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(claim)g(unprecedented)j(computer)o(-virus)e(shield)f(\(S)f(14)g(1\)) -390 4406 y(SH)f("V)l(irus")i(remo)o(v)o(es)g(security)g(barriers)h(in) e(Italian)i(judicial)h(computers)f(\(S)d(17)h(3\))-390 4485 y(SH)f(Self-in)m(v)o(oking)k(R)m(UNCOM)e(self-propagates)i(as)d (virus)g(on)g(MIT')l(s)g(CTSS)f(\(S)h(13)g(3\))-390 4564 y($H)g(Use)g(of)g(a)g(virus)g(e)o(xcuse)h(for)f(nondeli)n(v)o(ery)k(of) c(softw)o(are)h(\(S)f(13)g(2\))-390 4642 y($SHf)g(Portable)i(terminals) g(for)e(Hong)g(K)n(ong)g(horse)g(betting)i(spoof)o(able?)24 b(\(S)17 b(14)g(2\))-390 4721 y($SH)g([Bogus])g("Big)h(Red")g(T)n (rojan)f(horse)g(reported)i(\(as)e(virus\))h(in)f(Australia)i(\(S)e(12) g(3\);)-330 4800 y(Hackw)o(atch)j(`e)o(xpert')f(P)o(aul)e(Dummet)g ([alias)i(Stuart)f(Gill])g(claims)g(e)o(xposed)g(\(S)f(15)g(1\))-390 4879 y(SH)f(Japanese)j(PC-V)-9 b(AN)17 b(netw)o(ork)i(`V)l(irus')e (posts)g(passw)o(ords)h(of)f(NEX)f(PC9800s)h(\(S)g(13)g(4\))-390 4958 y(SH)f(V)l(irus)i(aimed)g(at)f(EDS)f(infects)j(almost)f(100)f(N)n (ASA)f(computers)i(instead)h(\(S)e(13)g(4\))-390 5037 y(S)g(`Computer)h(V)l(irus)f(Eradication)j(Act)d(of)g(1988')h(\(S)f(13) g(4\))-390 5116 y(*S)g(V)l(irus)g(hits)h(hospital)g(computers)h(in)e (Michigan,)h(creates)h(bogus)f(patients)h(\(S)e(14)g(5\))-390 5195 y($S)g("V)l(irus")g(arrest)h(in)g(Ne)n(w)f(Jerse)o(y)g(\(Chris)h (Y)-7 b(oung\))17 b(\(S)g(14)g(5\))-390 5273 y(SH)f(Black)j(Baron)f (gets)g(18-month)f(sentence)j(for)d(virus)g(acti)n(vities)k(\(S)c(21)g (2:21\))-390 5352 y(S)g(Prank)g("V)l(irus")g(W)-5 b(arning)18 b(Message)g(in)f(go)o(v)o(ernment)i(service)g(system)e(\(S)g(14)g(5\))g (@SH)-330 5431 y(T)-5 b(oronto)17 b(Stock)h(Exchange)h(virus)e(scare)h (causes)g(all-night)i(search)e(\(S)f(18)g(2:16\))-390 5510 y(SH)f(T)n(rojan)i(horses)f(implantable)j(by)d(acti)n(v)o(e)j (electronic)g(jamming?)j(\(S)16 b(15)h(1\))g(@$mSe)g(Minn.)-330 5589 y(9th)g(Federal)i(Reserv)o(e)g(Bank)f(vulnerability)j(during)d (reco)o(v)o(ery)h(\(S)d(16)h(3\))1950 -90 y(SH?)g(Aum)f(Shinri)i(K)n (yo)g(af)n(\002liate)i(de)n(v)o(elops)f(Japanese)f(go)o(v)o(ernment)h (softw)o(are)g(\(R)e(20)g(83\))1950 -11 y(Sh\(H?\))g(U.S.)f(State)j (Dept)e(embassies')h(Mission)g(Performance)h(Plan)f(softw)o(are)g (written)h(by)2010 68 y(Russians!)j(\(R)17 b(20)g(81\))1950 147 y(S?)g(F)o(antasy)h(Baseball)i(Journal)e(errors)f(attrib)o(uted)j (to)d(a)g(computer)i(virus)e(\(S)g(18)g(3:A11\))1950 226 y(SH)f(Contact)k(krvw@\002rst.or)o(g)d(for)g(access)i(to)e(the)h (VIR)m(US-L)e(on-line)j(ne)n(wsgroup,)2010 305 y(documenting,)g (cataloging,)h(discussing)e(innumerable)i(virus)d(problems!)1950 383 y(NO)m(TE:)f(W)-5 b(e)17 b(long)h(ago)f(stopped)h(reporting)h (run-of-the-mill)i(ne)n(w)c(viruses.)k(Klaus)d(Brunnstein)2010 462 y(reported)h(the)f(number)f(of)g(distinct)i(strains)f(has)f(gro)n (wn)h(from)f(\002)n(v)o(e)g(in)h(early)g(1988)f(to)h(o)o(v)o(er)2010 541 y(1000)f(by)g(early)i(1992.)i(The)c(number)g(is)g(no)n(w)g(huge,)h (o)o(v)o(er)f(10,000.)k(See)d(the)g(VIR)m(US-L)2010 620 y(ne)n(wsgroup)g(for)f(ongoing)i(acti)n(vities...)k(But)18 b(we)f(must)g(include)i(tw)o(o)e(1999)h(manifestations)2010 699 y(that)g(result)g(from)f(the)h(absence)h(of)e(meaninful)i(PC)d (security:)1950 778 y(f)n(fSH)h(Melissa)h(Macro)g(V)l(irus.)j(See)d(my) e(article)k(\(S)c(24)h(4:28,)h(R)e(20)h(26\))h(and)f(my)g(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(site)2010 857 y(\(http://www)l(.csl.sri.com/neumann/house99)q (.html\))23 b(for)17 b(testimon)o(y)h(for)f(the)h(15)f(Apr)g(1999)2010 936 y(hearing)i(of)e(the)g(House)h(Science)h(Committee)g(subcommittee)g (on)e(technology)l(,)i(in)e(which)h(I)2010 1014 y(consider)h(Melissa)f (as)f(the)h(tip)f(of)g(a)g(v)o(ery)h(lar)o(ge)g(iceber)o(g)h(\226)e (the)h(abysmal)g(state)g(of)f(computer)2010 1093 y(and)h(communication) h(security)l(.)k(See)17 b(also)h(other)g(items)f(in)h(RISKS)e(on)h (Melissa:)23 b(Report)18 b(by)2010 1172 y(Robert)g(M.)f(Slade)h(\(R)f (20)g(26\);)g(hidden)i(risks)e(\(R)g(20)g(28\);)h(ef)n(fect)h(on)e(a)g (UK)f(bank)i(\(R)f(20)g(30\);)2010 1251 y(Risks)f(of)g(monocultures)j (\(R)d(20)g(26\))g(and)h(more)f(virulent)i(macro)f(viruses)g(\(R)f(20)g (26\);)h(further)2010 1330 y(analysis)i(\(R)e(20)g(30\);)g(Role)h(of)f (the)h(GUID)f(in)g(identifying)j(Da)o(vid)e(Smith)f(as)g(the)h (purported)2010 1409 y(culprit)h(\(R)e(20)g(26,28,30-34\),)g(with)h (wrap-up)g(from)f(Richard)i(M.)d(Smith)h(\(R)g(20)g(33\);)h(Smith)2010 1488 y(f)o(aces)g(\002)n(v)o(e)g(years)g(in)f(prison;)h(claimed)h(to)e (ha)o(v)o(e)h(caused)g($80M)f(damages)h(and)g(infected)i(o)o(v)o(er) 2010 1566 y(100,000)d(computers)i(\(R)e(20)g(68\);)g(further)i (discussion)f(of)f(GUIDs)f(accepted)k(in)e(court)g(\(R)f(20)2010 1645 y(70\);)h(Mainframe)g(viruses)g(\(R)f(20)g(30-32\))h(and)f(origin) i(of)d(virus)i(vulnerabilities)k(\(R)17 b(20)g(29\))1950 1724 y(SH)f(CIH)h(virus)h(\(26)f(Apr)g(1999\))g(recalls)i(Chernobyl)g (\(R)e(20)g(33\))1950 1803 y($SHf)g(Sasser)g(w)o(orm)g(\(R)g(23)g (35\);)h(Anti)n(virus)h(softw)o(are)f(prolongs)g(viral)h(life!)j(\(R)17 b(23)g(35,36\);)2010 1882 y(Sasser)g(implicated)j(in)e(Australian)h (train)f(outage,)h(stranding)f(up)f(to)h(300,000)f(commuters)h(\(R)2010 1961 y(23)f(35\);)h(Sasser)f(hits)g(unpatched)j(Delta)f(\003ight)e (softw)o(are)i(in)e(Atlanta)i(\(R)e(23)g(36\);)h(creator)2010 2040 y(turned)g(in)g(for)f($250,000)g(re)n(w)o(ard)i(from)e(Microsoft)h (\(R)f(23)g(37\))1950 2119 y(.....)i Fg(P)o(assw)o(ord)e(and)g (authentication)i(violations:)1950 2197 y Fj(SH)d(John-the-Ripper)21 b(softw)o(are)d(\002nds)f(48,000)g(passw)o(ords)h(\(R)f(19)g(91\))1950 2276 y(S)g(P)o(assw)o(ord)g(problem)h(on)f(Bloomber)o(g)h(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(\(R)f(20)g(08\))1950 2355 y(SHA)l(Ohe)g(Stanford)i (e-mail)f(system)f(passw)o(ords)h(stolen)g(by)f(snif)n(fer)h(attack)i (on)d(un-upgraded)2010 2434 y(systems,)g(reportedly)i(from)e(Sweden)h (and)f(Canada)i(\(R)e(20)g(05\))1950 2513 y(SHA)f(Or)o(ganized)j 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y(SP)f(DoT)h(linking)i(DMV)d (databases)j(and)f(biometrics)h(on)e(dri)n(v)o(er')l(s)i(licenses;)g (risks)e(of)g(f)o(alse)2010 3381 y(arrest,)h(internal)h(ab)o(use,)e (disclosure,)i(etc.)j(\(S)16 b(27)h(2:17,)g(R)g(21)g(87\))1950 3459 y(SPfmi)g(Biometric)i(systems)e(more)g(lik)o(e)i(to)o(ys)e(than)h (serious)g(security)h(measures)f(\(R)f(22)g(15,37\);)2010 3538 y(f)o(ace)i(recognition)h(found)d(lacking)i(at)f(Boston')l(s)g (Logan)f(Airport)h(\(R)f(22)g(16\))1950 3617 y(S)g(Reports)h(on)f (biometrics)i(for)e(controlling)j(borders,)d(airports,)h(and)g (seaports)g(\(R)f(22)g(60\))1950 3696 y(S$)f(Biometrics:)23 b(retina)18 b(scans)f(used)g(for)f(automating)j(English)e(school)g (lunch)h(payments)f(\(R)g(22)2010 3775 y(49\))1950 3854 y(SHAPf*)g(More)g(on)g(biometrics,)i(including)g(iris)f(scans)f(\(R)g (20)g(41-43\);)h(Thumbprints)g(in)2010 3933 y(Malaysian)h(smart)e (cards)h(\(R)f(20)g(43\))1950 4011 y(SP)f(UK)h(Home)g(Of)n(\002ce)h (identity)h(infrastructure:)25 b(Risks)17 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g(5:14\))1950 1330 y(VSHA)l(O)g(P)-6 b(ANIX)16 b(denial-of-service)22 b Fi(syn)17 b Fj(\003ooding)h(attack)h(\(R)e(18)g(45\);)h(more)f(on)g Fi(syn)g Fj(\003oods,)2010 1409 y(IP)g(spoo\002ng,)g(and)g(ho)n(w)g(to) h(defend)g(\(Fred)g(Cohen,)f(R)g(18)g(48\))1950 1488 y(VSHA)l(O)g(Major)h(denial-of-service)j Fi(syn)c Fj(attack)j(on)d(W)-5 b(ebCom)16 b(in)i(San)f(Francisco)i(area)f(\(S)f(22)2010 1566 y(2:23,)g(R)g(18)g(69\))1950 1645 y($e)g(Bad)g(upgrade)i(gets)e (America)h(On-Line)f(of)n(f-line)i(for)e(19)g(hours)g(7)f(Aug)h(1996)g (\(S)g(22)g(1:17,)g(R)2010 1724 y(18)g(30-31\))1950 1803 y(Vfe)g(More)h(A)l(OL)e(outages:)23 b(2)17 b(Dec)g(1996;)h(bad)g (upgrade,)g(5)f(Feb)g(1997)g(\(S)g(22)g(4:28,)g(R)g(18)g(81\))1950 1882 y(Vfe)g(E-mail)h(v)o(olume)f(brings)h(do)n(wn)f(Microsoft)i(Netw)o (ork)f(\(MSN\))f(serv)o(ers)h(for)f(C-E)f(and)i(T)-6 b(-Z)2010 1961 y(names;)18 b(Microsoft)g(shut)g(do)n(wn)f(entire)i (service)g(for)e(se)n(v)o(eral)i(days)e(to)g(upgrade)i(\(R)e(19)g(09\)) 1950 2040 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(bogus)f(program)h(\223Repent)h(Y)-7 b(our)17 b(Sins\224)g(\(S)g(12)g (4\);)2010 1251 y(CBN)g(emplo)o(yee)i(con)m(victed,)h(f)o(acing)f(up)e (to)g(11)g(years)h(in)f(prison)h(and)g($350,000)f(\002nes)g(\(S)g(16) 2010 1330 y(1,)f(R)h(10)g(62\))1950 1409 y(\(m/f\))g(Playbo)o(y)i (Channel)g(video)f(appeared)h(in)e(the)h Fi(J)n(eopar)n(dy)h Fj(time-slot)g(in)e(the)h(Chicago)h(area)2010 1488 y(for)e(10)g (minutes,)h(due)f(to)g(a)g(scre)n(wup)i(\(R)e(18)g(22\))1950 1566 y(SH)f(AsiaSat)j(Satellite)h(TV)c(broadcast)j(pirated)g(for)e(4)g (hours,)g(replaced)j(with)d(outla)o(wed)2010 1645 y(material)i(\(R)e (23)g(62\);)h(reminder)g(of)f(the)h(Playbo)o(y)h(spoof)e(\(R)g(23)g (64\))1950 1724 y(e)g(Upgrading)i(Cartoon)f(Netw)o(ork)h(Channel)g(gi)n (v)o(es)f(Playbo)o(y)g(video,)g(Flintstones')i(audio)e(\(S)e(22)2010 1803 y(4:26,)h(R)g(18)g(77\))1950 1882 y(SH)f(WGN-TV)g(and)i(WTTW)d(in) i(Chicago)i(o)o(v)o(ertak)o(en)h(by)d(pirate)i(broadcast)g(\(S)e(13)g (1\))1950 1961 y(SH)f(V)l(ideo)i(pirates)h(disrupt)f(L.A.)e(cable)i (broadcast)h(of)e(1989)h(Super)f(Bo)n(wl)h(\(S)f(14)g(2\))1950 2040 y(.....)i Fg(Other)e(cases:)1950 2119 y Fj(SH)f(British)j(b)o (usinesses)f(suf)n(fer)f(30)g(computer)i(disasters/year)h(\(S)d(12)g (1\))1950 2197 y(SH)f(UK)h(computer)h(security)h(audit)g(estimates)g (\24340M)e(fraud)h(in)f(1987)g(\(S)g(12)g(1\))1950 2276 y(S)g(Accidental)j(breach)e(of)f(Rockwell)j(security)e(bares)g(shuttle) h(softw)o(are)g(\(S)d(13)h(3\))1950 2355 y($SH)g(Debit)h(card)g(cop)o (ying)h(easy)e(despite)i(encryption)h(\(DC)d(Metro,)g(SF)g(B)n(AR)l(T) -5 b(,)16 b(etc.\))1950 2434 y($SH)h(Thie)n(v)o(es)h(pro\002t)f(from)g ($240,000)h(in)f(debit-card)j(transaction)g(adjustments)f(\(R)e(19)g (42\))1950 2513 y($SHO)g(Counterfeit)j(debit)e(cards)g(hit)g(Burns)f (National)i(and)f(others)g(\(R)f(19)g(53\))1950 2592 y(@$SHf)g(TIL)-6 b(T!)15 b(Counterfeit)21 b(pachink)o(o)e(cards)f(send) f($588M)h(do)n(wn)f(the)h(chute)g(\(S)f(21)g(5:19\))1950 2671 y($SH)g(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(cards)h(altered)j(by)d(in-car)h(home)f (computer)i(net)e($50,000)h(\(S)f(12)g(1\))1950 2750 y($SH)g(Micro)n(w)o(a)o(v)o(e)i(phone)f(calls)g(interceptable;)k (cordless,)c(cellular)i(phones)e(spoof)o(able)1950 2828 y($SH)f(Church)h(cordless)g(phone)g(ab)o(used)g(\(piggyback)o(ed)i (dialtone\))g(\(S)d(20)g(3:12\)\(SA)m(C)h(13)f(3\))1950 2907 y($SPH)g(More)g(cellular)j(phone)e(ea)o(v)o(esdropping)h(cases:)k (Pri)n(v)n(ate)c(call)g(on)e(sa)o(ving)g(the)h(SF)f(Giants)2010 2986 y(\(broadcast)i(on)e(TV)f(frequenc)o(y\);)k(Dan)d(Quayle)i(call)f (from)f(Air)g(F)o(orce)h(2)f(on)g(Gorbache)n(v)2010 3065 y(coup;)h(Seabrook)h(control-room)g(calls)f(including)i(one)d(on)g(bad) h(v)n(alv)o(e)g(karma,)g(heard)g(by)f(an)2010 3144 y(antinuclear)k (acti)n(vist;)f(Green)e(Bay)f(P)o(ack)o(er)i(football)g(player)g (calling)g(a)e(male)h(escort)g(service;)2010 3223 y(intimate)h(con)m(v) o(ersation)i(alle)o(gedly)f(with)d(Princess)h(Diana)h(\(\223my)e (darling)h(Squidge\224\))h(\(S)e(18)2010 3302 y(1:20\))1950 3381 y($SH)g(Unsecure)h(cellular)i(phone)e(fraud:)k($482M)17 b(in)h(1994)f(\(3.7\045)g(of)g(re)n(v)o(enue\))i(\(S)e(20)g(2:13\))1950 3459 y($SH)g(Massi)n(v)o(e)h(cell-phone)i(identi\002er)f(interception)i (\(S)c(21)g(5:19\))1950 3538 y($SH)g(Callback)i(security)g(schemes)f (rather)g(easy)g(to)f(break)h(\(S)f(11)g(5\))1950 3617 y($SHA)g(18)g(arrested)h(for)g(altering)h(cellular)h(mobile)e(phones)g (for)f(free)h(calls)g(\(S)f(12)g(2\))1950 3696 y(HS)f(San)i(Jose)f(CA)g (men)g(arrested)h(for)f(altering,)i(selling)g(cellular)h(phones)e(\(S)e (20)h(1:21\))1950 3775 y(+)g(E-mail)g(tap)h(nets)g(German)f(cell-phone) j(fraudsters)f(\(S)d(21)h(2:19\))1950 3854 y(SH)f(Risks)i(of)f(lap-top) h(computers)h(being)f(permitted)h(in)e(e)o(xams)h(\(S)e(13)h(3\))1950 3933 y($SH)g(Embezzlements,)h(e.g.,)f(Muhammed)g(Ali)h(swindle)g ([$23.2)f(Million],)i(Security)g(P)o(aci\002c)2010 4011 y(\($10.2)e(Million\),)i(City)f(National)h(Be)n(v)o(erly)g(Hills)f(CA)f ([$1.1)g(Million,)i(23Mar1979])2010 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3775 y(+)g(Deep)h(Crack)g(\(part)g(of)f(Distrib)o (uted.Net')l(s)j(100,000)d(PC)g(attack\))j(cracks)e(RSA)-7 b(')l(s)16 b(DES)-330 3854 y(Challenge)k(III)d(in)g(less)g(than)h(a)f (day)l(,)g(Jan)g(1999)h(\(R)f(20)g(17-18\))-390 3933 y(S)g(Elliptic)i(curv)o(e)f(97-bit)g(challenge)i(brok)o(en)f(in)e(40)g (days)g(with)h(740)f(computers)h(in)g(20)-330 4011 y(countries)h(\(R)e (20)g(61\))-390 4090 y(SH)f(Lucent)j(cracks)f(SSL)e(e-commerce)j (encryption)g(code)f(\(R)f(19)g(84\))-390 4169 y(S)g(Cryptanalysis)i (of)e(Frog,)g(a)g(not-v)o(ery-strong)j(AES)c(candidate)k(to)d(replace)j (DES)c(\(R)h(19)g(92\))-390 4248 y(SP)f(Implications)k(of)d(outla)o (wing)i(concealed)h(messages:)i(ban)c(the)g(Bible,)g(smile)o(y)g(f)o (aces,)-330 4327 y(foreign)g(languages)i(\(Na)o(v)n(aho)e(used)f(in)h (WWII\),)d(on-line)k(card)f(catalogs,)h(random)f(numbers,)-330 4406 y(what)g(else???)23 b(\(R)17 b(19)g(37-41\);)h(use)f(of)g(ste)o (ganography)l(,)i(e.g.,)d(in)h(graphical)j(images)e(\(R)f(19)-330 4485 y(40,41\);)h(Fe)o(ynman')l(s)g(censors)g(in)f(WWII)f(objected)k (to)d(math!)k(\(R)c(19)h(39\))-390 4564 y(SP\(f?\))j(More)d(on)f(risks) g(of)g(k)o(e)o(y)h(reco)o(v)o(ery:)23 b(see)17 b(also)h(PGN)e (testimonies)k(before)e(the)g(Senate)-330 4642 y(Judiciary)h(Committee) g(and)e(House)h(Science)h(Committee)g(subcommittee)g(on)e(T)-5 b(echnology)l(,)-330 4721 y(with)18 b(written)g(responses)g(to)g (questions)g(as)f(well)h(\(http://www)l(.csl.sri.com/neumann/\).)-390 4800 y(S)f("Pri)n(v)n(ate)i(doorbells")g(proposed)f(alternati)n(v)o(e)j (to)d(k)o(e)o(y-reco)o(v)o(ery)i(\(R)d(19)g(85\))-390 4879 y(Sf)g(More)g(on)g(cryptographic)k(hashing)d(and)f(MD5,)g(P)o(aul) g(K)n(ocher)h(\(R)f(19)g(26\))-390 4958 y(S)g(John)g(Gilmore)h (publishes)g(strong)g(crypto)g(code)g(for)f(authentication)22 b(\(R)17 b(19)g(52\))-390 5037 y(Sf?)k(Discussion)d(of)f(alle)o(ged)j (weak)d(RSA)g(k)o(e)o(ys)h(in)f(PGP)f(\(R)i(19)f(50\))-390 5116 y(SP)f(Ne)n(w)i(attack)h(on)e(PGP)f(k)o(e)o(ys)i(with)g(a)f(W)-5 b(ord)16 b(Macro)i(\(R)f(20)g(19-20\))-390 5195 y(Sf)g (Exchange/Outlook)j(plug-in)f(for)e(PGP)f(bypasses)i(crypto)g(\(R)f(19) g(81-83\))-390 5273 y(S)g(Why)f(cryptography)j(is)e(harder)h(than)g(it) g(looks,)f(Bruce)h(Schneier)h(\(R)e(19)g(61\))-390 5352 y(SH)f(Cypherpunks)j(break)f(GSM)f(digital)i(cell-phone)h(encryption)g (in)d(90M)g(units)h(\(R)f(19)-330 5431 y(67-68\);)h(response)g(from)f (GSM)f(Alliance)k(\(R)d(19)g(69\))-390 5510 y(SP)f(More)i(on)f(the)h(k) o(e)o(y-reco)o(v)o(ery)i(crypto)e(discussion,)g(including)i(the)e (Denning-Baugh)h(report)-330 5589 y(on)e(crypto)h(impediments)h(to)e (la)o(w)h(enforcement)h(\(R)e(19)g(62,63,65,67,72\))1950 -90 y(S)g(Discussion)h(of)f(smart-card)h(security)l(,)g(responding)h (to)e Fi(Car)n(d)g(T)-6 b(ec)o(hnolo)o(gy)20 b(Ma)o(gazine)2010 -11 y Fj(declaring,)f(\223The)f(smart)f(card)h(is)f(an)g(intrinsically) k(secure)d(de)n(vice.)-5 b(\224)24 b(\(R)17 b(18)g(91\))1950 68 y(S)g(Commerce)h(Secretary)h(calls)f(U.S.)e(encryption)k(polic)o(y)e (a)f(f)o(ailure)j(\(S)c(23)h(4:25,)h(R)f(19)g(68\))1950 147 y(SP)f(Ron)i(Ri)n(v)o(est')l(s)h(nonencrypti)n(v)o(e)i(Chaf)n (\002ng)d(and)g(W)m(inno)n(wing)h(\(S)d(23)h(4:25,)h(R)e(19)h(64\);) 2010 226 y(natural-language)22 b(e)o(xample)d(\(R)e(19)g(65\))1950 305 y(SP)f(Cellphone)k(CMEA)d(64-bit)h(encryption)i(ef)n(fecti)n(v)o (ely)h(only)d(24)f(or)f(32)h(bits)h(\(R)f(18)g(92\))1950 383 y(SHP)f(Cellphone)k(carriers)f(can)f(listen)g(in)f(through)i(your)e (phone,)g(Ryan)h(Block)h(\(R)e(24)g(02\))1950 462 y(S)g(Myths)g(about)h (digital)h(signatures)g(discussed)g(by)e(Ed)f(Felten)j(\(R)e(18)g (83,84\))1950 541 y(S)g(Lee)n(vi)h(Marttila)h(program)f(translates)h(C) e(to)h(English)f(and)h(back;)g(used)f(for)h(crypto,)f(what)h(is)2010 620 y(free)g(speech)g(and)g(what)f(is)g(not)h(e)o(xportable?)24 b(\(R)17 b(19)g(92\))1950 699 y(S\002)f(Microsoft)j(Outlook)f(e-mail)h (glitch)g(discloses)f(unencrypted)i(message;)e(cancelled)2010 778 y(message)g(not)f(cancelled)k(\(R)c(19)g(74,76\))1950 857 y(mh)f(Risk)i(of)f(not)g(backing)i(up)e(PGP)g(K)n(e)o(y)g(Ring)h (\002les)f(\(R)g(20)g(30\))1950 936 y(hei)h(Risks)f(of)g(running)h(a)f (public-k)o(e)o(y)j(infrastructure)h(\(R)c(20)g(32-33\))1950 1014 y(SH)f(Adi)i(Shamir)f(reports)h(design)g(of)f(special-purpose)k (machine)d(to)g(f)o(actor)g(RSA)f(prime)2010 1093 y(products)h(\(R)f (20)g(37\))1950 1172 y($SH)f(P)o(arisian)i(programmer)f(Ser)o(ge)g (Humpich)h(mak)o(es)f(his)f(o)n(wn)h(smartcards;)h(crack)o(ed)h (640-bit)2010 1251 y(crypto)f(k)o(e)o(y)g(\(R)f(20)g(77\);)h(despite)h (ne)o(gotiations)h(to)d(re)n(v)o(eal)i(the)f(technique,)i(he)d(w)o(as)g (con)m(victed)2010 1330 y(of)g(fraud,)g(b)o(ut)g(gi)n(v)o(en)i (suspended)f(sentence)i(\(R)d(20)g(82\).)1950 1409 y(VSH)f(Stephen)j (King')l(s)f(on-line-only)i(eBook)e(tax)o(es)g(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(sites)g(on)g(opening)i(day)l(,)e(14)g(Mar)2010 1488 y(2000,)g(representing)j(unintended)g(denials)e(of)f(service!)23 b(\(R)17 b(20)g(85\);)h(it)f(w)o(as)h(rapidly)g(re)n(v)o(erse)2010 1566 y(engineered,)i(decrypted,)f(and)e(pirated;)j(ISPs)c(forced)i (customers)g(to)g(delete)h(it,)e(b)o(ut)g(w)o(as)g(still)2010 1645 y(a)o(v)n(ailable)j(else)n(where)g(\(e.g.,)c(a)h(Swiss)g(b)o (ulletin)i(board\);)f(de)n(v)o(elopers)i(blame)e(e)o(xport)g(controls) 2010 1724 y(for)f(weak)h(crypto!)k(\(R)17 b(20)g(86\))1950 1803 y(.....)i Fg(Limitations)g(of)e(encryption)h(and)f(r)o(elated)i (pr)o(oblems)f Fj(\(less)f(recent\):)1950 1882 y(S)g(100-digit)i (numbers)e(f)o(actorable;)k(crypto)d(implications)i([as)d(of)g(1988])h (\(S)e(14)i(1\))1950 1961 y(SP)e(DES)h(vulnerabilities)k(claimed)e(by)e (Shamir)h(and)f(Biham)h(\(S)e(16)h(4,)g(R)g(12)g(43\);)g(requires)2010 2040 y(lar)o(ge)h(amounts)g(of)f(kno)n(wn)h(plainte)o(xt,)h(ADDS)e (credibility)j(to)e(DES!)1950 2119 y(S)f(56-Bit)h(Encryption)h(Is)d(V) -5 b(ulnerable,)20 b(Says)d(Phil)g(Zimmermann)g(\(S)g(21)g(5:19\))1950 2197 y(S)g(Discussion)h(on)f(the)g(strength)i(of)e(56-bit)h(crypto)h(k) o(e)o(ys)e(\(R)g(18)g(26,27\))1950 2276 y(SP)f(Potential)k(problems)e (with)g(NIST)-6 b(-proposed)17 b(Digital)j(Signature)f(Standard)f (\(DSS\))f(and)2010 2355 y(DSA)f(\(based)i(on)f(ElGamal)h(and)g (Schnorr\):)k(Bidzos)c(\(R)f(12)g(37\);)h(Ri)n(v)o(est,)g(\(R)f(12)g (57,58\);)2010 2434 y(others)h(\(R)f(12)g(33)g(to)g(35\);)h(Hellman,)g (\(R)f(12)g(63\).)1950 2513 y($SP)g(Risks)g(of)g(e)o(xport)h(controls)h (on)e(w)o(orkstations,)i(cryptosystems)f(\(R)f(12)g(30-35\);)i(See)e (also)2010 2592 y(Clark)h(W)-5 b(eissman,)17 b(Inside)h(Risks,)f(CA)m (CM,)g(34,)f(10,)h(p.162,)g(Oct)g(1991.)1950 2671 y(SP)f(Sun)h(e)o (xploits)i(loophole)g(in)f(crypto)g(ban)g(for)f(SunScreen)h(SKIP)f(E+)f (\(R)h(19)g(17\))1950 2750 y(SP)f(MD5)h(weakness)h(and)g(possible)g (consequences)i(\(R)d(19)g(14,16,24,26\))1950 2828 y($SP)g(Computer)h (Systems)f(Polic)o(y)h(Project)h(estimates)g($60)e(billion)i(mark)o (et-share)h(loss)d(in)g(year)2010 2907 y(2000)g(resulting)j(from)c (current)j(U.S.)d(e)o(xport)i(controls)h(on)e(crypto)h(products)g(\(R)f (17)g(61\))1950 2986 y($SP)g(Crypto)h(e)o(xport)g(licenses)h(issued)f (to)f(Apple,)g(Adobe,)h(RSA)e(\(S)h(17)g(3\))1950 3065 y($SP)g(U.S.)e(encryption)20 b(e)o(xport)e(control)h(polic)o(y)g (softens)f(some)n(what)g(\(S)e(17)h(4\))1950 3144 y(S)g(U.S.)e(program) j(e)o(xport)g(controls)h(ruled)f(unconstitutional)k(by)17 b(Northern)h(California)i(federal)2010 3223 y(judge,)e(Marilyn)g(Hall)g (P)o(atel)h(\(R)e(18)g(69\))1950 3302 y(SP)f(Char)o(ges)j(dropped)f (relating)h(to)f(PGP)e(e)o(xport)i(and)g(Phil)f(Zimmermann)h(\(S)e(21)h (2:20\))1950 3381 y(SP)f(Daniel)j(Bernstein)g(case)f(in)m(v)o(olving)h (e)o(xport)g(controls)f(for)f(crypto)i(programs,)e(snuf)n(\003e)h(and) 2010 3459 y(unsnuf)n(\003e)g(\(R)f(19)g(05,)g(18)g(69,)f(19)h(52\))1950 3538 y(SH)f(F)o(or)o(ged)i(\223PGP)f(has)g(been)h(crack)o(ed\224)i (message)e(\()p Fi(not)f Fj(from)g(Fred)g(Cohen\);)i(pursuing)f(the) 2010 3617 y(gi)n(v)o(en)h(URL)d(could)i(lead)g(to)g(your)f(ISP)g (disabling)i(you!)i(\(R)c(19)g(08,09\))1950 3696 y($SP)g(NSA,)f(FBI,)g (cryptosystems:)23 b(J.)16 b(Abernathy)l(,)i(Houston)g(Chron.)j (21Jun92)d(\(S)f(17)g(4\))1950 3775 y(SP)f(Escro)n(wed)i(K)n(e)o(y)g (Initiati)n(v)o(e)j(\(Clipper)m(,)e(Capstone,)f(and)g(Skipjack\))h (discussed)f(\(S)f(18)g(3:A12,)2010 3854 y(R)g(14)g(51-59,)g(f)n(f.\);) g(Skipjack)j(Re)n(vie)n(w)f(by)e(Dorothy)g(Denning)i(\(R)e(14)g(81\);)g (more)g(on)2010 3933 y(Escro)n(wed)h(K)n(e)o(ys,)f(SkipJack,)h(Clipper) m(,)h(and)e(Capstone)i(\(R)e(15)g(46,)g(f)n(f.\))1950 4011 y(S)g(NSA)f(declassi\002ed)j(80-bit)g(Skipjack)g(encryption)g (algorithm)g(and)f(its)f(1024-bit)2010 4090 y(k)o(e)o(y-e)o(xchange)k (algorithm)e(\(R)e(19)g(84\))1950 4169 y(S)g(Comments)g(on)g(the)h (U.S.)d(Go)o(v)o(ernment)k(T)-5 b(echnical)20 b(Advisory)e(Committee)h (to)e(De)n(v)o(elop)i(a)2010 4248 y(Federal)g(Information)g(Processing) f(Standard)h(for)e(the)h(Federal)g(K)n(e)o(y)g(Management)2010 4327 y(Infrastructure)i(\(T)-6 b(A)m(CDFIPSFKMI\))17 b(\(R)g(19)g(84-86\).)1950 4406 y(SP)f(\223K)n(e)o(y)j(Reco)o(v)o(ery") g(replaces)g(\223K)n(e)o(y)f(Escro)n(w")f(in)h(U.S.)d(encryption)20 b(plan)e(\(R)f(18)g(50,54\))1950 4485 y(S)g(P)o(alisades)h(P)o(ark)g (NJ)e(school)i(emplo)o(ys)g(16-yr)o(-old)g(to)g(break)g(into)g(lock)o (ed-up)h(computer)2010 4564 y(system)e(\226)g(need)h(for)f(k)o(e)o(y)h (reco)o(v)o(ery)h(mechanisms?)j(\(R)17 b(18)g(70,71\))1950 4642 y($S)g(No)o(v)g(1995)g(report)h(on)f(minimal)h(k)o(e)o(y)g (lengths)h(for)e(symmetric)h(ciphers)g(\(R)f(17)g(69\))1950 4721 y(SPH)f(FBI)h(digital)j(phone)e(tapping,)g(see)g(M.G.)d(Mor)o (gan,)i(IEEE)f(Institute,)j(Sep/Oct)f(92)1950 4800 y(SP)e(Police)j (can')o(t)f(crack)h(crypto)f(used)f(by)g(Basque)h(terrorist)h(or)o (ganization)h(\(S)d(17)g(3\))1950 4879 y(!)k(Bank)d(robber)f(foiled)i (by)e(security)i(screen)f(\(S)f(20)g(1:16\))1950 4958 y(.....)i Fg(Other)e(topics)h(r)o(elated)g(to)f(cryptograph)o(y)p Fj(:)1950 5037 y(-)g(Discussion)h(o)o(v)o(er)f(who)g(disco)o(v)o(ered)j 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y(22)f(04\))1950 305 y(2002:)22 b(The)17 b(Scandana)o(vian)j (\223nation\224)g(of)c(Ladonia)j(dra)o(ws)e(thousands)h(of)f(requests)h (for)2010 383 y(citizenship!)24 b(\(R)18 b(21)f(96\))1950 462 y(2003:)22 b(The)17 b(Security)i(Flag)e(in)h(the)f(IPv4)h(Header)m (,)g(the)g(Evil)f(Bit)h(\(Ste)n(v)o(e)g(Bello)o(vin,)h(R)e(22)g(66\);) 2010 541 y(alternati)n(v)o(e:)26 b(The)17 b(Angelic)i(Bit)e(\(Dre)n(w)h (Dean,)f(R)g(22)g(66\))1950 620 y(2003:)22 b(Rec)o(ycling)e(of)d(old)g (programs)h(\(R)f(22)g(66\))1950 699 y(2004:)22 b(Coincidental)f(Risks) c(\226)g(related)i(to)f(electronic)i(v)o(oting)e(systems)f(\(Jim)g (Horning,)g(R)g(23)2010 778 y(29,)g(S)f(29)h(5:17-18\))1950 857 y(2006:)22 b(Scholastic)e(Aptitude)f(T)-5 b(est)17 b(errors)g(resemble)i(electronic)h(v)o(oting)e(machines)h(\(R)e(24)g (22\))1950 936 y(2006:)22 b(Airb)o(us)17 b(A380)g(Ev)n(acuation)j(T)-5 b(est)17 b(\(R)g(24)g(22\))1950 1014 y(2006:)22 b(Boeing)c(B777)g (\003ight)g(control)h(anomalies)f(\(R)f(24)h(22\))1950 1093 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y(P)g(Furor)g(o)o(v)o(er)g(Intel')l(s)i(Pentium)f(III)f(processor) h(ID)f(discussed)h(by)f(Bruce)h(Schneier)h(\(R)e(20)g(19\);)2010 5453 y(German)h(report)g(of)f(\003a)o(w)g(re-enabling)j(o)o(v)o(erride) f(of)e(ID)f(disabling)j(\(R)e(20)g(23\))1950 5532 y(hPi)g(U.S.)f (Bureau)i(of)f(Labor)g(Statistics)j(posts)d(of)n(\002cial)i(tables)g (one)e(day)h(prematurely)h(\(R)e(20)2010 5610 y(05\);)h(another)g (premature)h(data)g(release:)k(Producer)18 b(Price)g(Inde)o(x)g(\(R)f (20)g(16\);)h(Australian)1908 5896 y Fk(48)p eop end %%Page: 49 49 TeXDict begin 49 48 bop -330 -90 a Fj(b)o(udget)18 b(press)f(release)i (follo)n(ws)f(suit,)g(blamed)g(on)f(\223technical)k(and)c(human)g (errors\224)h(\(R)f(20)-330 -11 y(39\))-390 68 y(SP)f(Markus)i(K)o(uhn) f(and)h(Ross)e(Anderson')l(s)j(Soft)e(T)-5 b(empest,)17 b(Microsoft,)h(and)g(cop)o(y)g(pre)n(v)o(ention)-330 147 y(\(R)f(19)g(59-60\))-390 226 y(SP)f(American)j(Bar)e(Assn)g(OKs)f 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y(chats,)e(streaming)g(video\))h(\(R)e(21)g(07\))1950 -90 y(SPH)f(CIA)h(secret)i(of)n(f-color)g(chat)f(room)f(undetected)j (for)d(\002)n(v)o(e)h(years)g(\(R)f(21)g(13\))1950 -11 y(P)g(Richard)h(M.)f(Smith')l(s)g(top)h(10)f(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)i (stories)f(of)f(2000)2010 68 y(http://www)l(.pri)n(v)n(ac)o(yfoundat)q (ion)q(.or)o(g/re)q(le)q(ase/)q(top)q(10.html)23 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(18\))1950 147 y(P)g(Intelligence)k(gathering)e(risks)e(from)g (some)f(o)o(v)o(er)o(-informati)n(v)o(e)21 b(e-mail)d(auto-responses)i (\(R)2010 226 y(21)d(16,22\))1950 305 y(SP)f(IBM)i(and)f(Intel)h(push)f (cop)o(y)i(protection)g(into)f(ordinary)h(disk)e(dri)n(v)o(es:)23 b(v)n(arious)c(vie)n(ws)e(\(R)g(21)2010 383 y(17-19\))1950 462 y(P)g(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y/quality)22 b(risks)17 b(in)g(Quick)o(en)i (Online)f(Billing)i(Service)e(\(R)f(21)g(17\))1950 541 y(Phf)g(Credit)h(report)h(full)f(of)e(errors)i(\226)f(and)g(e)o (x-spouse')l(s)i(address)f(\(R)f(21)g(17\))1950 620 y(hiP)g (Misidenti\002cation:)26 b(recorded)19 b(on)e(CCTV)-9 b(,)17 b(UK)f(citizen)k(arrested)f(after)f(making)g(normal)2010 699 y(transaction)i(immediately)g(follo)n(wing)f(cash-machine)h(thief)e (\(R)f(21)g(36\))1950 778 y(SP)f(Dutch)i(go)o(v)o(ernment)h(advised)g (to)e(gi)n(v)o(e)h(citizens)i(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(access)h(to)f(Ci)n(vil)i (Re)o(gistry)g(')m(digital)2010 857 y(v)n(ault')g(with)f(their)g (personal)h(information;)g(risks)e(issues)h(\(R)f(21)g(33\))1950 936 y(SPh)g(K)n(e)n(w)g(Public)i(Records)f(Of)n(\002ce)g(using)f (British)i(prisoners)f(for)f(data)h(input)g(of)f(old)h(census)2010 1014 y(data;)h(the)o(y)f(made)f(changes)i(such)e(as)g(\223w)o (ardens\224)i(to)e(\223bastards\224;)j(subsequent)f(corrections)2010 1093 y(being)f(outsourced)h(to)f(\223cheap)g(labor\224)h(in)e(India)h (\(R)f(21)g(35\))1950 1172 y(P)g(Amtrak)g(')l(sharing')i(passenger)f (information)h(with)f(Drug)f(Enforcement)i(\(R)e(21)g(36\);)h(later) 2010 1251 y(backs)g(do)n(wn)1950 1330 y(SSN)e(problems)i(in)f(mortgage) i(info)e(database)j(\(R)d(21)g(31\))1950 1409 y(SP)f(9)h(states)h(ha)o (v)o(e)g(insecure)h(se)o(x-of)n(fender)h(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(sites;)i(2)f(ha)o(v)o(e)h(insecure)h(criminal)g(history)2010 1488 y(records)f(\(R)f(21)g(22\))1950 1566 y(SP)f(GA)l(O)h(\002nds)g (lax)h(security)h(in)e(IRS)g(electronic)j(\002ling)e(system,)f(ability) i(to)f(read)g(and)f(change)2010 1645 y(other)h(people')l(s)h(returns)f (\(R)f(21)g(28\))1950 1724 y(SPf)g(Netw)o(ork)h(Solutions)g(e)o(xposes) g(e-mail)h(addresses,)e(enables)i(unauthorized)i(deletions)e(\(R)2010 1803 y(21)e(21\))1950 1882 y(Sh)g(Porn)g(site)h(took)f(o)o(v)o(er)h (domain)g(of)f(widely)h(used)g(agricultural)i(resource)f(center)m(,)g (causing)2010 1961 y(unfortunate)h(links)e(from)e(go)o(v)o(ernment)j (and)f(school)g(sites;)g(f)o(aulty)h(Netw)o(ork)f(Solutions)2010 2040 y(record-k)o(eeping)j(blamed)d(\(R)f(21)g(29\))1950 2119 y(SPf)g(Biblio\002nd)i(e)o(xposes)f(credit-card)i(info)d(for)g(4)g (months)g(\(R)g(21)g(26-27\))1950 2197 y(SPH)f(Theft)i(of)f(RCMP)g(of)n (\002cer')l(s)i(v)o(ehicle)g(gi)n(v)o(es)f(home)f(address,)h(and)f (robbery)h(of)f(home)2010 2276 y(computers)h(and)g(property)g(\(R)f(21) g(22\))1950 2355 y(P)g(Police)h(can)g(read)g(e)n(v)o(ent)h(data)f (recorders)h(in)e(auto)h(air)o(-bag)g(systems)f(\(R)g(21)g(23\))1950 2434 y(Pf)g(401\(k\))g(mixup)h(sends)f(statements)i(to)e(of)n(f-by-one) i(recipients,)h(disclosing)f(personal)f(info)2010 2513 y(\(R)f(21)g(21\))1950 2592 y(SPe)g(T)n(ra)o(v)o(elocity)i(e)o(xposes)f (51,000)f(customers')h(information)h(for)f(up)f(to)g(a)g(month)g(\(R)g (21)g(21\))1950 2671 y(P)g(Lax)f(customer)i(information)i(pri)n(v)n(ac) o(y)f(policies:)24 b(Netw)o(ork)18 b(Solutions)h(\(R)e(21)g(24\),)g (Amazon)2010 2750 y(changes)i(end-game)f(polic)o(y)l(,)g(W)-5 b(ebV)e(an,)16 b(...)1950 2828 y(P)h(La)o(wsuit)g(challenges)j (\223\002le)e(b)o(uying\224)g(of)f(prescription)j(records)e(when)g (pharmac)o(y)g(stores)g(are)2010 2907 y(sold)f(\(R)g(21)g(35\))1950 2986 y(SPf)g(More)g(on)g(hidden)h(info)g(in)f(MS)g(W)-5 b(ord)16 b(documents)j(\(R)e(21)g(25,32\))1950 3065 y(SP)f(F)o(airf)o (ax)j(V)l(ir)o(ginia)g(police)g(records)f(are)g(posted)g(online)g(\(in) g(MSW)-5 b(ord\),)16 b(b)o(ut)h(ne)n(v)o(er)i(updated)2010 3144 y(to)e(include)i(case)f(dispositions)h(\(R)e(21)g(27\))1950 3223 y(SP)f(Ne)n(w)i(\003ashlight)h(sees)e(through)h(doors)f(as)g(well) h(as)f(windo)n(ws)h(\(R)f(21)g(35\))1950 3302 y(P)g(Hidden)h(highw)o (ay)g(robbery)h(within)f(Microsoft)g(T)-5 b(erms)17 b(of)g(Use)g (contracts?)24 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(32,35\))1950 3381 y(SP)f(U.S.)g(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(sites)h(f)o(all)g(short)f(of)g(global)i(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)g (standards)g(\(S)e(26)g(6:14,)g(R)g(21)g(61\))1950 3459 y(P)g(W)-5 b(oman)16 b(stalk)o(ed)j(by)e(Michigan)i(cop)f(via)f(police) i(databases)g(before)g(being)f(murdered)g(\(S)f(26)2010 3538 y(6:14,)g(R)g(21)g(60\))1950 3617 y(SPhe)g(Geor)o(gia')l(s)i(HOPE) d(scholarship)j(program)f(passw)o(ords)f(and)h(personal)g(info)g(e)o (xposed)g(on)2010 3696 y(the)g(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(and)i(cached)h(on)e (search)h(engines)h(for)e(man)o(y)g(months;)h(deletion)h(of)e(one)h (\002le)2010 3775 y(blamed)g(\(R)f(21)g(58,59\))1950 3854 y(SP)f(W)-5 b(ashington)19 b(State)f(public)h(schools)f(putting)h (student)f(information)h(on)e(the)h(Internet;)2010 3933 y(security)h(and)e(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)j(questioned)f(\(R)e(21)g(43\))1950 4011 y(P)g(Council)h(of)f(the)h(European)g(Union)g(considering)h (storing)g(all)f(telecom)g(traf)n(\002c)h(for)e(at)h(least)g(7)2010 4090 y(years)g(\226)f(for)g(\223public)i(safety)f(and)f(la)o(w)h (enforcement\224?)24 b(\(R)18 b(21)f(42-45\))1950 4169 y(P)g(T)-5 b(otally)18 b(Hip')l(s)f(Mac)h(\223Li)n(v)o(estage)i (Pro\224)d(co)o(v)o(ert)h(http)g(tracking;)i(Adobe)e(similar)g(\(R)f (21)g(56,58\))1950 4248 y(Se)g(Building)i(alarm-monitoring)h (security-system)g(update)e(leads)h(to)e(insecurity:)2010 4327 y(con\002guration)j(database)f(and)f(backups)g(deleted)h(\(R)e(21) g(54\))1950 4406 y(Sfei)h(Peoples)g(Federal)h(Sa)o(vings)e(Bank)h (softw)o(are)h(upgrade)f(goes)g(a)o(wry:)j(PINs)c(inadv)o(ertently)2010 4485 y(reset)h(to)f(ob)o(vious)h(def)o(ault;)i(account)f(linkages)g (disabled;)h(other)e(changes)g(\(R)f(21)g(53\);)h(things)2010 4564 y(not)f(impro)o(v)o(ed)i(months)e(later)i(\(R)e(21)g(82\);)g (retraction)j(after)f(bank)e(e)o(xplanation)k(\002)n(v)o(e)c(months) 2010 4642 y(later)i(\(R)e(21)g(86\))1950 4721 y(SP)f(W)-5 b(orld)17 b(bank,)h(seeking)g(safer)g(place)h(to)e(meet,)g(chooses)h (the)g(Internet!)23 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(43\))1950 4800 y(Ph)g(Illinois)i (Re)o(gistered)g(Se)o(x)e(Of)n(fender)i(database)g(rife)f(with)g (consequential)j(errors)c(\(R)g(21)g(44\))1950 4879 y(SP)f(More)i(than) g(90)f(Michigan)i(cops)e(ab)o(used)h(police)h(database)g(to)e(stalk)h (w)o(omen,)f(threaten)2010 4958 y(motorists,)g(settle)i(scores)f(\(R)f (21)g(58\))1950 5037 y(P\(+/-\))h(Omron)f(Corp)g(anti-theft)j(de)n (vice)f(intended)h(to)d(stop)g(stolen)i(car)e(outside)i(police)g 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y(on)f(cop)o(yright)j(implications)g(\(R)d(21)g(98\))-390 4642 y($P)g(CT)f(Dept)i(of)f(Consumer)h(Protection)h(questions)g (speeding)f(\002nes)f(le)n(vied)j(by)d(rental-car)-330 4721 y(companies)i(\(R)e(21)g(91\))-390 4800 y(SP)f(Risks)i(of)f(SafeW) -5 b(eb)17 b(anon)o(ymizer:)24 b(tunneling)19 b(too)f(close)g(to)f(the) h(person)g(you')m(re)f(trying)i(to)-330 4879 y(protect)g(\(S)e(27)g (3:12-13,)h(R)e(21)h(93\))-390 4958 y(SP)-6 b(A)16 b(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)j (risks)f(in)f(MSN)f(Messenger)j(4.6)d(\(R)h(22)g(13\))-390 5037 y(SP)f(Risks)i(of)f(identity-theft)k(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(\(R)f(22)g(13\))-390 5116 y(SP)-6 b(A)16 b(54\045)i(of)f(U.S.) e(schools)j(use)f(students)i(for)e(computer)h(tech)g(support)g(\(R)f (22)g(11\))-390 5195 y(SP)-6 b(A)16 b(Japanese)j(service)g(links)e(A)-7 b(TMs)16 b(to)h(cell)i(phones)f(\(R)f(22)g(16\))-390 5273 y(SPH)f(Enron/Anderson)j(types)f(of)f(problems)h(reach)g(into)g (information)h(technology:)24 b(the)18 b(Big)g(5)-330 5352 y(accounting)i(\002rms)c(also)i(audit)g(information)h(assurance)g (and)f(security)h(\(R)e(22)g(13\))-390 5431 y(SP)f(T)n(racking)j(subw)o (ay)e(users)g(by)g(electronic)k(f)o(are)d(cards)g(\(R)f(22)g(12\))-390 5510 y(SP)f(Finger)o(-printing)21 b(children)e(in)e(schools,)h(without) g(parental)i(in)m(v)o(olv)o(ement)f(\(R)e(22)g(18\))-390 5589 y(SP\002)f(Kazaa)j(users)e(inadv)o(ertently)k(share)d(their)g(pri) n(v)n(ate)i(\002les)d(\(R)g(22)g(12\))1950 -90 y(SPf)g(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(glitch)j(e)o(xposed)f(300,000)g(Canadian)h(accounts)g(at)f (Fidelity)h(In)m(v)o(estments)g(\(R)e(22)g(12\))1950 -11 y(P)g(Are)g(we)g(le)o(gally)i(obligated)g(to)f(w)o(atch)g (commercials?)24 b(\(R)17 b(22)g(12\))1950 68 y(P)g(Citibank')l(s)i (third-party)h(e-mailing)f(raises)f(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)h(concern)g(\(R)e (22)g(23\))1950 147 y(SP)f(Federal)j(appeals)g(court)f(o)o(v)o(erturns) h(its)e(o)n(wn)g(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)h(ruling)g(\(R) e(22)g(23\))1950 226 y(P$)g(T)-5 b(ough)16 b(EU)h(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)i (rules)f(in\003uence)h(U.S.)d(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(practices)k(\(R)d(22)g (22\))1950 305 y(VSHPm)f(Rube)i(Goldber)o(g)g(strik)o(es)g(again:)23 b(man)17 b(damages)h(cruiser;)h(police)g(use)e(pepper)h(spray)l(,)2010 383 y(restraints,)h(place)f(him)f(in)h(jail)g(cell;)h(he)e(jumps)g(up,) g(hitting)i(light)g(and)e(microphone,)2010 462 y(destro)o(ying)i(the)f (light,)g(tripping)h(a)e(circuit)i(break)o(er)m(,)g(causing)g(the)f (police)h(dispatch)g(room)2010 541 y(lights)f(to)g(go)f(out)g(and)h (messing)f(up)g(the)h(phone)g(systems)f(\(R)g(22)g(22\))1950 620 y($SPf)g(Ne)n(w)g(Jerse)o(y)h(E-ZP)o(ass)e(transponders)j(wearing)f (out,)f(causing)i(bogus)e(citations)j(and)2010 699 y(necessitating)h (900,000)c(replacement)j(de)n(vices)f(\(R)f(22)f(31\))1950 778 y($h)g(Problems)h(with)f(Chicago-area)k(toll)d(road)g (transponders:)23 b(Acti)n(v)n(ating)e(I-P)-6 b(ASS)16 b(hits)i(a)2010 857 y(roadblock;)i(Online)e(demand)g(blamed)g(for)f (delay)i(\(R)e(23)g(67\))1950 936 y(SPf?)k(L)l(ying)d(Lie)f(Detectors,) i(W)m(illiam)f(Sa\002re)g(article)h(quotes)f(National)i(Research)f (Council)2010 1014 y(study:)j(\223No)17 b(sp)o(y)g(has)h(e)n(v)o(er)g (been)g(caught)g([by])g(using)f(the)h(polygraph.)-5 b(\224)23 b(\(R)17 b(22)g(30\))1950 1093 y($SP$)g(etc.)22 b(The)16 b(Under)o(ground)j(W)-5 b(eb:)21 b(ille)o(gal)e(acti)n(vities)i(so)c (easy)g(\(R)g(22)g(24\);)h(f)o(ak)o(e)h(Internet)2010 1172 y(bank)f(bilk)o(ed)h(tw)o(o)e(people)i(out)e(of)g($100,000)h(\(R)f (2)g(29\))1950 1251 y(SP)f(Ore)o(gon)i(proposing)h(to)e(tax)h(in-state) h(car)e(mileage)i(via)f(GPS)e(\(R)h(22)h(46\))1950 1330 y(P)f(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)i(Journal)f(ranks)f(states)i(on)e(pri)n(v)n(ac)o (y;)i(California)h(and)e(Minnesota)h(best)f(\(R)f(22)g(32\))1950 1409 y(P\(h/f?\))22 b(BSA)17 b(Accuses)h(OpenOf)n(\002ce)g(ftp)g(sites) g(of)f(pirac)o(y)h(\(R)f(22)g(60-62\))1950 1488 y(SP+)g(Good)g(e)o (xample:)23 b(seriously)c(protected)g(patient)h(data)e(with)g(real)g (deletion)h(\(R)e(22)g(60,62\))1950 1566 y(SHP)f(Ne)n(w)i($40)f (telemark)o(eting)k(tool)d(mak)o(es)g(caller)h(ID)e(f)o(ak)o(ery)h (easy)g(\(R)f(22)g(60\))1950 1645 y(SHP)f(Bogus)i(Hotmail)g(passw)o (ord)g(change)h(page)f(captured)h(120)e(user)g(accounts)i(\(R)e(22)g (57\))1950 1724 y(SHP)f(Information)j(on)e(5)g(million)i(U.S.)c (credit-card)21 b(accounts)e(hack)o(ed)g(\(R)e(22)g(56\))1950 1803 y(SP+)g(eBay)h(Sting)g(locates)h(stolen)f(Fluk)o(e)g(inline)h (netw)o(ork)g(tester)f(\(R)f(22)g(56\))1950 1882 y(SP)f(eBay)j(pri)n(v) n(ac)o(y)g(polic)o(y)g(wide)e(open)h(to)f(in)m(v)o(estigators)j(\(R)d (22)h(59\))1950 1961 y(SP)e(Junk)o(ed)j(hard)e(dri)n(v)o(es)h(yield)h (lots)e(of)g(personal)i(data)f(\(R)f(22)g(50\))1950 2040 y(SP)f(Hong)i(K)n(ong)e(gym)h(pulls)h(plug)g(on)f(camera)h(cell)h (phones)e(\(R)g(22)g(49\))1950 2119 y(SP)f(Alcala)j(Uni)n(v)o(ersity)h (de)n(v)o(eloping)g(electronic)g(system)d(to)h(monitor)g(and)f (remotely)i(control)2010 2197 y(ele)n(v)n(ators)h(o)o(v)o(er)e(the)f (Internet)j(\(R)d(22)g(58\))1950 2276 y(SP)f(Judge)i(suspends)f(W)-5 b(ashington)19 b(State)f(telephone)i(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)f(re)o (gulations;)i(constitutionality?)2010 2355 y(\(R)c(22)g(55\))1950 2434 y(P)g(Scientology)i(critic)h(\002ned)d(under)h(French)g(la)o(w)f (for)g(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)h(\(R)f(22)g(59-60\))1950 2513 y(SP)-6 b(A)16 b(T)-6 b(-Mobile)18 b(Hotspot)g(uses)f(SSN)g(for)g (passphrase)h(\(R)f(22)g(72\))1950 2592 y(SP-)g(Use)f(of)h(satellite)k (cell)d(phones)g(among)f(embedded)i(media)f(folks)f(in)g(Iraq:)22 b(Risks)c(of)f Fi(not)2010 2671 y Fj(being)h(lost!)k(\(R)17 b(22)g(69\))1950 2750 y(SP)f(Cisco')l(s)j(ea)o(v)o(esdropping)g (enables)g(undetectable)i(la)o(wful)e(interception)i(\(R)c(22)g(71\)) 1950 2828 y(SPfh)g(Search)h(engines)h(making)e(sensiti)n(v)o(e)j (information)f(easy)f(to)f(locate)i(\(R)e(22)g(64\))1950 2907 y(SP)f(Benetton)k(clothes)f(to)e(include)i(tracking)g(chip)f(\(R)f (22)g(64\);)h(later)h(rescinded)1950 2986 y(SP)d(Federal)j(pri)n(v)n (ac)o(y)h(rules)d(for)g(medical)i(information)h(\(R)d(22)g(69\);)g (rules)h(let)g(mark)o(eters)h(see)2010 3065 y(sensiti)n(v)o(e)g (patient)h(data)e(\(R)f(22)g(70\))1950 3144 y(SP-)g(Secrec)o(y)h(and)g (the)g(P)o(atriot)g(Act:)k(library)d(records,)f(wire)f(transfer)i (block)o(ed)g(because)g(of)2010 3223 y(spouse')l(s)f(name,)f(la)o(w)g (suits,)g(etc.)22 b(\(Amy)16 b(Goldstein,)j(NYT)-5 b(,)16 b(R)h(22)g(90\))1950 3302 y(Shi)g(193)g(innocent)j(Brits)e(erroneously) h(labelled)h(as)d(criminals)h(due)g(to)f(erroneous)i(records)f(\(R)2010 3381 y(23)f(34\))1950 3459 y(SP)f(Self-referential)22 b(P)o(atriot)d(Act)e(suppression)i(of)d(la)o(w)i(suit)g(against)g(P)o (atriot)h(Act)e(\(R)g(23)g(35\))1950 3538 y(P)g(MIT)f(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)g(pro)o(vides)i(dossiers)e(on)g(go)o(v)o(ernment)i(of)n (\002cials,)g(turning)f(the)g(tables)h(\(R)e(22)2010 3617 y(79\))1950 3696 y(SP)f(QinetiQ)j(\223intelligent\224)j(airplane)e (seat)d(to)h(detect)h(nerv)o(ousness)f(in)f(passengers)h(and)g(alert) 2010 3775 y(airline)h(staf)n(f)f(\(R)f(22)g(78\))1950 3854 y(SP)f(FTC)h(increases)i(focus)e(on)g(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y;)j(serious) e(vulnerability)j(on)c(Guess)g(Inc.)-5 b(')l(s)18 b(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(site)2010 3933 y(re)n(v)o(ealed)k(200,000)d(customer)h (credit-card)j(numbers)c(\(R)g(22)g(79\))1950 4011 y(SP)f(WhereW)-5 b(are)19 b(tracks)f(your)f(location)j(\(R)d(22)g(90\))1950 4090 y(SP)f(W)-5 b(all)18 b(Street)g(trading)h(scandal)g(uses)e (instant)i(messaging)f(e)n(vidence)i(\(R)d(22)g(91\))1950 4169 y(SHPIi)g(V)-7 b(eriSign')l(s)18 b(Site)g(Finder)g(captures)h(all) f(none)o(xistent)i(.com)d(and)g(.net)h(addresses,)f(breaks)2010 4248 y(all)h(sorts)f(of)g(Internet)i(services,)f(causes)g (signi\002cant)i(contro)o(v)o(ersy)f(\(R)e(22)g(91\);)g(V)-7 b(eriSign)2010 4327 y(temporarily)20 b(suspends)d(Site)h(Finger)g(\(R)f (22)g(92\))1950 4406 y(SHA)l(OP)g(Men)g(steal)h(computers)h(from)d (high-security)k(Sydne)o(y)e(Airport)g(f)o(acility)j(\(R)c(22)g(90\)) 1950 4485 y(SP)f(Resold)j(BlackBerry)g(contains)g(sensiti)n(v)o(e)h (Mor)o(gan)d(Stanle)o(y)i(data)f(\(R)f(22)g(88\))1950 4564 y($S)g(BlackBerry)j(patent)e(infringement)i(battle)f(threatens)h (users)d(\(24)g(11\);)h(resolv)o(ed)g(out)g(of)2010 4642 y(court)g(with)g(lar)o(ge)g(settlement!)1950 4721 y(SP)e (Con\002dential)k(hospital)f(records)g(in)e(memory)g(stick)h (\(re\)sold-as-ne)n(w)i(\(R)d(22)g(83\))1950 4800 y(SP)f(Microsoft)j(W) -5 b(ord)17 b(hits)g(T)-5 b(on)o(y)17 b(Blair:)22 b(W)-5 b(eb-posted)19 b(document)f(residues)h(sho)n(ws)e(names)g(of)2010 4879 y(four)g(emplo)o(yees)i(in)m(v)o(olv)o(ed)g(in)f(the)f (plagiarized)k(dossier)d(on)f(Iraq)g(\(R)g(22)g(79,)g(tw)o(o)h(items\)) 1950 4958 y(SPfh)f(NZ)f(Health)j(Commissioner')l(s)f(anon)o(ymised)h (case)e(reports)i(not)e(so)g(anon)o(ymous,)2010 5037 y(including)j(W)-5 b(ord)16 b(residues)i(\(R)f(22)g(81\))1950 5116 y(SP)f(Metadata)k(residues)e(in)g(Photoshop)g(\002les)f(\(R)g(22)g (83,84\))1950 5195 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4406 y(community)g(colle) o(ge)i(child)e(care)g(database)i(on)d(the)g(Internet)i(\(R)e(23)h(18\)) -390 4485 y(SP)e(Federal)j(court)f(rules)g(no)f(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)j(for) d(e-mail)h(passing)g(through)g(ISP)f(serv)o(ers;)-330 4564 y(ea)o(v)o(esdropping)j(okay)d(\(R)g(23)g(44\))-390 4642 y(SP)f(Selling)j(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(b)o(ugs)g(to)g(detect)i(whether)g (e-mail)f(has)f(been)h(read)g(\(R)f(23)g(41,44\))-390 4721 y(SP)f(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)k(and)d(Security)i(Risks)e(in)g(Rampell')l (s)i(E-Mail)f(Surv)o(eillance)j(Service)d(\(R)f(23)g(41,42\))-390 4800 y(SP)-6 b(A)16 b(France)j(T)-5 b(elecom)18 b(v)o(oice)g(mail)g (espionage)h(\(R)e(23)g(41\))-390 4879 y(SP)f(Risks)i(of)f(digital)i (cameras)f(re:)k(prisoner)c(ab)o(use)g(\(R)f(23)g(36\))-390 4958 y(SP)f(Ne)n(w)i(UK)e(dri)n(ving)j(licence)h(puts)d(identity)j(at)d (risk)h(\(R)f(23)g(37-39\))-390 5037 y(SP)f(GA)l(O)h(report)h(on)f (data)i(mining:)j(http://www)l(.gao.go)o(v/ne)n(w)l(.items/d04548.pdf:) 27 b(V)-7 b(erity)-330 5116 y(K2)17 b(Enterprise;)i(*)e(Analyst)h (Notebook)g(I2;)g(P)-6 b(A)f(THFINDER;)16 b(Case)h(Management)j(Data) -330 5195 y(Mart)e(\(R)f(23)g(39,40,42\))-390 5273 y(SPf)g(U.S.)e(plan) j(to)g(allo)n(w)g(Net)g(users)f(in)g(China,)h(Iran)f(to)h(bypass)f (national)j(site)d(blocking,)i(b)o(ut)-330 5352 y(adds)e(k)o(e)o(yw)o (ord)i(blacklists)h(\(R)d(23)g(36\))-390 5431 y(SPm)f(Gas)h(e)o (xplosion)i(creates)g(con\002dential)h(litter)f(\(R)e(23)g(35\))-390 5510 y(SPhi)g(DidThe)o(yReadIt)j(operations)f(and)f(security)h (concerns)f(\(analysis)h(by)e(Rob)g(Slade,)h(R)f(23)-330 5589 y(49\))1950 -90 y(SPf)g(Security)i(ca)o(vities)g(in)e(Bluetooth)j (in)d(mobile)h(phones)g(allo)n(w)g(of)n(\003oading)h(of)e(personal)2010 -11 y(information)i(\(R)e(23)g(48\))1950 68 y($SH)g(eBay)h(sellers)g (\002ned)g(by)f(NY)f(Attorne)o(y)j(General)g(for)e(bidding)h(up)f (prices)h(on)f(online)2010 147 y(auctions:)23 b(\(R)17 b(23)g(59\))1950 226 y(Shi)g(U.S.)f(air)i(tra)o(v)o(el)g(without)h(go)o (v)o(ernment)g(identi\002cation)i(\(tw)o(o)c(sagas,)g(from)g(Dan)g(W)-5 b(allach,)2010 305 y(R)17 b(23)g(50,)g(and)g(Kathy)h(Gill,)f(R)g(23)g (53\))1950 383 y(SP)f(Federal)j(judge)f(strik)o(es)h(do)n(wn)e(part)h (of)f(P)-6 b(A)f(TRIO)m(T)16 b(Act)i(\(R)f(23)g(55\))1950 462 y(SP+)g(Ne)n(w)g(California)j(Online)f(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)g (Protection)g(Act)f(requires)g(posting)h(of)e(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)2010 541 y(policies,)i(ef)n(fecti)n(v)o(e)h(1)d(Jul)g(2004)h(\(R)f(23)g (46\))1950 620 y(SP)f(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)k(concerns)e(o)o(v)o(er)g (Australian)h(e-mail)g(la)o(w)e(that)h(allo)n(ws)h(easy)e(access)h(to) 2010 699 y(information)h(\(R)e(23)g(51\))1950 778 y(SP)f(Social)j (security)g(info)f(breach)g(on)f(Utah)h(State)g(Uni)n(v)o(ersity)i (campus)d(\(R)g(23)g(56\))1950 857 y(SP)f(California)k(schools)e(w)o (arned)h(of)e(identity)i(theft,)f(via)g(lost)f(laptops)i(\(R)e(23)g (52\))1950 936 y($SHP)g(Identity)i(theft:)k(FBI)17 b(b)o(ust)g(\(R)g (23)g(59\))1950 1014 y(SPh)g(Published)h(passw)o(ord)g(opens)g(access)g (to)f(foster)o(-care)i(records)f(in)g(Florida)g(\(R)f(23)g(56\))1950 1093 y(SP)f(Google)j(aids)e(spammers)g(via)h(error)g(pages)f(\(R)g(23)g (45\);)h(Google)g(bot)g(cache)g(is)f(back)h(door)2010 1172 y(for)f(pay-per)o(-vie)n(w)j(information)f(\(R)e(23)g(50\))1950 1251 y(Sf)g(iPod)g(security)i(risk)e(\(R)g(23)g(46\))1950 1330 y(SHf)g(V)-9 b(oIP)17 b(vulnerabilities)k(can)d(lead)h(to)e (compromised)h(Calling)h(Number)e(ID)g(\(R)g(23)g(45\);)2010 1409 y(V)-9 b(oIP)17 b(=)g(V)-9 b(o)o(yeurism)19 b(o)o(v)o(er)e(IP?)h (T)-5 b(apping)17 b(into)h(serv)o(ers)g(and)f(hard)h(dri)n(v)o(es)g (easy)g(\(R)f(23)g(47\))1950 1488 y(SPi)g(Star38.com)h(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site)g(of)n(fers)h(V)-9 b(oIP)18 b(CNID)e(f)o(alsi\002cation) 21 b(service)e(\(R)e(23)g(51\))1950 1566 y(SP)f(Report)j(on)e(security) i(risks)e(of)g(applying)i(CALEA)d(to)h(V)-9 b(oIP)17 b(\(R)g(24)g(32,)g(S)g(31)g(5:20-21\))1950 1645 y(SP)f(U.S.)g(Go)o(v)o (ernment)j(to)e(alter)i(RFID)e(passport)h(re)o(gulations,)h(after)f (complaints)h(from)2010 1724 y(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)g(adv)o(ocates)h(\(R)d (23)g(87\))1950 1803 y(SPfhi)g(REAL)f(ID:)h(planned)i(national)h(ID)d (card)g(is)g(a)g(bad)h(idea,)g(and)f(will)h(mak)o(e)g(things)g(w)o (orse)2010 1882 y(not)f(better:)24 b(analysis)18 b(by)f(Bruce)i (Schneier)g(\(R)e(23)g(87;)g(S)g(30)g(4:30\);)h(More)f(on)g(risks)h(of) 2010 1961 y(REAL)e(ID:)h(tripled)i(fees,)e(longer)i(lines,)e(unfunded)i (mandate)f(\(R)f(23)g(95;)h(S)e(30)h(4:30-31\);)2010 2040 y(discussion)h(\(24)g(02,04\))1950 2119 y(SP)e(What)i(Search)g (Sites)g(Kno)n(w)f(About)h(Y)-7 b(ou)17 b(\(R)g(23)g(87;)g(S)g(30)g (4:32\))1950 2197 y(!SPhi)g(PDF)g(not)g(a)g(good)h(format)f(for)g (redacting)j(classi\002ed)f(documents;)g(black)o(ed)g(out)f(portions) 2010 2276 y(of)f(classi\002ed)i(report)f(on)f(Calipara/Sgrena)k (incident)f(re)n(vi)n(v)o(ed)g(by)d(cut-and-paste)j(\(R)d(23)2010 2355 y(86-88\);)h(another)h(e)o(xample)g(of)d(compromisible)k (redaction)f(\(R)e(24)g(34\))1950 2434 y($SHPhi)g(E*TRADE)f(Complete)j (Security)g(System)e(security)i(problems)f(discussed)g(at)2010 2513 y(considerable)i(length)f(\(R)e(23)g(84-87\))1950 2592 y(SP)f(TSA)h(\002nds)f(data)j(on)e(air)g(passengers)i(lack)o(ed)g (protection)h(\(R)d(23)g(81\);)g(TSA)g(k)o(ept)h(passenger)2010 2671 y(information)h(it)f(promised)g(not)f(to)g(\(R)g(23)g(91\))1950 2750 y(SHPif)g(Ev)o(en)g(some)g(major)g(corporations)j(don')o(t)e (understand)h(domain)f(names:)j(Hertz)2010 2828 y(information)e(can)f (be)f(compromised)h(by)g(bogus)f(domain)h(\(R)f(23)g(82\))1950 2907 y(SHP)f(List)h(of)g(reportedly)j(aggressi)n(v)o(e)f(dri)n(v)o(ers) g(open)e(to)h(misuse)f(\(R)g(23)g(69\))1950 2986 y(SP)f(RFID)h(tagging) i(of)e(Sutter)h(California)i(elementary)g(school)e(children)h(\(R)e(23) g(71\))1950 3065 y(SHP)f(More)i(on)f(risks)g(of)g(national)i(dri)n(v)o (er')l(s)g(license)g(standards)g(and)e(centralized)k(dri)n(v)o(er)2010 3144 y(information,)e(and)e(countermeasures)j(\(R)d(23)g(71\);)h (`Smart')f(dri)n(v)o(er')l(s)i(licenses)g(a)e(T)n(rojan)2010 3223 y(horse?)22 b(\(R)17 b(23)g(72\))1950 3302 y(SP)f(The)h(UK)g(Land) g(Re)o(gistry)i(data)f(no)n(w)f(easy)h(to)f(access)h(\(R)f(23)g(70\)) 1950 3381 y(SP)f(MS)h(W)-5 b(ord)17 b(mar)o(ginal)h(info)g(leak)g(in)f (press)g(release)i(relating)h(to)d(V)l(ioxx)h(risks)f(\(R)g(23)g(71\)) 1950 3459 y(SP)f(GPS)h(used)g(to)g(arrest)i(sno)n(wplo)n(w)f(dri)n(v)o (er)g(\(R)g(23)f(67\);)g(correction)j(and)d(further)i(discussion)2010 3538 y(\(R)e(23)g(80\);)1950 3617 y(*SP)g(DEA)f(agent)i(shoots)g(self)f (while)h(demonstrating)i(gun)d(safety;)i(a)e(year)h(later)g(home)g (video)2010 3696 y(on)f(the)h(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(e)o(xposes)i(the)g(agent!) 23 b(\(R)17 b(23)g(80\))1950 3775 y(SP)f(San)i(Francisco)h(police)f(of) n(\002cer)h(accused)g(of)d(using)i(airport)h(cameras)f(to)f(ogle)h(w)o (omen)g(\(R)2010 3854 y(23)f(85\))1950 3933 y(SP)f(Pentagon)j(hires)f 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h(proposed)g(in)f(Sweden)h(\(R)f(18)g(81\))1950 620 y(SP)f(Swedish)i (narcotics)i(police)e(demand)g(telephone)i(card)e(database)h(\(R)e(19)g (07\))1950 699 y(P)g(Location-tracing)k(service)d(of)f(handy)h(phones)g (starts)g(in)f(T)-5 b(ok)o(yo)17 b(\(R)g(19)g(58\))1950 778 y(SHA)l(O)g(T)-5 b(een)17 b(intercepts)j(MD')l(s)d(pages,)h(mak)o (es)f(medical)i(orders)f(\(R)f(21)g(19\))1950 857 y($SHI)g(Brisbane)i (ISP)d(in)h(court)h(for)g(intercepting)i(e-mail)f(and)e(debiting)j (customer)e(credit)2010 936 y(accounts)h(\(R)e(21)g(89\))1950 1014 y(P)g(Published)h(demonstration)i(photo)e(from)e(Ybor)i(city)g (surv)o(eillance)i(camera)f(recognized)2010 1093 y(deleteriously)i(by)c (e)o(x-wife)h(in)f(T)m(ulsa)h(\(R)f(21)g(59\);)g(Charlotte)j(NC)d(will) h(photograph)h(license)2010 1172 y(plates)g(to)e(analyze)i(free)n(w)o (ay)g(tra)o(v)o(el)g(\(R)e(21)g(60\))1950 1251 y(SP)f(EPIC)h(ur)o(ges)g (colle)o(ges)j(not)d(to)g(monitor)h(peer)o(-to-peer)i(sharing,)e(as)f (requested)i(by)2010 1330 y(recording)g(industry)f(\(R)f(22)g(38\))1950 1409 y(SP)-6 b(AHO)16 b(Ne)n(w)i(Jerse)o(y)f(compan)o(y)h(intercepts)i (pager)e(messages,)f(sells)h(them)f(to)h(media)g(\(S)e(23)2010 1488 y(1:13,)h(R)g(19)g(35\))1950 1566 y(.....)i Fg(Spywar)o(e:)1950 1645 y Fj($SHA)e(South)g(Africa)h(bank)g(Internet)h(sp)o(yw)o(are)g (and)e(fraud)h(\(R)f(22)g(82\))1950 1724 y(SHP)f(T)-5 b(w)o(o)17 b(million)h(scans)g(unco)o(v)o(er)g(55)f(million)i (instances)g(of)e(sp)o(yw)o(are)h(in)g(six-month)2010 1803 y(Sp)o(yAudit)h(\(R)e(23)g(48\))1950 1882 y(SHP)f(Sp)o(yw)o(are)j (epidemic)g(threatens)h(to)d(stall)h(computer)h(industry;)f(MS)f (blames)h(rogue)2010 1961 y(softw)o(are)h(for)e(1/3)g(of)g(application) k(crashes)d(\(R)f(23)g(58\))1950 2040 y(S+)g(Microsoft)i(AntiSp)o(yw)o (are)g(beta)g(-)d(quick)i(re)n(vie)n(w)h(by)e(Rob)h(Slade)g(\(R)f(23)g (66\))1950 2119 y(SHP)f(Surv)o(e)o(y)i(results:)23 b(Most)17 b(dangerous)h(types)g(of)f(sp)o(yw)o(are)i(increasing)g(\(R)e(23)g (70\))1950 2197 y(SHP)f(Florida)j(court)f(rules)g(wife)f(brok)o(e)i(la) o(w)e(in)g(using)h(sp)o(yw)o(are)g(to)g(secretly)h(monitor)f(her)2010 2276 y(husband')l(s)g(computer)h(\(R)e(23)g(72\))1950 2355 y(SHP\(+/-\))h(U)e(of)h(Calgary)i(adding)f(spam)f(and)g(sp)o(yw)o (are)i(to)e(its)h(curriculum)h(\(R)e(23)g(70,71\))1950 2434 y(SHP)f(Microsoft')l(s)j(Anti)n(virus)g(and)f(antiSp)o(yw)o(are)i (softw)o(are)f(\(R)e(23)g(79\))1950 2513 y(SH)f(Sp)o(yw)o(are)j (increasing:)24 b(8by)17 b(screening)j(service)e(\(R)f(23)g(95\))1950 2592 y(SPf)g(Mark)o(etScore)j(sp)o(yw)o(are)e(product)h(e)o(xploit)g (and)e(other)h(concerns)h(\(R)e(23)g(88,89\))1950 2671 y(SPHi)g(Ho)n(w)g(MS)g(sp)o(yw)o(are)h(could)g(be)g(used)f(by)g(hack)o (ers)i(to)e(disable)i(systems)e(\(R)g(24)g(32,)f(S)h(31)2010 2750 y(5:20\))1950 2828 y(.....)i Fg(Accidental)g(data)e(disclosur)o (es)h(and)f(Intentional)h(data)f(mining:)1950 2907 y Fj(F)o(or)g(further)h(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)i(violations)f(relating)h(to)d (accidental)k(release)e(of)e(information,)i(see)e(some)2010 2986 y(of)g(the)h(`SP')e(descriptor)k(entries)e(in)g(the)f(subsection)i (on)e(Incomplete)j(deletions)f(and)f(other)2010 3065 y(security)h(residues,)f(to)n(w)o(ard)g(the)g(end)g(of)f(the)g (Security)i(section)g(abo)o(v)o(e.)1950 3144 y(HSPO)d(Ne)n(wt)i (Gingrich')l(s)h(teleconference)j(compromised)c(by)f(cell)i(phone)f (\(R)f(18)g(75,76;)g(S)g(22)2010 3223 y(4:30-31\))1950 3302 y(SHP)f(Qualcomm)i(CEO')l(s)f(laptop)i(v)n(anishes,)f(containing)i (corporate)f(secrets)g(\(R)e(21)g(05;)g(S)g(26)2010 3381 y(1:28\))1950 3459 y(SPfh)g(France)h(T)-5 b(elecom)18 b(inadv)o(ertent)j(disclosure)e(blamed)f(on)f(computer)h(error)m(,)g (actually)i(MS)2010 3538 y(Of)n(\002ce)e(history:)k(risks)c(of)e (e-mail)j(compounded)f(with)g(the)2010 3617 y (notes/comments/change-trac)q(ki)q(ng)23 b(features)18 b(\(R)f(21)g(65\);)h(see)g(also)f(article)j(by)d(Gene)2010 3696 y(Spaf)n(ford)h(on)f(protecting)j(information,)f(in)e(Computing)i 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(32)g(1\))1950 4564 y(.....)i Fg(Other)e(pri)o(v)o(acy)i(violations:) 1950 4642 y Fj(F)o(or)e(further)h(pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)i(violations)f (relating)h(to)d(intentional)k(misuse)c(of)g(information,)i(see)e(some) 2010 4721 y(of)g(the)h(`SHP')e(descriptor)k(entries)e(in)f(the)h (subsection)h(on)e(Penetrations)j(and)e(misuse)f(in)g(the)2010 4800 y(Security)i(section)g(abo)o(v)o(e.)1950 4879 y(S?h?+?)k(Contro)o (v)o(ersy)c(surrounding)f Fi(Dallas)g(Morning)g(Ne)o(ws)g Fj(posting)g(ne)n(ws)f(of)g(alle)o(ged)2010 4958 y(T)n(imothy)g(McV)-7 b(eigh)18 b(\223confession\224)h(on)f(their)g(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(site.)k(Item)c(obtained)j(via)d(computer)2010 5037 y(breakin?)23 b(Early)18 b(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(posting)j(to)e(sta)o(v)o(e)h (of)n(f)f(injunction?)25 b(\(R)17 b(18)g(85\))g(Bogus)g(memo)2010 5116 y(alle)o(gedly)j(planted)f(in)f(attempt)g(to)g(trap)g(a)f (witness?)1950 5195 y(Phi)g(Risks)g(of)g(errors)h(in)f(Calif)i(Me)o (gan')l(s)f(La)o(w)e(CD)h(of)g(se)o(x)g(of)n(fenders)i(\(R)e(19)g(25\)) 1950 5273 y($SHP)g(Crack)o(ers)i(access)f(Uni)n(v)o(ersity)h(of)e(T)-5 b(e)o(xas)18 b(database,)h(accessing)g(o)o(v)o(er)e(50,000)2010 5352 y(SSN/name)h(pairs)f(\(R)g(22)g(62\))1950 5431 y(P)g(Discussion)h (of)f(White)n(w)o(ater)j(File)o(gate)f(security/pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)j (issues)17 b(in)m(v)o(olving)j(FBI,)c(Secret)2010 5510 y(Service,)i(White)g(House)g(\(R)f(18)g(21\))1950 5589 y(S)g(GA)l(O)f(criticizes)21 b(White)d(House)f(for)g(inadequate)j (database)g(controls)e(\(S)f(22)g(1:19\))1908 5896 y Fk(52)p eop end %%Page: 53 53 TeXDict begin 53 52 bop -390 -90 a Fj(SH)16 b(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)k(risks) d(in)g(telephone)j(compan)o(y)e(v)o(oice-mail)h(archi)n(v)o(es)h(\(S)c (16)h(3\))-390 -11 y(SPH)f(Ci)n(vil)j(liberties)h(issues)d(in)g (National)j(Crime)d(Information)i(Center)g(\(S)e(14)g(2\))-390 68 y(SP)f(Calif.)22 b(to)c(permit)g(prisoner)g(access)g(to)g (con\002dential)i(dri)n(v)o(ers')e(records?)23 b(\(S)16 b(14)h(2\))-390 147 y(SHI)g(Database)i(misuse)e(by)g(11)g(prison)g 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y(response,)e(CompuServ)o(e)g (disabled)h(some)e(ne)n(wsgroups)h(\(R)f(17)g(59,61,62\))-390 5037 y(SPH)f(NY)h(Met')l(s)g(1986)h(W)-5 b(orld)17 b(Series)g(parade:) 23 b(brok)o(erage)d(printout)e(augments)g(tick)o(er)o(-tape)j(\(S)-330 5116 y(12)c(1\))-390 5195 y(SP)f(Ne)n(w)i(Y)-7 b(ork)17 b(Y)-7 b(ank)o(ee)19 b(1996)e(W)-5 b(orld)17 b(Series)h(parade;)h(in)e (absence)i(of)e(stock-mark)o(et)j(tick)o(er)-330 5273 y(tape,)e(con\002dential)i(records)e(from)f(NYC)g(Housing)g(Authority)i (and)f(Dept)g(of)e(Social)-330 5352 y(Services)j(rained)f(do)n(wn)g (\(R)f(18)g(55\))-390 5431 y(SP)f(San)i(Die)o(go)g(School)g(payroll)g (printouts)h(appear)g(as)e(Xmas)f(gift-wrap)j(\(S)e(12)g(2\))-390 5510 y(SP)f(Public)j(pleasure-boat)h(database)f(could)g(help)f(thie)n (v)o(es)h(\(S)d(14)h(5\))-390 5589 y(SP)f(Baby-monitor)k(system)d(b)o (ugs)g(house,)g(broadcasts)i(to)e(neighborhood)j(\(S)c(13)h(1\))1950 -90 y(?)k(P)o(ay-per)o(-vie)n(w)e(f)o(ailure)h(lets)e(adult)g(station)h (go)e(unscrambled)i(\(S)d(19)h(3:8\))1950 -11 y(h/f?)22 b(Free)17 b(porn-in-the-morn)j(hits)e(San)f(Francisco)i(cable)g (channel)g(due)e(to)h(early)g(scrambler)2010 68 y(time-out)h(\(R)e(19)g (60\))1950 147 y(f)g(Norwe)o(gian)h(class)g(gets)g(porno)f(image)h (because)h(of)e(cache)i(problem)f(\(R)f(19)g(48\))1950 226 y(i)g(Rec)o(ycled)j(URL)c(leads)i(to)g(porn)f(site)h(\(R)f(19)g (47\))1950 305 y(-)g(User)o(-friendly)i(Netscape)g(transforms)e (placeholder)k(xxxx.htm)c(in)h(a)f(de)n(v)o(eloping)j(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(site)2010 383 y(into)i(URL)e(www)l(.xxxx.com)h(for)g(porno)h (site)f(\(R)g(19)g(54\))1950 462 y(H)g(W)-5 b(orld)17 b(W)m(ide)g(W)-5 b(ar)17 b(on)g(W)-5 b(onderland)19 b(Club)e(of)g (child)i(pornographers)g(\(R)e(19)g(94\))1950 541 y(?)k(\223MP3\224)d (second-most-searched-for)j(string)d(\(popular)h(compression)f(program) g(with)f(no)2010 620 y(anti-pirac)o(y)j(protection\))g(after)f(\223se)o (x\224)f(\(R)f(19)g(95\);)g(meta)h(tags)g(\(R)f(19)g(96-97,)g(20)g (01\))g(used)g(to)2010 699 y(force)h(search-engine)i(hits,)e(although)h (that)f(situation)h(may)e(be)h(impro)o(ving)g(\(R)f(20)g(02\))1950 778 y(SPH)f(T)-5 b(eenage)19 b(radio)f(hams)f(detect)i(collusion)h(in)d (Los)f(Angeles)i(in)g(1911)f(\(S)g(18)g(3:A11\))1950 857 y(S)g(W)m(illiam)h(Gibson')l(s)g(Book)g(of)e(the)i(Dead)g (supposedly)g(on)f(uncop)o(yable)k(disk)o(ette!)i(\(S)17 b(17)g(3\))1950 936 y(@*)g(CA)g(noti\002es)h(licensee)i(before)e (responding)h(to)e(data)h(requests)g(\(S)f(14)g(6\))1950 1014 y(.....)i Fg(Other)e(items)h(on)e(pri)o(v)o(acy)k(and)c(r)o (elated)j(rights:)1950 1093 y Fj(SP)d(Risks)i(of)f(re)n(v)o(erse)h (telephone)i(directories)g(\(R)d(19)g(62\))1950 1172 y(SP)f(Risks)i(of)f(proposed)h(uni)n(v)o(ersal)h(CV)e(database)i(for)e (e)n(v)o(eryone)j(in)d(the)h(UK)e(\(R)h(19)g(67\))1950 1251 y(P)g(Le)o(xis-Ne)o(xis)h(archi)n(v)o(es)h(don')o(t)f(match)g (print)g(v)o(ersions;)g(near)o(-la)o(wsuit)i(o)o(v)o(er)d(f)o(alse)2010 1330 y(information)i(\(R)e(19)g(67\))1950 1409 y(SP)f(On-line)j (confession)g(in)e(Poland)h(\(R)f(19)g(70-71\))1950 1488 y(SP)f(Idaho)i(State)h(rules)e(Boise)h(city)h(e-mail)f(subject)h(to)e (FOIA)f(\(R)h(19)h(63\))1950 1566 y(SP)e(Clandestin)o(y?)24 b(Intuit)18 b(T)m(urboT)-5 b(ax)16 b(clandestinely)21 b(uploading)d(INTUPR)m(OF)-5 b(.INI?)16 b(\(R)h(19)f(71\);)2010 1645 y(Softw)o(are)j(clandestinely)i(uploading)e(names)e(and)h(e-mail)g (addresses:)23 b(Blizzard')l(s)d(Starcraft,)2010 1724 y(and)e(V)l(ir)o(gin')l(s)g(Subspace)g(\(R)f(19)g(70\))1950 1803 y(f)g(T)m(urboT)-5 b(ax)17 b(potential)j(o)o(v)o(erstatement)g(of) d(gross)g(income)h(\(R)f(21)g(26\))1950 1882 y(SHP)f(Proposal)i(to)g (mak)o(e)g(f)o(ak)o(e)g(IDs)f(a)g(federal)i(of)n(fense)f(\(R)f(19)g (85\))1950 1961 y(SP)f(Risks)i(of)f(Federal)h(healthcare)j(insurance)e (database)g(re)o(gulation)h(\(R)d(19)g(88\))1950 2040 y(P-)g(Ne)n(w)g(Swedish)h(personal)g(information)i(handling)f(la)o(w)e (mak)o(es)h(most)f(of)f(the)i(Internet)h(ille)o(gal)2010 2119 y(\(R)e(20)g(05\))1950 2197 y(P)g(FTC)f(char)o(ges)i(Geocities)i (with)d(misleading)i(customers,)f(selling)h(pri)n(v)n(ate)g(info)f (without)2010 2276 y(permission;)h(Engage)e(system)g(to)g(track)i(indi) n(vidual)h(Net)e(usage)f(\(R)g(19)h(92\))1950 2355 y($P)f(Nanc)o(y)h(K) n(errigan)g(settles)h(X-rated)f(la)o(wsuit)h(o)o(v)o(er)f(f)o(ak)o(ed)g (porno)g(images)g(\(R)f(19)g(97\))1950 2434 y(SPH)f(Social)j(Security)g (claims)f(agent)h(tak)o(es)f(re)n(v)o(enge)h(on)e(w)o(oman)h(by)f (entering)i(her)e(death)i(date)2010 2513 y(in)e(SSA)g(database)i(\(R)e (20)g(01\))1950 2592 y(SP)f(Security)j(risks)e(delay)i(online)g(re)o (gistration)h(system)d(at)g(U.V)-7 b(a.)20 b(\(R)d(20)g(09\))1950 2671 y(SP)f(Discussion)j(of)d(Northwest)j(frequent-\003yer)h(database)f (pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)g(and)f(inte)o(grity)i(\(R)d(20)2010 2750 y(12-13\))1950 2828 y(P)e(Supreme)i(Court)f(rules)h(against)g (softw)o(are)g(\002lters)f(for)g(se)o(xually)i(e)o(xplicit)g(materials) g(\(R)e(20)f(10\))1950 2907 y(P)i(Swedes)g(outla)o(w)h(naming)g(an)g 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(mask)d(used)i(to)f(guess)g(test)h(answers)g(\(S)e(16)h(3\))1950 3696 y(+-)g(Joe)g(Klein')l(s)i(computer)o(-detected)i(authorship)e(of)e (Primary)h(Colors)g(\(S)e(21)h(4:14\))h(con\002rmed)2010 3775 y(by)f(handwriting)j(analysis)e(of)f(typescript)j(annotations,)f (then)f(\002nally)g(ackno)n(wledged)j(by)2010 3854 y(publisher!)i(\(R) 17 b(18)g(26,27\))2010 4066 y Fl(1.28)99 b(Spamming,)25 b(Phishing,)g(J)o(unkmail,)g(and)g(Related)2284 4183 y(Annoyances:)2010 4306 y Fj(.....)19 b Fg(Spam:)1950 4385 y Fj(-)e(Maryland)i(attempting)g(to)f(outla)o(w)g(`anno)o(ying')h (and)f(`embarrassing')h(e-mail)f(\(R)f(18)g(81\))1950 4464 y(-)g(Ne)n(v)n(ada)i(contemplating)h(outla)o(wing)g(unsolicited)g (junk)e(e-mail)g(\(R)f(18)g(87\))1950 4543 y(SHO)n(A)f(V)l(ine)o (yard.NET)i(used)f(as)g(spam)g(conduit)h(for)g(66,000)f(messages)g(\(R) g(18)g(79\))1950 4622 y(SHO)n(A)f(More)i(risks)f(relating)i(to)e (spamming)h(and)f(spam)g(block)o(ers)i(\(R)e(19)g(02,05,10,13\);)h(le)o (gal)2010 4701 y(implications)i(\(R)d(19)g(10\))1950 4780 y(SPf)g(Ov)o(erzealous)i(spam)e(blocking)i(\(R)e(20)g(49\),)g(and) g(IMRSS)g(\(R)g(20)g(51-53\);)h(deli)n(v)o(ery)i(of)2010 4858 y(RISKS-21.44)d(block)o(ed)j(by)d(o)o(v)o(erzealous)i(Melissa)g (detector)g(at)f(health.go)o(v)l(.au)h(\(R)e(20)g(45\);)2010 4937 y(e)n(v)o(en)h(more)f(o)o(v)o(erzealousness)k(\(R)c(21)g(89\))1950 5016 y(SP)f(Porn)i(spammers)e(send)i(c)o(yber)o(greeting)i(with)e (hidden)g(URL)f(\(R)g(20)g(77\))1950 5095 y(SH)f(F)-5 b(AX)17 b(Attacks)i(\226)d(risks)h(of)g(junkmail)i(spamming)e (saturation)j(\(S)d(14)g(1\))1950 5174 y(+/-?)22 b(Discussion)c(of)f (whether)i(U.S.)c(Code)j(T)n(itle)g(47,)f(Section)h(227)g(applies)g(to) g(spam)e(\(R)i(19)2010 5253 y(33-36,42,44\))1950 5332 y(SHf)f(Risks)g(of)g(reading)i(T)n(rojan-horsed)f(spam)f(mail)h(\(R)f (19)g(49,50\))g(and)g(accidentally)22 b(clicking)2010 5411 y(on)17 b(w)o(allpaper)j(icon)e(\(R)f(19)g(46\))1950 5489 y(SHA)l(O)g(Spammer)g(Craig)h(No)n(w)o(ak)g(used)g(T)n(race)o(y)f (LeQue)o(y)h(P)o(ark)o(er')l(s)g Fi(fr)m(om:)k Fj(address;)c(she)2010 5568 y(recei)n(v)o(ed)i(5,000)d(bounces,)h(and)f(sued)h(\226)e(along)j (with)e(EFF)f(and)i(T)-5 b(e)o(xas)17 b(ISPs)g(Assoc.)j(\(R)d(19)2010 5647 y(19,20\);)h(T)n(ra)o(vis)e(County)i(court)h(\002nes)e(Craig)h(No) n(w)o(ak)g($19,000)f(for)g(his)h(spam)e(acti)n(vities)21 b(\(R)1908 5896 y Fk(53)p eop end %%Page: 54 54 TeXDict begin 54 53 bop -330 -90 a Fj(19)17 b(46\))-390 -11 y(SHi)g(MCI)g(Mail)h(spam)f(block)o(er)i(and)f(account-name)i (changes)e(may)f(mak)o(e)h(things)g(w)o(orse)g(\(R)-330 68 y(19)f(53\);)h(further)g(risks)f(of)g(o)o(v)o(erzealous)j(anti-spam) e(measures)g(\(R)f(19)g(55\))-390 147 y(SHO)f(Spammers)h(blackmail)j(A) l(OL,)c(threaten)k(release)f(of)d(1M)h(addresses)h(\(R)f(19)g(53\))-390 226 y(Shf)g(More)g(NSI)g(w)o(oes;)h(spamming)f(its)h(o)n(wn)f (customers)h(with)f(weak)h(passw)o(ord)g(scheme)g(\(R)f(20)-330 305 y(58-59\))-390 383 y(S)g(Spam)f(causes)i(major)g(ISP)f(delay)h(in)f 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y(16,17,21\);)h(Anti-spam)g(bills)g(in)f(U.S.)f(House)h(and)g(Senate)i (\(R)e(19)g(18,21\);)-390 1172 y(S)g(Spam)f(\002ltering)j(\(R)e(19)g (24\))-390 1251 y(SH)f(Spams)h(and)h(associated)h(risks)e(\(R)g(19)g (25,27,31-34\);)i(la)o(ws)e(\(R)g(19)g(35-36\);)h($125)g(million)-330 1330 y(la)o(wsuit)g(to)g(stop)f(striptease)j(adv)o(ertising)f(via)f (Strong)g(Capital)h(Management)h(\(R)d(19)g(27\);)-330 1409 y(He)n(wlett-P)o(ackard)k(scanner)e(spam)e(\(R)g(19)g(38\);)g(P)o (aci\002c)i(Bell)f(Internet)h(spammed)e(with)-330 1488 y(for)o(ged)h(QueerNet)h(address,)e(causing)h(P)o(ac*Bell)i(to)d (misdirect)i(its)e(retaliation)k(\(R)c(19)g(44\);)-330 1566 y(Samsung)g(spam)g(and)g(re)n(v)o(erse-spam)i(\(R)f(19)f(32,33\)) -390 1645 y(SH)f(Spam)h(continues)j(to)d(increase:)23 b(300\045)18 b(from)f(2001)g(to)g(2002)h(\(R)f(22)g(51,)g(S)f(28)h (3:7\))-390 1724 y(SP)f(SP)-6 b(AMMING:)17 b(6100)h(Cornell)h(Uni)n(v)o (ersity)g(students)f(spammed)f(with)h(entire)h(list)f(in)f(T)o(O:)-330 1803 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b(AM:)17 b(Earthlink)h(a)o(w)o(arded)h($16M) f(in)f Fi(spama)o(g)o(es)h Fj(\(R)f(22)g(73\);)h(EarthLink)-330 2592 y(sues)f(to)g(stop)h(Alabama)g(and)f(V)-7 b(ancouv)o(er)19 b(spammers)e(\(R)g(22)g(89\);)h(California)i(court)e(rules)-330 2671 y(against)g(Intel)h(in)e(spam)g(case)h(\(R)f(22)g(81\);)g(ho)n(w)h (about)g(refusing)g(to)f(accept)j(e-mail?)i(\(R)17 b(22)-330 2750 y(74\);)h(spam)e(blocking)j(and)f('challenge-response')k(cures)c (may)f(be)g(w)o(orse)g(than)h(the)g(spam)-330 2828 y(problem)g(\(R)f (22)g(74,76\);)h(more)f(risks)g(of)g(spam)g(\002lters)g(\(R)g(22)g (78\);)h(A)l(OL)f(blocking)i(e-mail)-330 2907 y(from)e(other)h(ISPs)e (\(R)h(22)g(81\);)h(easynet.nl)h(is)e(causing)h(serious)g(e-mail)g (disruption)h(with)f(its)-330 2986 y(o)o(v)o(erzealous)i(blacklist)g (\(R)d(22)g(86\);)g(another)i(credit-card)h(scam)d(spam)g(\(R)g(22)g (82\);)h(Who)-330 3065 y(pro\002ts)f(from)g(spam?)k(Surprise!)h(\(R)17 b(22)g(84\);)h(spam)f(for)g(ne)n(w)h(Jamie)f(Oli)n(v)o(er)i(cookbook) -330 3144 y(contains)g(121-page)g(MS)d(W)-5 b(ord)17 b(document,)h(with)g(\002ctitious)h(title,)f(Nak)o(ed)h(Chef)e(2)g(\(R) g(22)-330 3223 y(82\);)h(Why)e(are)i(spammers)f(backing)h(spam-control) i(la)o(ws?)h(\(R)c(22)g(81\))-390 3302 y(SH)f(V)l(iruses,)i(spam,)e (phishing,)i(etc.:)k(Long-disused)c(address)g(hit)g(by)f(spam)g(attack) i(\(R)e(23)g(13\);)-330 3381 y(MyDoom)g(virus)g(infects)i(PCs,)d (whacks)i(SCO)f(\(R)g(23)g(14,17,18\);)h(other)g(MyDoom)f(ef)n(fects) -330 3459 y(\(R)g(23)g(15\);)h(passw)o(ord-protected)j(viruses)c(\(R)g (23)h(25,28\);)f(US-CER)l(T)g(w)o(arns)g(of)g(w)o(orm,)-330 3538 y(for)o(gets)h(to)f(mention)h(operating)i(system)d(\(R)g(23)g (15\);)h(AP)e(blames)i(viruses)g(on)f(users)g(\(R)g(23)-330 3617 y(15\);)h(nasty)f(competition)j(among)e(Bagle,)g(Netsk)o(y)l(,)f (MyDoom)g(virus)g(authors)h(\(R)f(23)g(25\);)-330 3696 y(DoomJuice)h(\(R)f(23)g(18\);)h(Sober)l(.D)f(w)o(orm)g(masquerades)i (as)e(Microsoft)h(update)h(\(R)e(23)g(26\);)-330 3775 y(FDIC)g(phishing)h(attempt)h(\(R)e(23)g(16,17\);)h(SSL)e(is)h(being)h (se)n(v)o(erely)h(stressed)f(by)f(phishing)-330 3854 y(e)o(xpeditions)j(\(R)d(23)g(27,28\);)h(Defeating)h(phishing)f(scams)f (with)h(SPF)e(=)h(Senders)h(Permitted)-330 3933 y(From)f(\(R)g(23)g (16\);)g(more)g(on)g(SPF)-5 b(,)16 b(pro)h(and)h(con)f(\(R)g(23)g (17,18,21,23,27\))g(and)h(SRS)f(=)-330 4011 y(Sender)h(Re)n(writing)i (Scheme)e(\(R)f(23)g(21\))g(More)g(risks)g(of)g(virus)h(scanners)g(\(R) f(23)g(15,17,18\))-330 4090 y(and)h(spam)e(\002lters,)i(with)g(spam)e (no)n(w)i(o)o(v)o(er)f(50\045)h(of)f(all)h(e-mail)g(\(R)f(23)g (19,22,24\);)h(anti-spam)-330 4169 y(la)o(wsuits)g(\(R)f(23)g(28\);)h (risks)f(of)g(remo)o(ving)h(cryptographic)j(signatures)e(as)d (attachments)k(\(R)-330 4248 y(23)d(28\);)h Fi(captc)o(ha)p Fj(s)g(\(R)f(23)g(17,19,20\);)h(Beagle)h(virus)f(scam)f(asks)g(for)g (response)h(because)-330 4327 y(your)f(mail)h(system)f(will)h(be)f(do)n 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g(inspire)h("Special)h(F)o(orces)f(Commando")g(in)-330 5116 y(Afghanistan)h(who)e(w)o(ants)h(to)f(share)h($36)f(million)i(in)e (drug)h(mone)o(y)f(\(R)g(22)g(09\))-390 5195 y(!S)g(Nigerian)i(consul)f (in)f(Prague)h(slain)g(by)f(spam)g(scam)g(victim)h(\(R)f(22)g(59\);)h (ne)n(w)g(scam)-330 5273 y(in)m(v)o(olv)o(es)h(alle)o(gedly)h (frightened)f(Iraqis)f(trying)g(to)g(mo)o(v)o(e)f(mone)o(y)g(\(R)g(22)g (62\))-390 5352 y(SH)f(Internet)k(spam)c(mogul)i(Alan)g(Ralsk)o(y)g (can')o(t)g(tak)o(e)g(what)g(he)f(dishes)h(out)g(\(R)f(22)g(43\))-390 5431 y(SH)f(More)i(spam)f(tricks)h(at)f(hotmail)i(\(R)e(22)g(20,21\);)h (ne)n(w)f(spammer)g(trick)i(using)e(for)o(ged)-330 5510 y(recei)n(v)o(ed)j(header)f(\(R)e(22)g(39\))-390 5589 y($)g(FEC)f(OK')l(s)h(SMS)g(spam)f(without)j(saying)f(who)f(paid)h(for) f(it)g(\(R)g(22)h(22\))1950 -90 y(e\002)f(In)m(visible)i(ISP)d(spam)h (separator)i(gi)n(v)o(es)f(\223mailbox)h(full\224)f(for)f(seemingly)h (empty)f(mailbox)i(\(R)2010 -11 y(22)e(42\))1950 68 y(Sf)g(The)g (pinnacle)i(of)e(chutzpah)i(in)f(spam)f(\002ltering)h(by)g(ISP:)f(ISP)f (rejects)j(complaints!)k(\(R)17 b(22)2010 147 y(24,26\))1950 226 y(SH)f(Ho)n(w)i(to)f(spam)g(a)g(closed)h(mailing)h(list)e(\(R)g(22) g(60\))1950 305 y(S$)g(Alle)o(gedly)i(disgruntled)h(NetGaming)e(Casino) g(e)o(x-de)n(v)o(eloper)j(posts)c(spam)g(of)g(w)o(ould-be)2010 383 y(attack)i(\(R)e(22)g(59\))1950 462 y(S\002)f(Spam)h(\002ltering)i (stops)e(the)h(democratic)i(process)e(in)f(P)o(arliament,)i(blocking)g (distrib)o(ution)h(of)2010 541 y(Se)o(xual)e(Of)n(fences)h(Bill,)f (paper)g(on)f(censorship,)h(etc.)k(\(R)17 b(22)g(54\))1950 620 y(SH$)g(Microsoft)h(sues)f(b)o(ulk)h(e-mailers)g(o)o(v)o(er)g(spam) f(to)g(harv)o(ested)i(Hotmail)f(users)g(\(R)f(22)g(58\))1950 699 y(SHO)f(Spammers)h(use)h(viruses)f(to)h(hijack)h(computers)f(\(R)f (22)g(71\))1950 778 y(SP)f(Anti-spam)i(le)o(gislation)j(passed)d(in)f (the)h(House)f(\(R)g(20)g(95\))1950 857 y(SP)f(Google)j(allo)n(ws)f (anon)o(ymous)g(spam)f(\(R)g(20)g(95\))1950 936 y(.....)i Fg(Phishing)e(Attacks:)1950 1014 y Fj($S)g(Phishing)h(scams:)j (Phishees)d(include)h(Barclays)g(\(R)e(23)g(33-34\),)h(Australia/NZ)h (Banking)2010 1093 y(Group)e(\(R)g(23)g(34\);)h(Cooperati)n(v)o(e)j (Bank)c(\(R)g(23)g(37\);)h(more)f(\(R)g(23)g(39\);)h(Barclays)h(also) 2010 1172 y(victim)f(of)f(data)i(robbery)f(\(R)f(23)g(44\))1950 1251 y($SHP)g(Phishing:)22 b(CitiBank)e(assists)d(scammers)g(\(R)g(23)g (46\);)h(CitiBank)h(fraud/Phishing)2010 1330 y(hotline)g(address)f (emailspoof@citibank.com)k(blocks)c(e-mail!)k(\(R)17 b(23)g(55\);)h(CitiBank)2010 1409 y(spoof:)k(Please)c(con\002rm)f(your) h(account)h(\(R)e(23)g(57\))1950 1488 y($SH)g(Increasing)i (sophistication)i(of)16 b(phishing)j(spammers,)d(discussion)j(with)e (Dan)h(W)-5 b(allach)2010 1566 y(and)18 b(others)f(\(R)g(23)g(60,62\);) h(A)m(CM)f(message)h(looks)g(lik)o(e)g(Phishing)g(\(R)f(23)g(62\);)h (eBay)g(open)2010 1645 y(in)m(vitation)j(to)c(phishing)h(scammers)f (\(R)h(23)f(66,68\))1950 1724 y(SH$)g(Hundreds)h(of)e(thousands)j(of)e (V)l(isa)g(customers)h(hit)g(by)f(phishing)h(e)o(xpedition)i(seemingly) 2010 1803 y(from)d(Bank)h(of)e(England;)j(at)e(least)i(5\045)e (victimized?)24 b(e-mail)19 b(scams)e(rise)g(by)g(400\045)h(\(R)f(23) 2010 1882 y(11,)g(correction)i(in)f(R)f(23)g(12\))1950 1961 y($SH)g(J.K.)e(Ro)n(wling)k(denounces)g(Internet)g(phishing)g (fraudsters;)g(or)o(ganized)f(crime)g(gangs)g(in)2010 2040 y(Eastern)g(Europe?)k(\(R)17 b(23)g(70\))1950 2119 y(SHf)g(P)o(ayment)h(via)f(MSN)g(and)g(viruses)h(in)g(MSN)e(\(and)i (other\))g(chat)g(programs;)g(phishing)2010 2197 y(risks!)j(\(R)c(23)g (79\))1950 2276 y($SH)g(Y)-7 b(et)18 b(another)g(phishing)h(scam,)d (aimed)i(at)g(P)o(ayP)o(al)g(\(R)f(23)g(83\))1950 2355 y(SP)f(Fighting)j(spam:)i(raise)d(the)g(bridge)h(or)d(lo)n(wer)j(the)e (w)o(ater?)23 b(Authentication)f(instead)c(of)2010 2434 y(\002lters,)g(other)g(approaches,)h(la)o(ws?)i(\(R)c(22)g(92,93\);)h (Senate)h(Can)e(Spam)g(bill)h(\(R)f(22)g(97,)g(23)2010 2513 y(12\))1950 2592 y($SHP)g(\223Can)h(Spam)f(Act\224)h(seems)f(to)g (be)g(no-can-do;)i(spam)e(still)i(80\045)e(of)g(all)h(e-mail)g(\(R)f (23)g(69\))1950 2671 y(SHP)f(Spammers)h(try)h(a)f(ne)n(w)h(tack:)k (routing)d(through)f(ISPs)e(\(R)h(23)g(70\))1950 2750 y(h)g(Spam-block)o(er)i(blamed)f(for)g(missed)f(court)h(date)g(in)f (wrongful-death)j(suit)e(\(R)f(23)g(75-77\))1950 2828 y(SPH)f(Instant)j(messenger)f(spam)f(\(\223SPIM\224\))g(ready)i(to)e(e) o(xplode?)23 b(\(R)17 b(23)g(11\);)h(more)f(on)g(SPIM)2010 2907 y(\(R)g(23)g(38,41\))1950 2986 y(SHP)f(1/3)i(of)f(instant)i (messaging)f(is)e(SPIM)h(\(unsolicited)j(IM\);)e(\002rst)f(arrest)h(of) f(a)g(SPIMmer)g(\(R)2010 3065 y(23)g(75\))1950 3144 y(Sh)g(F)o(oolish)h (wireless)g(netw)o(ork)h(access)f(policies)h(pro)o(vides)f(safe)g (harbor)g(for)f(spam,)f(etc.)22 b(\(R)17 b(21)2010 3223 y(39,41\))1950 3302 y(S-)g(Utterly)h(amazing)h(spam/scam)f(of)n(fers)g (heroin,)g(\223T)-5 b(omoha)o(wk\224)17 b([sic])h(missiles,)f(cocaine,) 2010 3381 y(\(se)o(x\))g(sla)o(v)o(es,)h(counterfeit)i(currenc)o(y)l(,) e(and)g(child)g(pornography)1950 3459 y(S)f(F)-5 b(AA.go)o(v)16 b(spam)h(relay)h(\(R)f(21)h(73\))1950 3538 y(Sh)f(Human)g(error)h (leads)g(to)f(A)-7 b(T&T)15 b(anti-spam)j(gaf)n(fe)g(\(R)g(23)f(04;)g (S)g(29)g(2:14\))1950 3617 y(S\002)f(Apple)i(Computer')l(s)h(hidden)f (spam-\002ltering)i(on)d(POP3/IMAP)g(mac.com)g(addresses)h(\(R)2010 3696 y(22)f(07\))1950 3775 y(SH)f(Use)h(of)g(unclaimed)j(British)e (bank)g(W)-5 b(eb)16 b(site)i(by)f(W)-5 b(est)17 b(African)i(spam)d (scammers)i(cons)2010 3854 y(victims)g(\(R)f(22)g(34\);)h(P)o(aypal)g (scams)f(\(R)g(22)g(34,43\);)h(phishing)g(on)f(A)l(OL)g(for)g(passw)o (ords)g(and)2010 3933 y(credit-card)j(numbers)e(\(R)f(22)g(35\);)g (imposter)h(eBay)g(site)g(\(R)f(22)g(42\))1950 4011 y(SHfhi)g(eBay)h (users)f(redirected)k(to)c(phishers)h(by)f(compromised)h(eBay')l(s)g (site)g(\(R)f(23)g(73,80;)h(S)2010 4090 y(30)f(3:34-35\))1950 4169 y(.....)i Fg(Other)e(r)o(elated)h(pr)o(oblems:)1950 4248 y Fj(fh)f(Monster)h(accidental)j(e-mail)d(blitz)h(\(S)d(23)h (5:26,)h(R)f(19)g(74\))1950 4327 y(f)g(Matsushita')l(s)i(P)o(anasonic)g (Interacti)n(v)o(e)i(Media)d(\002lter)g(spe)n(ws)g(out)f(vulgarities)j (\(S)c(23)h(3:26,)h(R)2010 4406 y(19)f(82-83\))1950 4485 y(SHO)f(A)l(OL)h(hit)h(by)f(e-mail)h(scam)f(and)h(T)n(rojan)f(horse)g (URLs)g(\(R)g(19)g(34\))1950 4564 y(S)g(T)n(rojan)g(horse:)22 b(5-yr)o(-old)c(installs)h(A)l(OL)d(CD-R)m(OM)i(from)e(Che)o(x)i(Quest) g(box)f(\(R)g(19)g(26\))1950 4642 y(Sf)n(f)n(f)h(LLNL)d(bans)i(all)h (wireless)g(netw)o(orks,)h(including)g(W)m(i-Fi,)e(because)i(of)e (technology)2010 4721 y(vulnerabilities,)k(with)d(only)g(about)g(10\(R) f(21)g(89\);)h(risks)f(in)g(wireless)h(carriers)h(tunneling)2010 4800 y(through)f(\002re)n(w)o(alls)h(\(R)e(21)g(89\))1950 4879 y(Sf)g(Minneapolis-St.P)o(aul)k(airport)d(of)n(fers)g(free)g (wireless)g(netw)o(ork;)h(great)g(opportunity)g(for)2010 4958 y(launching)h(spam)c(and)i(security)h(attacks)g(\(R)e(21)g(89\)) 1950 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y(\(!\)$V)g(Amsterdam)h(air)o (-freight)h(computer)g(crashes,)e(giraf)n(fes)i(die)f(\(S)e(12)h(1\)) 1950 2873 y(@*Vf)g(ARP)-6 b(Anet)18 b(ground)g(to)f(a)g(complete)i (halt;)g(accidentally-propagat)q(ed)k(status-message)2010 2952 y(virus)17 b([27Oct1980])i(\(S)e(6)g(1:)k(Reference)f(\226)d(Eric) g(Rosen,)g("V)-5 b(ulnerabilities)22 b(of)17 b(netw)o(ork)2010 3031 y(control)i(protocols",)f(SEN,)e(January)i(1981,)f(pp.)k(6-8\)) 1950 3110 y(@*Vf)c(ARP)-6 b(Anet)18 b(loses)f(Ne)n(w)h(England)g (despite)g(7-trunk)g(\223redundanc)o(y\224)j(\(S)c(12)g(1\))1950 3189 y(Vm)f(Netw)o(ork)j(crash)e(halts)h(Larry)f(Ellison')l(s)i(OpenW) -5 b(orld)17 b(demo)h(\(S)e(23)h(1:11,)h(R)f(19)g(40\))1950 3268 y(mh)f(Judge)i(Zobel')l(s)g(a)o(w)o(aited)h(e-mail)g(in)e(\223au)h (pair\224)g(case)g(delayed)h(o)o(v)o(er)f(an)f(hour)g(by)h(Boston)2010 3346 y(Edison)f(Electric)i(w)o(ork)o(ers)f(in)g(a)f(manhole)h (disconnecting)j(his)c(ISP)f(\(R)h(19)g(45\))1950 3425 y(-/+)h(Estimates)g(of)e(the)i(ef)n(fects)h(of)e(the)h(Starr)g(report)g (on)f(the)h(Internet)h(\(R)e(19)g(95\):)k(loc.go)o(v)l(,)2010 3504 y(house.go)o(v)l(,)c(and)h(gpo.go)o(v)f(were)h(essentially)i (inoperati)n(v)o(e,)g(b)o(ut)d(proliferation)k(of)c(mirrored)2010 3583 y(sites)h(eased)g(the)g(b)o(urden)f(substantially)k(\(R)c(19)g (96\);)g(man)o(y)h(comments)f(that)h(the)2010 3662 y(Communications)h (Decenc)o(y)g(Act)f(I)f(\(ruled)h(unconstitutional\))k(w)o(ould)c(ha)o (v)o(e)f(had)h(to)2010 3741 y(penalize)i(the)e(Starr)f(Report.)22 b(with)c(\002nes)f(of)g($250,000)h(and)f(5)g(years)h(in)f(prison)h(to)f (an)o(yone)2010 3820 y(posting)h(it)g(on)f(the)h(Internet.)k(AP)17 b(estimated)i(almost)f(6)e(million)j(people)g(bro)n(wsed)f(the)f (report)2010 3899 y(via)h(the)g(Internet.)1950 3977 y(V$he)f(Computer)i (collapse)g(wipes)f(out)f(British)h(Social)h(Security)g(NIRS)e (records;)i(manual)2010 4056 y(payments)f(prone)g(to)f(fraud)h(\(S)f (24)g(1:32,)g(R)g(20)g(01\))1950 4135 y(-)g(A)m(CM')l(s)g(ISP)g(cuts)g (of)n(f)h(service)h(for)e(late)h(payment)g(of)f(fees)h(\(R)f(19)g(15\)) 1950 4214 y(Vmh)f(Computer)j(crash)e(loses)h(CBC)f(radio)h(listeners')i (requests)e(\(R)f(20)g(17\))1950 4293 y(f)g(Ne)n(w)g(Ha)o(v)o(en)h (cable)g(vie)n(wers)h(see)e("SW)g(F)o(ailure.)22 b(Press)17 b(left)h(mouse.)j(...")15 b(\(S)i(19)g(4:8\))1950 4372 y(*$Vm)g(W)-5 b(eather)18 b(Service)h(phone)f(circuit)h(f)o(ailure)g (do)n(wns)f(forecasts)g(for)f(12)g(hours)g(\(S)g(17)g(1\))1950 4451 y(*$Vm)g(W)-5 b(eather)18 b(computers)g(do)n(wn)g(for)f(12)g(hrs,) f(blocking)j(AFSS)e(\003ight)g(service)i(\(S)e(19)g(1:9\))1950 4530 y(m\002)f(National)k(W)-5 b(eather)18 b(Center)g(-)f(wild)h (errors)f(in)h(reported)h(surf)o(ace)f(winds)g(result)g(from)e(bad)2010 4608 y(data)i(\(R)f(24)g(29,30\))1950 4687 y(Vm)f(Cold)i(weather)h (impairs)f(\002ber)o(-optic)h(performance)g(\(R)e(19)g(41\))1950 4766 y(@he)g(Computer)i(test)f(residue)g(generates)h(f)o(alse)g 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b(with)h(f)o(ak)o(e)h(ID)d(obtained)k(a)d(duplicate)j(dri)n(v)o(er')l (s)-330 5058 y(license)f(for)e(T)-5 b(eresa)18 b(Sto)o(v)o(er)g(from)f (the)h(V)l(ir)o(ginia)g(DMV)f(license;)i(`perhaps)g(thousands')f(of) -330 5137 y(fraudulent)i(licenses)e(`bought',)g(often)g(by)g(ille)o (gal)h(aliens)f(\(S)f(16)g(3\);)g(ring)h(of)f(bogus)g(license)-330 5216 y(sellers)-390 5295 y(Phi)g(Donn)o(y)h(Ray)f(Boone)h(spent)g(41)f (days)g(in)h(jail)g(because)h(his)e(name)h(w)o(as)f(similar)h(to)f(one) -330 5374 y(mentioned)i(on)e(The)g(Osgood)g(File)h(\(noted)g(in)g Fg(Computer)n(-Related)h(Risks)p Fj(\))-390 5453 y(Phi)e(Wrong)g(Neil)h (F)o(oster)g(arrested)h(on)e(incomplete)i(database)h(match)e(\(S)e(13)h (2\))-390 5532 y(Phi)g(More)h(computer)o(-inspired)i(f)o(alse)e (arrests,)g(libel,)g(etc.)k(\(S)16 b(12)h(3\))-390 5610 y(*hi)g(Nonupdated)j(stolen-car)f(database;)h(one)d(o)n(wner)h(shot,)f (one)h(roughed)g(up)f(\(S)g(21)g(4:14\))1950 -90 y(*P\(f/h?\))22 b(Dri)n(v)o(er)d(arrested)f(in)g(computer)g(muddle:)k(tw)o(o)c(cars)f (with)h(same)f(plates)i(\(S)d(17)h(1\))1950 -11 y(*i)g(Police)i(raid)f (wrong)f(house)h(\(twice\),)g(due)f(to)h(uncorrected)i(database)f(typo) f(\(S)e(17)h(1\))1950 68 y(hP)g(T)-5 b(w)o(o)16 b(Russ)h(Hamiltons)h (with)g(same)f(birthdate;)j(wrong)e(one)f(jailed)i(\(S)e(19)g(3:6\)) 1950 147 y(*$h)g(Rented)i(car)f(f)o(alsely)h(listed)f(as)f(stolen)h (leads)h(to)e(f)o(alse)h(incarceration)j(\(S)c(16)g(4\))1950 226 y(*h)g(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(photo)i(of)f(wrong)g(person)h(sent)f(as)g (rapist/robber;)k(`do)n(wnloading)f(error')d(\(S)g(16)g(4\))1950 305 y(-)g(Motorist)h(gets)g(citation)i(based)d(on)g(photo,)h(responds)g (with)f(photo)h(of)f(mone)o(y)h(\(S)e(16)h(4\))1950 383 y(hi)g(Ex-w)o(ork)o(er)i(f)o(alsely)g(arrested)f(for)f(deleting)j (\002les;)e(\002les)f(were)h(there!)k(\(S)17 b(20)g(2:8\))1950 462 y(fh?)k(Man)d(jailed)h(erroneously)g(because)g(of)e(computer)h (glitch)h(\(S)e(23)g(3:23,)g(R)g(19)g(58\))1950 541 y(hi)g(Mistak)o(en) i(identity:)24 b(Going)18 b(to)f(jail)i(innocently)h(o)o(v)o(er)d(a)h (speeding)g(tick)o(et)i(\(R)d(19)g(69,71\))1950 620 y(Ph)g(Bank)h (robbery)g(\223w)o(anted\224)h(poster)f(of)f(wrong)h(person)f(due)h(to) f(uncheck)o(ed)j(match)e(\(R)f(19)g(29\))1950 699 y(Pi)g(70-yr)o(-old)h (black)h(w)o(oman)e(Johnnie)h(Thomas)f(mistak)o(en)i(for)e(erstwhile)i (FBI-top-ten)g(man)2010 778 y(aliased)g(as)e(John)g(Thomas)g (Christopher)i(while)f(he)f(w)o(as)h(in)f(jail;)i(Ore)o(gon)f(still)g (w)o(ould)g(not)2010 857 y(remo)o(v)o(e)g(her)f(name)h(from)e(their)j (computers)f(\(S)f(27)g(04:,)g(R)g(22)g(07\))1950 936 y(Phi)g(Ed)g(Felten')l(s)i(sister)o(-in-la)o(w)g(victim)f(of)f(name)h (confusion)g(with)g(Ponzi)g(schemer)g(\(S)e(27)h(3:8,)2010 1014 y(R)g(21)g(90\))1950 1093 y(*$SPhie)h(More)f(f)o(alse)i(arrests)f (based)g(on)f(bad)g(la)o(w-enforcement)k(data)d(and)g(slopp)o(y)g(la)o (w)2010 1172 y(enforcement)i(checks,)d(f)o(ailure)j(to)d(remo)o(v)o(e)h (e)o(xpired)h(w)o(arrants)f(\(R)f(22)g(61,)g(S)f(28)h(3:7-8\))1950 1251 y(*fh)g(A)-7 b(TM)16 b(time-synchronization)22 b(errors)c(lead)g (to)f(mistak)o(en)i(arrests)f(\(R)f(22)g(73,76,78,79,)g(S)2010 1330 y(28)g(6:13\))1950 1409 y(*hi)g(W)-5 b(yoming)17 b(w)o(oman)g(f)o(alsely)h(arrested)h(on)d(cruise)i(ship)e(under)i (federal)g(char)o(ges)g(\(R)e(23)h(43;)g(S)2010 1488 y(29)g(5:16\))1950 1566 y(.....)i Fg(Effects)f(of)f(false)g(database)h (inf)n(ormation)1950 1645 y Fj(F)o(alse)g(data)g(entry)g(for)f(felon)o (y)i(arrest)f(hinders)g(job)f(seeking)i(\(R)e(20)g(92:)k(S)c(26)g (1:29-20\))1950 1724 y(hP)g(Erroneous)g(la)o(w-enforcement)k(data)d (from)f(Choicepoint:)25 b(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)19 b(F)o(oundation')l(s)g (Richard)2010 1803 y(Smith)e(disco)o(v)o(ered)j(he)d(had)g(been)h(dead) g(since)h(1976,)e(and)g(had)h(aliases)g(with)g(T)-5 b(e)o(xas)2010 1882 y(con)m(victs;)20 b(Chicago)f(w)o(oman)e(misidenti\002ed)j(as)d (shoplifter)i(and)e(drug)h(dealer)m(,)g(and)g(\002red.)2010 1961 y(\(Florida)g(election)h(erroneous)f(disenfranchisement)i(of)d (thousands)g(of)f(v)o(oters)h(also)g(traced)h(to)2010 2040 y(bogus)f(Choicepoint)k(data;)d(Choicepoint)j(blames)c(its)h(data) g(aggre)o(gator)m(,)h(DBT)-5 b(.\))16 b(\(R)i(21)f(42\))1950 2119 y(.....)i Fg(Prison)e(pr)o(oblems:)1950 2197 y Fj(!m)f(Busy)i (Philippine)h(phone)f(lines)g(pre)n(v)o(ent)h(stay)f(of)f(e)o(x)o (ecution;)j(ultimate)g(denial)e(of)f(service)2010 2276 y(in)g(unrecei)n(v)o(ed)k(death)d(reprie)n(v)o(e)i(\(R)d(20)g(47\))1950 2355 y(hi)g(Philadelphia)k(jail)d(k)o(eeps)h(100)e(despite)i(case)f (dispositions)h(\(S)d(21)h(4:13,)g(R)g(17)g(80\))1950 2434 y(*SHA)g(Santa)h(Clara)g(prison)g(data)g(system)f(\(inmate)i (altered)g(release)g(date\))f(\(S)f(10)g(1\))1950 2513 y(*SHA)g(Drug)g(kingpin)h(escapes)h(LA)d(County)i(prison)g(via)g(bogus) f(release)i(message)e(\(S)g(12)g(4\))1950 2592 y(SHA)f(Con)m(victed)k (for)o(ger)e(released)h(from)e(T)m(ucson)g(jail)i(via)e(bogus)h(f)o(ax) f(\(S)g(17)g(1\))1950 2671 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y(victims)i(of)f(account)i(theft)g(\(R)e(22)g(90\))1950 462 y($SHA)l(O)g(18-yr)o(-old)h(Brazilian)i(arrested)f(for)e(thefts)h (using)g(the)g(Internet,)g(with)g($3)f(million)i(in)2010 541 y(his)e(account,)i(stolen)f(credit-card)i(info,)e(etc.)j(\(S)c(27)g (6:13,)g(R)g(22)g(15\))1950 620 y(SH)f(Internet)k(fraud)d(complaints)i (triple)g(in)f(2002,)f(including)i(auction)g(fraud,)f(nondeli)n(v)o (ery)i(of)2010 699 y(goods,)d(credit)i(fraud,)e(f)o(ak)o(e)i(in)m(v)o (estments)g(\(R)e(22)g(71\))1950 778 y(SP)f(California)k(birth)e (records)h(acquired)g(by)e(RootsW)-5 b(eb)m(.com,)17 b(placed)i(on)e(the)h(Internet;)2010 857 y(increasing)i(risks)d(of)g (identity)i(theft?)k(Opt-out)18 b(only)g(\(R)f(21)g(80\);)h(PGN)e (attempted)k(to)d(opt)2010 936 y(out.)k(The)c(response)h(w)o(as)f(that) h(the)o(y)g(ha)o(v)o(e)g(remo)o(v)o(ed)g(the)g(entire)h(databases)g (for)e(California)2010 1014 y(and)h(T)-5 b(e)o(xas)17 b(\(R)g(21)g(81\))1950 1093 y(SP)f(Identity)k(theft)e(without)h(prior)e (kno)n(wledge)j(of)d(SSN)f(\(S)h(27)g(2:14-15,)h(R)e(21)h(82,83\))1950 1172 y(SHhH)g(Another)h(case)g(of)f(identity)i(theft;)g(identity)h (hijack)o(er)g(re)n(v)o(ersed)e(the)g(correcti)n(v)o(e)2010 1251 y(changes!)23 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(93\))1950 1330 y(SHP)f(Dictionary)k (attacks)f(can)f(result)g(in)f(eBay)h(identity)i(theft)e(\(R)f(21)g (98\);)h(eBay)g(lack)g(of)2010 1409 y(security)h(f)o(acilitates)i (fraud,)c(locks)h(out)g(le)o(gitimate)i(user)d(\(R)g(22)g(01\))1950 1488 y(SPH)f(Bogus)i(\223IRS)f(F)o(orm)g(W)l(-9095\224)g(not)h(issued)f (by)g(the)h(Go)o(v')o(t,)f(with)h(considerable)i(identity)2010 1566 y(theft)e(potential,)i(renounced)f(by)e(Secret)i(Service)g(\(R)e (22)g(02\))1950 1645 y(SP)f(Stif)n(fer)j(penalties)h(sought:)i(2)17 b(to)g(5)g(years)h(in)f(jail)h(for)f(aggra)o(v)n(ated)j(identity)g (theft)e(\(R)f(22)g(06\))1950 1724 y(SHAI/O)g(Massi)n(v)o(e)h(identity) i(theft)e(ring)g(brok)o(en)g(up)f(misusing)h(F)o(ord)f(Motor)g(Credit) 2010 1803 y(credentials,)j(with)e(30,000)f(victims)h(\(R)f(22)g(40;)h (S)e(28)h(2:13\))1950 1882 y(SHAI/O?)g(Theft)h(of)f(information)i(on)e (500,000)h(military-related)j(from)c(T)n(riW)-5 b(est)17 b(Healthcare)2010 1961 y(Alliance)j(on)d(14)g(Dec)g(2002)h(\(R)f(22)g (46;)g(S)g(28)g(2:14\))1950 2040 y(SP)f(Identity)k(thefts:)i(Alle)o (ged)d(ID)e(thief)h(accused)h(of)e(identity)j(theft)e(on)f(12)g(Boston) h(la)o(wyers,)2010 2119 y(using)g(birth)g(certi\002cates)i(and)d (credit)i(reports,)f(e)n(v)n(aded)h(authorities)h(for)d(a)g(year;)i (pre)n(viously)2010 2197 y(con)m(victed)h(of)d(fraud)h(\(R)f(22)g (20\);)g(Online)i(job)e(listing)i(leads)f(to)f(ID)g(theft)h(scam)g(via) f(bogus)2010 2276 y(`background)i(check')g(\(R)e(22)g(35\);)h(4MyEmer)o (genc)o(y)l(.com)g(gathers)g(personal)g(info)g(in)f(case)2010 2355 y(of)g(disaster)m(,)h(ripe)g(for)f(misuse)g(\(R)g(22)g(26\);)h (Busbo)o(y)g(pleads)g(guilty)h(to)e(ID)g(theft)h(\(R)f(22)g(28\))2010 2434 y([follo)n(w-up)i(on)e(\(R)g(21)g(29\)])g(Potential)j(ID)d(theft)h (risk)f(in)h(X-Box)f(gamezone)i(\(R)e(22)g(39\);)2010 2513 y(Identity)i(thie)n(v)o(es)g(create)g(change-ebay)l(.com)h(with)e (a)f(stolen)h(credit)h(card,)f(scam)f(obtains)2010 2592 y(eBay)h(user)f(names)h(and)f(passw)o(ords)h(\(R)f(22)g(40,43\);)g(Y)-7 b(et)18 b(Another)h(eBay-Spoo\002ng)g(Scam)2010 2671 y(\(R)e(22)g(98\);)h(H&R)e(Block)i(emplo)o(yees)h(suspected)g(of)e (identity)j(theft)e(against)h(27)e(customers)2010 2750 y(\(R)g(22)g(46\))1950 2828 y(SP+)g(V)l(ir)o(ginia)i(Identity)g(Theft)e (P)o(assport)h(identi\002es)h(theft)g(victims)f(as)f(victims,)h(\(R)f (22)g(80,81\))2010 2907 y(and)h(risks)f(of)g(its)g(being)h(for)o(ged!)k (\(R)17 b(22)g(83\))1950 2986 y(SHPf)g(V)l(ir)o(ginia)h(grie)n(v)n (ance)j(system)c(online,)h(e)o(xcept)h(SSN)d(is)h(all)h(that)h(is)e (needed)h(to)g(access)g(the)2010 3065 y(\002le)f(\(R)h(22)f(77\))1950 3144 y($SHP)g(Identity)i(thefts)f(doubled)h(from)d(2001)i(to)f(2002)h 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y(masquerader)i(posing)f(as)f(cell-phone)j(operati)n(v)o(e,)f(R)e(23)g (90\);)h(DSW)e(Shoe)h(W)-5 b(arehouse)2010 4800 y(customer)18 b(information)h(compromised)f(\(R)g(23)f(78;)g(S)g(30)g(3:34\);)h (Breakin)h(at)e(SAIC)g(risks)g(ID)2010 4879 y(theft)h(for)f(tens)h(of)f (thousands)h(of)f(past/present)j(emplo)o(yees)f(\(R)e(23)g(73;)h(S)e (30)h(3:34\);)h(Boston)2010 4958 y(Colle)o(ge)h(loses)f(SSNs)e(and)h (other)i(data)f(on)f(up)g(to)g(100,000)h(alumni)g(\(R)f(23)g(80;)g(S)g (30)g(3:34\);)2010 5037 y(Uni)n(v)o(ersity)i(of)e(Cal)h(Berk)o(ele)o(y) i(laptop)f(theft)f(compromises)g(98,369)f(alumni,)h(grad)f(students) 2010 5116 y(and)h(applicants;)i(ne)n(w)d(California)j(la)o(w)e (requires)g(disclosure)h(\(R)e(23)g(82;)h(S)e(30)h(3:34\))2010 5195 y(310,000)g(Le)o(xis-Ne)o(xis)i(records)f(accessed)h(by)e (identity)i(thie)n(v)o(es)g(\(R)e(23)g(84;)h(S)e(30)i(3:34\))1950 5273 y(SPh)f(T)n(ime)f(W)-5 b(arner)18 b(backup)g(tapes)g(lost)g(with)f 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e(names)f(cause)h(nasty)g(tax)g(problem)g(in)f(Canada)i(\(S)e(12)g(4\)) 1950 226 y(h)g(T)-5 b(w)o(o)16 b(Ste)n(v)o(en)j(Reids)f(in)f(Montreal)i (sharing)f(same)f(birthday)i(\(S)e(18)g(1:22\);)h(See)g(also)f(Don)2010 305 y(Norman)g(et)h(al.,)f(on-line)h(\(R)f(14)g(12-17\))h(on)f(Name)g (Problems)1950 383 y(hi)g(Medical)j(identity)f(problem:)k(confusion)18 b(between)h(Jim)e(and)g(James)g(\(S)g(23)g(3:24,)g(R)g(19)g(46\))1950 462 y(@f,h,i)g(Ordering)h(airline)h(tick)o(ets)h(on-line:)j(name)17 b(confusions)i(on)e(e-tick)o(ets,)i(with)f(similar)2010 541 y(names)f(\(R)g(19)g(28\))g(and)h(identical)i(names)e(\(R)f(19)g (29\))1950 620 y(fh)g(Nasty)g(name)h(recognition)i(problem)e(in)f(Ne)n (w)h(Me)o(xico)g(state)h(DMV)d(and)i(tax)f(system)g(arises)2010 699 y(in)g(seeking)i(interoperability)j(\(R)17 b(20)g(04\))1950 778 y(e)g(Memorial)i(Society)f(softw)o(are)h(upgrade)g(loses)e(some)g (life-time)i(members)e(\(R)g(21)g(08;)h(S)e(26)2010 857 y(1:26\))1950 936 y($f?)21 b(Disabled)e(mother)f(barred)g(from)f(recei) n(ving)j(tax)e(credits)g(because)h(of)e(computer)i(inability)2010 1014 y(to)e(handle)i(hyphenated)g(surname)f(\(R)f(22)g(69\))1950 1093 y(Pfhi)g(Social)i(Security)g(Administration)h(sends)d(cards)h(to)f (the)h(wrong)f(place,)h(w)o(on')o(t)g(admit)g(it')l(s)2010 1172 y(due)g(to)f(b)o(uggy)g(softw)o(are)i(the)o(y)f(need)g(to)f(\002x) g(\(R)g(24)g(01\))2010 1386 y Fl(1.32)99 b(Other)25 b(Legal)g (Implications)2010 1509 y Fj(!$)17 b(Deaths)h(of)f(3)g(lobstermen)h(in) g(storm)f(not)g(predicted)j(by)d(National)i(W)-5 b(eather)18 b(Service)h(\226)e(3)2010 1588 y(mos)f(unrepaired)k(weather)f(b)o(uo)o (y;)f($1.25M)f(a)o(w)o(ard)h(\(S)f(10)g(5\))g([NY)f(T)n(imes,)g (13Aug1985])2010 1667 y(Ov)o(erturned)j(by)e(federal)i(appeals)g (court.)j([AP)-7 b(,)15 b(15May1986])k(\(S)e(11)g(3\))1950 1746 y(!m)f(Spider)i(triggers)h(alarm,)e(in)m(v)o(estigating)k(dog)c (is)g(sick,)g(man)g(is)g(shot)h(\(R)f(18)g(46\))1950 1825 y(SPH+/-?)22 b(Discussion)c(of)f(Communications)i(Decenc)o(y)g (Act,)f(unconstitutionality)k(\(R)17 b(17)g(74\),)2010 1904 y(federal)i(court)f(judge)g(enjoins)h(indecenc)o(y)h(pro)o (vision;)f(foreign)f(implications)i(\(R)d(17)2010 1982 y(71,72,83,91,92,)g(EPIC)f(Alert)i(3.04\);)g(Federal)h(Court)e(rules)h (against)h(Communications)2010 2061 y(Decenc)o(y)g(Act)e(\(S)g(21)g (5:19\);)h(another)h(ruling)f(against)h(Communications)g(Decenc)o(y)g (Act)f(\(R)2010 2140 y(18)f(29\))1950 2219 y(S)g(IT)-6 b(AR)16 b(to)h(allo)n(w)i(personal-use)g(e)o(xport)f(\(\223Matt)h (Blaze)g(e)o(x)o(emption\224\))g(\(R)e(17)g(75,)g(S)g(21)g(4,)2010 2298 y(SA)m(C)g(14)g(3\))1950 2377 y(SP)f(Judge:)22 b(Computer)d (encryption)g(codes)f(ruled)g(protected)i(speech)e(\(S)f(21)g(5:19\);)h (9th)g(Circuit)2010 2456 y(Court)g(of)f(Appeals)h(upholds)g(district)h (court)f(in)g(Bernstein)h(case)f(\(R)f(20)g(38\))1950 2535 y($SH)g(Anticracking)j(bill)e(S982)f(passes)h(senate;)h(between)g 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y(i)g(More)h(spelling)g(corrector)i(amusements) e(\(Internet)h(to)e(Interment,)i(etc.\))i(\(S)c(21)g(2:19\))1950 4564 y(-)g(Limits)g(of)g(automated)i(ne)n(wsgathering:)24 b(rugby)18 b(position)h(\(hook)o(er\))f(confused)h(with)e(se)o(x)2010 4642 y(ne)n(ws)g(\(S)g(22)g(2:20\))1950 4721 y(fh)g(CNN)g(report)h(on)f (Gary)g(Shandling)i(la)o(wsuit)g(names)e(him)g(as)g (\223Changeling\224;)k(spelling)2010 4800 y(corrected?)j(\(R)17 b(20)g(47\))1950 4879 y(i)g(DNS)g(directory)i(use)e(results)h(in)f (spelling)i(corrector)h(transforming)e(\223w)o(ashtech.com\224)i(to) 2010 4958 y(\223w)o(ashes.com\224)f(porn)e(site)h(\(R)f(21)g(37\))1950 5037 y(i)g(Spelling)i(check)o(er)h(on)d(London)g(City)h(Uni)n(v)l(.)j (department)e(head')l(s)g(memo:)i(CS)c(changed)h(to)2010 5116 y(Chihuahuas)h(\(R)e(21)g(83\))1950 5195 y(i)g(Spelling)i (corrector)g(munged)f(HP')l(s)f(2002)g(annual)i(report:)k(Da)o(vid)17 b(and)h(Lucite)g(P)o(ackard)2010 5273 y(F)o(oundation,)h(Edwin)e(v)n 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y(2005!;)h(Barbara')l(s)h(Cereal)g(e)o(xpires)g(July)e(1900;)h(dri) n(v)o(er')l(s)h(license)g(e)o(xpires)f(in)f(year)h(1000!;)2010 226 y(NTSB)e(website)j(has)e(Y2K)g(test)h(data)g(mix)o(ed)f(in)h(with)f (real)i(data;)f(Bogus)g(message)f(in)h(li)n(v)o(e)2010 305 y(service)h(for)e(Quick)o(en)i(2000;)f(W)m(ith)f(stepped-up)i(Y2K)e (w)o(ariness,)h(N)n(AI)e(W)-5 b(ebShield)19 b(blocks)2010 383 y(RISKS)e(issues)g(\(R)g(20)g(74\))1950 462 y(f)g(Ne)n(wborn)h(Y2K) f(baby)g(birth)h(certi\002cates)j(dated)d(1900)g(\(R)f(20)g(76\);)g (Satellite)j(orbit)f(predictor)2010 541 y(softw)o(are)g(f)o(ails)f(\(R) f(20)g(76\);)h(Flight)g(Sim)f(2000)g(Professional)i(Edition)f(\(R)f(20) g(76\);)2010 620 y(abcne)n(ws.com)i(continued)g(cop)o(yright)h(year)e (of)f(1999)g(\(R)g(20)g(78\))1950 699 y($f)g(Ne)n(w)g(Y2K)g(T)m(ulsa)g (County)h(Court)g(computer)h(system)e(f)o(ails)h(for)f(weeks)h (thereafter)i(\(R)d(20)2010 778 y(81\))1950 857 y($f)g(Ne)n(v)n(ada)i 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y(cannot)i(send)e(e-mail)h(after)h(Y2K)d(\(R)h (20)g(75\))1950 1645 y(f)g(Y)-7 b(et)18 b(another)g(Y2K)f(b)o(ug)g(in)g (Jun)g(2000!)22 b(\(R)17 b(20)g(91\))1950 1724 y(fh)g(54-week)h (anomaly)h(in)e(American)h(calendars)i(e)n(v)o(ery)e(18)f(years)h(\(R)f (21)g(19\),)g(b)o(ut)g(not)g(in)2010 1803 y(Europe)g(and)h(else)n (where;)i(ISO)c(standard)j(8601)f(\(R)f(21)g(19-21,23\);)1950 1882 y(Vf)g(Norwe)o(gian)h(trains)h(halted)f(31)g(Dec)f(2000)g(\(R)g (21)h(18,)e(S)h(25)g(2:11;)h(also)f(R)g(21)g(19,21\))1950 1961 y(Vf)g(7-Ele)n(v)o(en)h(unable)h(to)e(process)h(credit)h(cards)f (since)g(1)f(Jan)g(2001)g(\(R)g(21)g(18,)g(S)f(26)h(2:11\))1950 2040 y(f)g(Y2K+1)g(b)o(ug)g(in)g(Sharp)h(Or)o(ganizer?)23 b(\(R)17 b(21)g(18)g(S)g(25)g(2:11,)g(also)g(R)g(19,21,23,25\))1950 2119 y(f)g(In)g(2001,)g(Ore)o(gon')l(s)h(Multnomah)g(County)h (residents)f(summoned)f(for)g(jury)h(duty)g(in)f(1901)g(\(R)2010 2197 y(21)g(20\))1950 2276 y(f)g(Motorola)i(\003e)o(x)e(page)h(ble)n(w) g(2000)f(\(R)g(21)g(09\))1950 2355 y(f)g(Postscript)h(Jan)f(2001)h (monthly)g(calendar)i(of)n(f)d(by)g(se)n(v)o(eral)i(days)e(\(R)g(21)g (19\))1950 2434 y(f)g(Millennium)i(clock)f(has)g(a)f(millennium)i(b)o (ug)e(\(R)g(21)g(20\))1950 2513 y(f)g(Y2K-leap)o(year)j(hango)o(v)o (er:)j(CDMA)17 b(GTE)f(wireless)i(date)g(31)f(Jun)g(00)g(\(R)g(20)g (92\))1950 2592 y(American)h(Express)f(bill)i(date)f(confusion)g(be)o (ginning)i(Jan)d(2001:)22 b(Y2K)16 b(aftermath)k(\(R)d(21)2010 2671 y(24,25\))1950 2750 y(Merlin)h(tra)o(v)o(el-agenc)o(y)j(system)c (credited)j(Jan)d(2001)g(reserv)n(ations)j(to)d(Jan)h(2000)f(accounts,) 2010 2828 y(af)n(fecting)j(200)d(agencies)i(\(R)f(21)f(25\))1950 2907 y(Extreme)h(Ultra)o(violet)i(Explorer)e(\(EUVE\))e(satellite)k (launched)f(Jun)e(1992)g(li)n(v)o(ed)i(until)g(31)e(Jan)2010 2986 y(2001;)h(planning)h(system)e(f)o(ailed)i(on)e(1)g(Jan)g(2001)h (\226)e(because)j(the)f(le)o(gac)o(y)h(data)2010 3065 y(solar/lunar/planetary)k(ephemeris)c(\002le)e(e)o(xtended)j(only)d(to) 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Fj(1024)g(weeks)h(around)g(1)f(Jan)g(2002)g(\(R)g(21)g(84\))1950 -11 y(i?)22 b(What)17 b(T)n(ime)f(Is)h(It?)22 b(Atomic)c(clocks,)f (GPS,)f(others)i(dif)n(fer)h(\(R)e(22)g(83\))1950 68 y($h)g(Human)g(input)h(error)g(on)f(year)h(causes)g($49-million)h (error)f(for)f(NJ)f(food)i(stamps)f(\(S)f(24)2010 147 y(4:27,)h(R)g(20)g(28\))1950 226 y(Vf)g(Swedish)g(passport)h(system)f (and)h(Swedish)g(Giroguide)h(both)e(f)o(ail)i(on)e(\22399\224)h(\(R)f (20)g(14\))1950 305 y(fh)g(Y2K-lik)o(e)i(problems)f(include)h (stop-codes)f(such)g(as)f(9999)g(\(9)g(Apr)g(1999)g(is)g(the)h(99th)g (day)f(of)2010 383 y(\22399\224\),)h(99999999,)g(etc.)j(\(R)c(20)g (14\))1950 462 y(f$)g(9/9/99)h(w)o(as)g(mostly)f(a)g(non-e)n(v)o(ent,)i (although)g(it)f(resulted)h(in)e(a)g(non-critical)k(medical)e(app)2010 541 y(f)o(ailure)g(\(R)e(20)g(55\))g(and)h(an)f(accidental)k(deposit)e (of)e($160K)g(\(R)g(20)g(60\))1950 620 y(hm)f(Japanese)j(MARS)e (rail-tick)o(et)k(system)c(crashed)i(due)e(to)g(customers)h(w)o(anting) 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b(problem)i(\(R)f(19)g(23\))1950 2119 y(f)g(Thanksgi)n(ving)i (misplaced)g(in)e(Microsoft)i(Outlook)f(97:)j(better)e(check)g(your)e (calendar!)24 b(\(S)16 b(23)2010 2197 y(3:24,)h(R)g(19)g(46:47\))1950 2276 y(f)g(Microsoft)h(Outlook)h(98)e(reschedules)i(Memorial)g(Day)e (1999)g(\(R)g(20)g(30\))g(and)h(2)f(UK)f(bank)2010 2355 y(holidays)j(\(R)e(20)g(32\);)g(not)h(Y4.501K)f(compatible)j(\(R)d(20)g (31\))1950 2434 y(\002)g(Design)g(\003a)o(w)g(in)h(MS)e(Outlook/W)-5 b(ord)19 b(sa)o(v)o(e)e(procedure?)24 b(\(S)16 b(23)h(3:26,)h(R)f(19)g (55\))1950 2513 y(f)g(Outlook)h(Express)f(date)h(parsing)g(problem:)23 b(2099)17 b(by)g(mistak)o(e,)h(b)o(ut)g(displayed)h(as)e(1919)g(\(R) 2010 2592 y(20)g(24\))1950 2671 y(\002)g(Confusion)h(of)f(Microsoft)h (Outlook)h(shifting)f(times)g(with)f(timezones)i(\(R)e(20)g(11-12\);) 2010 2750 y(W)m(indo)n(ws)h(95)f(changes)h(date)h(without)f (con\002rmation)h(\(R)e(20)g(13\))1950 2828 y(e)g(Melbourne)i(hopital)g (system)e(upgrade)i(took)f(four)f(years:)22 b(system)17 b(could)h(not)g(handle)g(patient)2010 2907 y(numbers)f(o)o(v)o(er)h (six)f(digits!)22 b(\(S)17 b(27)g(3:8,)g(R)g(22)g(03\))1950 2986 y(V)g(Multics)h(crashes)g(on)f(Bernie)i(Greenber)o(g')l(s)g(45th)f (birthday;)h(Bernie)g(ne)n(v)o(er)f(anticipated)2010 3065 y(Multics)h(w)o(ould)f(still)g(be)f(running!)22 b(\(S)17 b(20)g(5:11\))1950 3144 y(ehi)h(Dartmouth)g(T)n(ime)f(Sharing) h(System:)k(Be)n(w)o(are)d(the)e(Ides)h(of)f(March,)g(1970s)g(\(S)g(21) g(2:16\))1950 3223 y(Vf)g(Misdeclared)j(v)n(ariable)f(type)f(o)o(v)o (er\003o)n(ws)g Ff(term)e Fj(program)i(on)f(26)g(Oct)h(1993)f(\(S)g(19) g(1:4\))1950 3302 y(Vf)g(Microcode)i(b)o(ug)e(do)n(wns)g(T)-5 b(andem)17 b(CLX)g(clocks)h(at)f(3pm)g(1-No)o(v-1992;)i(detected)h(in)d (Ne)n(w)2010 3381 y(Zealand/F)o(arEast,)j(\002x)c(a)o(v)n(ailable)21 b(before)d(it)f(could)i(hit)e(Europe,)g(US)g(\(S)f(18)h(1:5\))1950 3459 y(Vf)g(Ev)o(ery)g(MTS)f(shuts)h(do)n(wn:)22 b(2**15)c(days)f(from) 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y($deh)h(German)f(social)i(services)f(softw)o(are)h(A2LL)d(loses)h (100,000)h(updates)g(\(R)f(24)g(01;)h(S)e(30)-330 1724 y(4:22\))-390 1803 y($f)h(German)g(social)i(services)g(softw)o(are)f (with)g(ne)n(w)l(,)f(costly)h(errors;)g(health)h(insurance)-330 1882 y(premiums)e(miscalculated)k(\(R)c(24)g(03;)h(S)e(30)h(6:17-18\)) -390 1961 y($d)g(Siemens)h(recalls)h(x65)e(mobile)h(phones;)g(softw)o (are)h(error)e(triggers)i(o)o(v)o(erly)f(loud)g(melody)g(as)-330 2040 y(battery)h(f)o(ails)f(\(R)f(23)g(51,53\))-390 2119 y($fhi)h(Comple)o(xity)h(causes)f(50\045)f(of)g(product)i(returns)f (\(R)f(24)g(19,20\))-390 2197 y($fhiR)h(Y)-7 b(et)18 b(another)h(canceled)g(public)g(sector)f(IT)f(project:)23 b(UK)17 b(Internet)i(retirement)g(planner)m(,)-330 2276 y(w)o(asted)f(\24311M)g(\(R)f(24)g(47,49,52,)f(S)h(32)g(1\))-330 2490 y Fl(1.38)99 b(Achie)o(ving)25 b(Better)h(System)f(De)o(v)o (elopment)h(and)-56 2606 y(Operation)-330 2730 y Fj(+)17 b(Numerous)g(articles)j(on)d(softw)o(are)h(de)n(v)o(elopment,)i (speci\002cation,)g(formal)e(v)o(eri\002cation,)-330 2808 y(safety)l(,)f(reliability)l(,)k(security)l(,)d(etc.)j(\(S)c(1)g (1)g(to)g(the)h(present\))-390 2887 y(+)f(Barclays)i(Bank)f(success)g (story)f(in)g(cuto)o(v)o(er)i(to)e(client-serv)o(er)k(system)c(\(S)g (20)g(1:18\))-390 2966 y(+)g Fi(Collected)j(P)-5 b(aper)o(s)17 b(by)g(David)h(L.)e(P)-5 b(arnas,)16 b Fj(book)i(edited)h(by)e(Daniel)h (M.)e(Hof)n(fman)i(and)-330 3045 y(Da)o(vid)g(M.)e(W)-5 b(eiss,)16 b(with)i(fore)n(w)o(ord)g(by)f(Jon)g(Bentle)o(y:)24 b(commentary)19 b(\(R)e(21)g(42,43\))g(by)g(Jim)-330 3124 y(Horning.)22 b(V)-7 b(ery)17 b(useful)g(book)h(on)f(good)g(softw) o(are)i(engineering.)-390 3203 y(+)e(Softw)o(are)i(Engineering,)g (Dijkstra,)f(and)f(Hippocrates)j(\(R)d(21)g(42,44\))-390 3282 y(+)g(Discussion)h(on)f(the)h(need)g(to)f(certify)i(computer)g (professionals)g(\(S)d(16)h(1\))-390 3361 y(+)g(More)h(on)f(Proper)g 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k(Standard)e(on)e(industrial)i(machines)g(safety)f(\(S)e(16)h(3\))-390 4149 y(+)g(Ne)n(wSpeak,)h(a)f(safer)h(programming)g(language)i(\(S)c (13)h(2\))-390 4228 y(+/-??)23 b(Programming)17 b(competenc)o(y)j(and)e (the)f(use)g(of)g(FOR)l(TH)g(\(R)g(20)g(49-53,)g(R)g(22)g(14-15\))-390 4307 y(+)g(Spark,)g(an)h(attempt)g(at)g(a)f("safe")h(Ada)f(subset)h (\(S)e(14)h(1\))-390 4386 y(+)g(V)l(iper)h(and)f(formal)h(methods)g (used)f(in)g(Australian)j(railroad)f(switching)g(\(S)d(14)h(5\))-390 4465 y(+)g(Bene\002ts)h(of)f(computer)i(technology)l(,)g(particularly)i (safety)l(,)c(discussed)h(\(S)f(14)g(6\))-390 4544 y(+)g(DoD)g(Softw)o (are)h(Master)h(Plan)e([preliminary)j(draft)e(released)h([9Feb1990])g (\(S)d(15)h(2\))-390 4623 y(+)g(Flogging)i(as)d(an)i(ancient)h(method)f (for)f(assuring)h(softw)o(are)h(quality?)k(\(S)17 b(16)g(3\))-390 4701 y(+)g(Scents)h(increase)h(producti)n(vity)i(of)c(Russian)h (computer)g(operators!)23 b(\(S)17 b(17)g(2\))-390 4780 y(+)g(Scents)h([androstenone])i(gi)n(v)o(e)e(14\045)g(increase)h(in)e (bill-payment)j(rate)e(\(S)f(18)g(2:5\))-330 4994 y Fl(1.39)99 b(The)26 b(Pr)n(oper)g(Role)e(of)h(T)-9 b(echnology?)-330 5117 y Fj(+-)17 b(W)m(inter)i(1991)e(issue)g(of)g(Whole)h(Earth)g(Re)n (vie)n(w)h(questions)f(technology;)i(articles)g(by)-330 5196 y(Jerry)d(Mander)m(,)h(Ho)n(w)o(ard)h(Le)n(vine,)f(Langdon)f(W)m (inner)m(,)h(P)o(atricia)i(Glass)d(Schuman,)h(Linda)-330 5275 y(Garcia,)g(Gary)g(T)-5 b(.)15 b(Marx,)j(Iv)n(an)f(Illich,)i (Amory)e(and)g(Hunter)h(Lo)o(vins)f(\(S)g(17)g(2\))-390 5354 y(+-)g(Fujitsu)h(probing)h(brain-w)o(a)o(v)o(e)g(detecting)h (interf)o(ace;)h(risks)c(suggested)h(\(S)f(18)g(3:A10\))-390 5433 y(fh)g(Discussion)h(of)f(e)o(xpectations)k(of)c(technology:)24 b(Chase)18 b(Manhattan)h(Bank)f(\002re,)f(911)g(cell)-330 5512 y(phone)h(identi\002cation)j(\(S)c(23)g(5:25,)g(R)g(19)g(83\))-390 5591 y(d\(SV*,etc.\)\(fm+,etc.\))23 b(Extensi)n(v)o(e)c(ongoing)f (discussion)g(on)g(component)g(architecture,)2010 -90 y(composability)l(,)h(etc.,)f(much)f(too)g(long)h(to)f(summarize)h (here,)g(b)o(ut)f(quite)h(instructi)n(v)o(e.)24 b(Also,)2010 -11 y(see)17 b(PGN')l(s)g(report,)h(Principled)i(Assuredly)e(T)n(rustw) o(orthy)f(Composable)i(Architectures,)2010 68 y(Dec)f(2004,)1950 147 y(http://www)l(.csl.sri.com/neumann/chat)q(s4.pdf)23 b(and)17 b(.ps,)f(as)h(well)h(as)1950 226 y(http://www)l (.csl.sri.com/neumann/chat)q(s4.html.)26 b(\(R)17 b(23)g(73-77\))2010 480 y Fh(2)119 b(Refer)n(ence)31 b(Materials)2010 627 y Fj(If)17 b(you)g(are)h(interested)i(in)d(further)h(details,)h(pursue) e(the)h(back)g(issues)g(of)e(SEN,)g(the)i(on-line)2010 706 y(RISKS)f(archi)n(v)o(es,)i(and)e(Neumann')l(s)h Fi(Computer)o(-Related)i(Risks)p Fj(,)d(Addison-W)-5 b(esle)o(y)l(,)18 b(1995)2010 785 y(\(ISBN)f(0-201-55805-X\))i(and)e(A) m(CM)h(Press)e(\(A)m(CM)i(Order)f(704943\).)2010 998 y Fl(2.1)99 b(Books)2010 1122 y Fj(The)17 b(follo)n(wing)i(books)e(may) g(also)h(be)f(of)g(interest.)1950 1201 y Fa(\017)g Fj(Frederick)i(P)-7 b(.)16 b(Brooks,)h(Jr)l(.,)f Fi(The)h(Mythical)j(Man-Month)f Fj(\(2nd)e(edition\))i(Addison-W)-5 b(esle)o(y)l(,)2010 1280 y(1995.)1950 1359 y Fa(\017)17 b Fj(Da)o(vid)g(Burnham,)h Fi(The)f(Rise)g(of)g(the)h(Computer)g(State)o(,)h Fj(Random)e(House,)g (Ne)n(w)h(Y)-7 b(ork,)16 b(1982.)1950 1438 y Fa(\017)h Fj(Ste)n(v)o(en)i(M.)d(Case)o(y)l(,)h Fi(Set)h(Phaser)o(s)f(on)g(Stun,) g(and)g(Other)h(T)l(rue)f(T)-6 b(ales)18 b(of)f(Design)h(T)-6 b(ec)o(hnolo)o(gy)2010 1517 y(and)17 b(Human)g(Err)m(or)-7 b(,)16 b Fj(Ae)o(gean,)i(1993.)1950 1595 y Fa(\017)f Fj(Robert)h(N.)e(Charette,)k Fi(Softwar)n(e)e(Engineering)h(Risk)e (Analysis)h(and)f(Mana)o(g)o(ement,)2010 1674 y Fj(McGra)o(w-Hill,)i (Ne)n(w)e(Y)-7 b(ork,)16 b(1989.)1950 1753 y Fa(\017)h Fj(Robert)h(N.)e(Charette,)k Fi(Application)f(Str)o(ate)m(gies)h(for)d (Risk)g(Analysis,)g Fj(McGra)o(w-Hill,)i(Ne)n(w)2010 1832 y(Y)-7 b(ork,)16 b(1990.)1950 1911 y Fa(\017)h Fj(Robert)h(N.)e (Charette,)k(Frances)e(Scarf)n(f,)g(and)f(Andy)g(Carty)l(,)h Fi(Intr)m(oduction)h(to)f(the)2010 1990 y(Mana)o(g)o(ement)i(of)d(Risk) p Fj(,)g(HMSO)f(\(Her)i(Majesty')l(s)h(Stationary)g(Of)n(\002ce\),)f (1993)f(\(ISBN)g(0)g(11)2010 2069 y(330648)h(2\).)1950 2147 y Fa(\017)f Fj(Da)o(vid)g(Clark)i(et)e(al.,)g Fi(Computer)o(s)h (at)g(Risk:)j(Safe)d(Computing)h(in)e(the)h(Information)h(Ag)o(e)p Fj(,)2010 2226 y(National)g(Research)g(Council)g(report)g(of)d(the)i (System)f(Security)i(Study)f(Committee,)2010 2305 y(National)h(Academy) f(Press,)f(December)h(1990.)1950 2384 y Fa(\017)f Fj(K)n(en)g(Dam)g(et) h(al.,)f Fi(Crypto)o(gr)o(aphy')m(s)i(Role)f(In)f(Securing)h(the)g (Information)h(Society)h(\(a.k.a.)2010 2463 y(the)e(CRISIS)f(r)n (eport\))p Fj(,)g(National)i(Research)g(Council)g(report)f(of)f(the)h (Committee)h(to)e(Study)2010 2542 y(National)i(Cryptography)h(Polic)o (y)l(,)d(National)j(Academy)e(Press,)e(1996.)21 b(Ex)o(ecuti)n(v)o(e)f (summary)2010 2621 y(is)d(a)o(v)n(ailable)j(at)e (http://www2.nas.edu/cstbweb)k(.)1950 2700 y Fa(\017)17 b Fj(Mark)g(Dery)l(,)g Fi(Escape)g(V)-7 b(elocity:)23 b(Cyber)n(cultur)n(e)d(at)d(the)h(End)e(of)h(the)h(Century)l(,)h Fj(Gro)o(v)o(e)e(Press,)2010 2778 y(1996.)1950 2857 y Fa(\017)g Fj(Dietrich)i(D\366rner)m(,)f Fi(The)f(Lo)o(gic)h(of)g(F)-5 b(ailur)n(e:)21 b(Why)d(Things)f(Go)g(Wr)m(ong)g(and)h(What)f(W)-6 b(e)18 b(Can)2010 2936 y(Do)f(to)g(Mak)o(e)h(Them)g(Right,)f Fj(Metropolitan)j(Books)e(\(Henry)f(Holt\),)h(Ne)n(w)f(Y)-7 b(ork,)16 b(1996.)1950 3015 y Fa(\017)h Fj(John)g(H.)f(Fielder)j(and)e (Douglas)h(Birsch,)g Fi(The)f(DC-10)h(Case:)j(A)16 b(Case)i(Study)g(in) f(Applied)2010 3094 y(Ethics,)g(T)-6 b(ec)o(hnolo)o(gy)l(,)20 b(and)d(Society)l(,)j Fj(State)e(Uni)n(v)o(ersity)h(of)e(Ne)n(w)h(Y)-7 b(ork)16 b(Press,)h(1992.)1950 3173 y Fa(\017)g Fj(John)g(Gall,)h Fi(Systemantics)h(:)i(the)d(under)n(gr)m(ound)g(te)o(xt)g(of)f(systems) h(lor)n(e)f(:)k(how)c(systems)g(r)n(eally)2010 3252 y(work)g(and)h (especially)i(how)d(the)n(y)h(fail)p Fj(,)g(General)h(Systemantics)g (Press,)e(3200)g(W)-6 b(.)16 b(Liberty)l(,)2010 3331 y(Ann)h(Arbor)g(48103,)g(1986.)k(\(The)c(\002rst)g(edition)j(w)o(as)d (printed)i(by)e(Pock)o(et)h(Books)g(in)f(1975)2010 3409 y(and)h(Quadrangle/NYT)n(imesBookCo)i(in)e(1977.\))1950 3488 y Fa(\017)f Fj(Robert)h(Glass,)f Fi(Softwar)n(e)h(Cr)n(eativity)l (,)i Fj(Prentice-Hall,)g(Engle)n(w)o(ood)f(Clif)n(fs,)f(Ne)n(w)f(Jerse) o(y)l(,)2010 3567 y(1995.)1950 3646 y Fa(\017)g Fj(Gre)o(g)g(Hoglund)h (and)g(Gary)f(McGra)o(w)l(,)g Fi(Exploiting)j(Softwar)n(e:)i(How)17 b(to)g(Br)n(eak)g(Code)o(,)2010 3725 y Fj(Addison-W)-5 b(esle)o(y)l(,)18 b(2004.)1950 3804 y Fa(\017)f Fj(Karla)h(Jennings,)g Fi(The)f(De)o(vouring)i(Fungus,)d(T)-6 b(ales)17 b(of)h(the)f(Computer) i(Ag)o(e)o(,)e Fj(Norton,)g(1990.)1950 3883 y Fa(\017)g Fj(Deborah)h(G.)e(Johnson)i(and)f(Helen)h(Nissenbaum,)g Fi(Computer)g(Ethics)g(and)f(Social)i(V)-7 b(alues,)2010 3962 y Fj(Prentice)19 b(Hall,)f(Engle)n(w)o(ood)h(Clif)n(fs,)e(Ne)n(w)h (Jerse)o(y)l(,)f(1995.)1950 4040 y Fa(\017)g Fj(Rob)g(Kling,)h Fi(Computerization)i(and)d(Contr)m(o)o(ver)o(sy:)24 b(V)-7 b(alue)17 b(Con\003icts)i(and)e(Social)i(Choices)2010 4119 y Fj(\(2nd)e(Edition\),)h(Academic)h(Press,)e(San)g(Die)o(go,)g (February)i(1996.)1950 4198 y Fa(\017)e Fj(Nanc)o(y)h(G.)e(Le)n(v)o (eson,)i Fi(Safe)o(war)n(e:)k(System)c(Safety)h(and)e(Computer)o(s,)h Fj(Addison-W)-5 b(esle)o(y)l(,)2010 4277 y(Reading,)19 b(Massachusetts,)f(1995.)1950 4356 y Fa(\017)f Fj(Jerry)g(Mander)m(,)h Fi(In)f(the)h(Absence)g(of)f(the)h(Sacr)n(ed:)k(The)17 b(F)-5 b(ailur)n(e)17 b(of)h(T)-6 b(ec)o(hnolo)o(gy)19 b(&)e(the)2010 4435 y(Survival)i(of)e(the)h(Indian)g(Nations,)g Fj(Sierra)g(Club)g(Books,)f(1991.)1950 4514 y Fa(\017)g Fj(Ste)n(v)o(en)i(E.)c(Miller)m(,)k Fi(Civilizing)h(Cyber)o(space:)k(P) -5 b(olicy)l(,)18 b(P)-5 b(ower)16 b(and)h(the)h(Information)2010 4592 y(Superhighway)l(,)i Fj(Addison-W)-5 b(esle)o(y)18 b(Publishing)h(Co.)i(and)c(A)m(CM)h(Press,)e(1996.)1950 4671 y Fa(\017)h Fj(Charles)h(Perro)n(w)l(,)f Fi(Normal)h(Accidents,)g Fj(Basic)h(Books,)e(NY)-9 b(,)16 b(1984.)1950 4750 y Fa(\017)h Fj(Charles)h(Perro)n(w)l(,)f Fi(Living)i(with)f(High)f(Risk)g (T)-6 b(ec)o(hnolo)o(gies,)20 b Fj(Princeton)f(Uni)n(v)o(ersity)g (Press,)2010 4829 y(1999.)1950 4908 y Fa(\017)e Fj(Charles)h(Perro)n(w) l(,)f(The)g(Ne)o(xt)h(Catastrophe:)24 b(Reducing)c(Our)c(V)-5 b(ulnerability)21 b(to)d(Natural,)2010 4987 y(Industrial,)h(and)e(T)-5 b(errorist)19 b(Disasters,)e Fi(Princeton)i(Univer)o(sity)h(Pr)n(ess,) 15 b Fj(2007.)21 b([See)d(PGN)2010 5066 y(minire)n(vie)n(w)i(in)d(\(R)g (24)g(65\).])1950 5145 y Fa(\017)g Fj(Iv)n(ars)h(Peterson,)g Fi(F)-5 b(atal)17 b(Defect:)23 b(Chasing)18 b(Killer)h(Computer)f (Bugs,)e Fj(T)n(imes)g(Books)2010 5223 y(\(Random)i(House\),)f(Ne)n(w)g (Y)-7 b(ork,)17 b(1995.)1950 5302 y Fa(\017)g Fj(Henry)g(Petroski,)h Fi(T)-6 b(o)17 b(Engineer)h(is)f(Human:)k(The)c(Role)h(of)f(F)-5 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b(1993:)22 b(Corrupted)d(Polling,)f(Rebecca)i(Mercuri)1950 147 y(Dec)e(1993:)j(A)c (W)-5 b(orld)17 b(Lit)g(by)g(Flame,)g(Peter)h(Denning)1950 226 y(.....Inside)e(Risks,)h(CA)m(CM)g(V)m(OLUME)f(37)h(number)h(1)f (through)h(12,)f(respecti)n(v)o(ely)j(\226)1950 305 y(Jan)d(1994:)22 b(Risks)17 b(in)h(A)-5 b(viation,)18 b(P)o(art)g(One,)f(Robert)h (Dorsett)1950 383 y(Feb)f(1994:)22 b(Risks)17 b(in)h(A)-5 b(viation,)18 b(P)o(art)g(T)-5 b(w)o(o,)16 b(Robert)i(Dorsett)1950 462 y(Mar)f(1994:)22 b(T)-5 b(echnology)l(,)19 b(La)o(ws,)d(and)h (Society)1950 541 y(Apr)g(1994:)22 b(Risks)17 b(of)g(P)o(assw)o(ords) 1950 620 y(May)g(1994:)22 b(Alternati)n(v)o(e)f(P)o(assw)o(ords)1950 699 y(Jun)c(1994:)22 b(Risks)17 b(on)g(the)h(Information)h(Superhighw)o (ay)1950 778 y(Jul)e(1994:)22 b(Questions)c(About)g(the)g(NII,)e (Barbara)j(Simons)1950 857 y(Aug)e(1994.)k(Friendly)e(Fire)1950 936 y(Sep)e(1994.)k(Expectations)f(of)d(Security)i(and)e(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o (y)1950 1014 y(Oct)h(1994.)j(The)16 b(V)-7 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b(Security)l(,)g(Edw)o(ard)g (Felten)1950 3696 y(May)f(1997.)k(The)c(Big)h(Picture)1950 3775 y(Jun)f(1997.)k(Spam,)16 b(Spam,)h(Spam!)k(PGN)16 b(and)i(Lauren)g(W)-5 b(einstein)1950 3854 y(Jul)17 b(1997.)k (Identity-Related)h(Risks)1950 3933 y(Aug)17 b(1997.)k(Crypto)d(K)n(e)o (y)g(Management)1950 4011 y(Sep)f(1997.)k(Softw)o(are)e(Engineering:)24 b(An)16 b(Unconsummated)j(Marriage,)g(Da)o(vid)e(Lor)o(ge)2010 4090 y(P)o(arnas,)g(P)-7 b(.Eng.)1950 4169 y(Oct)18 b(1997.)j(Inte)o (grity)e(in)e(Softw)o(are)i(De)n(v)o(elopment)1950 4248 y(No)o(v)e(1997.)k(Risks)c(of)g(T)-5 b(echnological)21 b(Remedy)l(,)c(Peter)h(Ladkin)1950 4327 y(Dec)g(1997.)j(More)c(System)g (De)n(v)o(elopment)j(W)-5 b(oes)1950 4406 y(.....Inside)16 b(Risks,)h(CA)m(CM)g(V)m(OLUME)f(41)h(number)h(1)f(through)h(12,)f (respecti)n(v)o(ely)j(\226)1950 4485 y(Jan)d(1998.)k(Protecting)f(the)e (Infrastructures)1950 4564 y(Feb)f(1998.)k(Internet)e(Gambling)1950 4642 y(Mar)e(1998.)k(Are)c(Computers)i(Addicti)n(v)o(e?)1950 4721 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(M.)1908 5896 y Fk(69)p eop end %%Page: 70 70 TeXDict begin 70 69 bop -330 -90 a Fj(Bello)o(vin)-390 -11 y(Feb)17 b(1999.)k(Rob)o(ust)d(Open-Source)h(Softw)o(are)-390 68 y(Mar)e(1999.)k(Bit-Rot)e(Roulette,)g(Lauren)f(W)-5 b(einstein)-390 147 y(Apr)17 b(1999.)k(A)16 b(Matter)j(of)e(Bandwidth,) i(Lauren)e(W)-5 b(einstein)-390 226 y(May)17 b(1999.)k(T)-5 b(en)18 b(Myths)f(about)h(Y2K)f(Inspections,)i(Da)o(vid)e(L.)f(P)o (arnas)-390 305 y(Jun)h(1999.)k(Risks)c(of)g(Y2K,)f(PGN)h(and)g(Declan) i(McCullagh)-390 383 y(Jul)e(1999.)k(Information)e(is)e(a)g (Double-Edged)i(Sw)o(ord)-390 462 y(Aug)e(1999.)k(Biometrics:)j(Uses)16 b(and)i(Ab)o(uses,)e(Bruce)i(Schneier)-390 541 y(Sep)f(1999.)k(The)c(T) n(rojan)g(Horse)h(Race,)g(Bruce)g(Schneier)-390 620 y(Oct)g(1999.)j (Risks)c(of)g(Relying)i(on)e(Cryptography)l(,)h(Bruce)g(Schneier)-390 699 y(No)o(v)f(1999.)k(Risks)c(of)g(Content)i(Filtering,)g(PGN)e(and)g (Lauren)h(W)-5 b(einstein)-390 778 y(Dec)18 b(1999.)j(Risks)c(of)g (Insiders)-390 857 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b(Automation)f(\(Early)g(and)g(Often?\),)g(Rebecca)h (Mercuri)-390 1803 y(Dec)f(2000.)j(Semantic)d(Netw)o(ork)h(Attacks,)f (Bruce)g(Schneier)-390 1882 y(.....Inside)e(Risks,)h(CA)m(CM)g(V)m (OLUME)f(44)h(number)h(1)f(through)h(12,)f(respecti)n(v)o(ely)j(\226) -390 1961 y(Jan)d(2001.)k(System)c(Inte)o(grity)j(Re)n(visited,)f (Rebecca)h(T)-5 b(.)16 b(Mercuri)i(and)g(PGN)-390 2040 y(Feb)f(2001.)k(What)d(to)f(Kno)n(w)g(About)h(Risks)-390 2119 y(Mar)f(2001.)k(Computers:)i(Boon)17 b(or)g(Bane?,)h(Da)o(vid)g (L.)e(P)o(arnas)i(and)f(PGN)-390 2197 y(Apr)g(2001.)k(Cyber)d (Underwriters)h(Lab?,)e(Bruce)h(Schneier)-390 2276 y(May)f(2001.)k(Be)d (Seeing)g(Y)-7 b(ou!,)17 b(Lauren)g(W)-5 b(einstein)-390 2355 y(Jun)17 b(2001.)k(PKI:)c(A)g(Question)h(of)f(T)n(rust)f(and)i(V) -7 b(alue,)17 b(Richard)i(F)o(orno)e(and)h(W)m(illiam)-330 2434 y(Feinbloom)-390 2513 y(Jul)f(2001.)k(Learning)e(from)d (Experience,)j(Jim)e(Horning)-390 2592 y(Aug)g(2001.)k(Risks)c(in)h 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k(Michael)e(Lesk)-390 4169 y(Feb)e(2003.)k(Gambling)e(on)e(System)g (Accountability)l(,)j(PGN)-390 4248 y(Mar)d(2003.)k(Risks)d(of)e(T)-5 b(otal)18 b(Surv)o(eillance,)i(Barbara)f(Simons)e(and)g(Eugene)h(H.)e (Spaf)n(ford)-390 4327 y(Apr)h(2003.)k(On)c(Sapphire)h(and)g(T)-5 b(ype-Safe)18 b(Languages,)g(Andre)n(w)g(Wright)-390 4406 y(May)f(2003.)k(Risks)d(of)f(Misinformation,)i(PGN)-390 4485 y(Jun)e(2003.)k(Re\003ections)e(on)e(T)n(rusting)h(T)n(rust)e(Re)n (visited,)k(Diomidis)e(Spinellis)-390 4564 y(Jul)f(2003.)k(Ho)n(w)c (Secure)i(Is)d(Secure)i(W)-5 b(eb)17 b(Bro)n(wsing?,)h(Albert)h(Le)n (vi)-390 4642 y(Aug)e(2003.)k(Spam)c(W)-5 b(ars,)16 b(Lauren)i(W)-5 b(einstein)-390 4721 y(Sep)17 b(2003.)k(Risks)d(in)f(T)n(rusting)g (Untrustw)o(orthiness,)j(PGN)-390 4800 y(Oct)e(2003.)j(Information)d (System)g(Security)h(Redux,)e(PGN)-390 4879 y(No)o(v)g(2003.)k (Security)e(by)e(Insecurity)l(,)h(Rebecca)i(Mercuri)f(and)e(PGN)-390 4958 y(Dec)h(2003.)j(The)16 b(De)n(vil)j(Y)-7 b(ou)17 b(Kno)n(w)l(,)f(Lauren)i(W)-5 b(einstein)-390 5037 y(.....Inside)16 b(Risks,)h(CA)m(CM)g(V)m(OLUME)f(47)h(number)h(1)f(through)h(12,)f (respecti)n(v)o(ely)j(\226)-390 5116 y(Jan)d(2004.)k(The)c(Myth)h(of)f (Homeland)h(Security)l(,)g(Marcus)g(J.)e(Ranum)-390 5195 y(Feb)h(2004.)k(Outsourced)e(and)f(Out)f(of)g(Control,)h(Lauren)g(W)-5 b(einstein)-390 5273 y(Mar)17 b(2004.)k(Risks)d(of)e(Monoculture,)k (Mark)d(Stamp)-390 5352 y(Apr)g(2004.)k(Coincidental)g(Risks,)c(Jim)f (Horning)-390 5431 y(May)h(2004.)k(Arti\002cal)e(Stupidity)l(,)g(Peter) f(and)f(Dorothy)h(Denning)-390 5510 y(Jun)f(2004.)k(Optimistic)e (Optimization,)h(PGN)-390 5589 y(Jul)d(2004.)k(Insider)d(Risks)f(in)h (Elections,)g(P)o(aul)g(K)n(ocher)g(and)f(Bruce)h(Schneier)1950 -90 y(Aug)f(2004.)k(Close)d(Exposures)f(of)g(the)h(Digital)h(Kind,)e (Lauren)h(W)-5 b(einstein)1950 -11 y(Sep)17 b(2004.)k(The)c(Big)h (Picture,)g(PGN)1950 68 y(Oct)g(2004.)j(The)16 b(Non-Security)k(of)d (Secrec)o(y)l(,)h(Bruce)g(Schneier)1950 147 y(No)o(v)f(2004.)k(Ev)n (aluation)f(of)d(V)-9 b(oting)18 b(Systems,)f(Poorvi)h(L.)d(V)-9 b(ora,)18 b(Benjamin)h(Adida,)e(Ren)2010 226 y(Bucholz,)h(Da)o(vid)g (Chaum,)f(Da)o(vid)g(L.)f(Dill,)h(Da)o(vid)h(Jef)n(ferson,)g(Douglas)g (W)-6 b(.)15 b(Jones,)i(W)m(illiam)2010 305 y(Lattin,)h(A)-5 b(viel)18 b(D.)e(Rubin,)i(Michael)h(I.)d(Shamos,)h(and)h(Moti)f(Y)-7 b(ung)1950 383 y(Dec)18 b(2004.)j(Spamming,)c(Phishing,)g (Authentication,)k(and)d(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)l(,)g(Ste)n(v)o(e)h(Bello)o (vin)1950 462 y(.....Inside)d(Risks,)h(CA)m(CM)g(V)m(OLUME)f(48)h (number)h(1)f(through)h(12,)f(respecti)n(v)o(ely)j(\226)1950 541 y(Jan)d(2005.)k(Not)c(T)-5 b(eaching)19 b(V)l(iruses)f(and)g(W)-5 b(orms)15 b(Is)i(Harmful,)g(Geor)o(ge)h(Ledin)g(Jr)1950 620 y(Feb)f(2005.)k(Responsibilities)g(of)c(T)-5 b(echnologists,)19 b(PGN)1950 699 y(Mar)e(2005.)k(Anticipating)g(Disasters,)d(PGN)1950 778 y(Apr)f(2005.)k(T)-5 b(w)o(o-F)o(actor)18 b(Authentication:)26 b(T)-5 b(oo)16 b(Little,)i(T)-5 b(oo)17 b(Late,)g(Bruce)h(Schneier)1950 857 y(May)f(2005.)k(Risks)d(of)f(Third-P)o(arty)h(Data,)g(Bruce)g (Schneier)1950 936 y(Jun)f(2005.)k(What)c(Lessons)g(Are)g(W)-5 b(e)17 b(T)-5 b(eaching?)23 b(Susan)17 b(Landau)1950 1014 y(Jul)g(2005.)k(DRM)c(and)h(Public)g(Polic)o(y)l(,)g(Edw)o(ard)f (W)-6 b(.)16 b(Felten)1950 1093 y(Aug)h(2005.)k(Disability-Related)i (Risks,)16 b(PGN)h(and)g(Michael)j(D.)c(Byrne)1950 1172 y(Sep)h(2005.)k(Risks)d(of)e(T)-5 b(echnology-Obli)n(vious)22 b(Polic)o(y)l(,)c(Barbara)h(Simons)e(and)g(Jim)g(Horning)1950 1251 y(Oct)h(2005.)j(The)16 b(Best-Laid)j(Plans:)j(A)17 b(Cautionary)i(T)-5 b(ale)18 b(for)f(De)n(v)o(elopers,)i(Lauren)e(W)-5 b(einstein)1950 1330 y(No)o(v)17 b(2005.)k(The)c(Real)h (National-Security)k(Needs)c(for)f(V)-9 b(oIP)i(,)16 b(Ste)n(v)o(en)j(Bello)o(vin,)g(Matt)f(Blaze,)2010 1409 y(and)g(Susan)f(Landau)1950 1488 y(Dec)h(2005.)j(W)m(ikipedia)e(Risks,) e(Peter)h(Denning,)g(Jim)f(Horning,)g(Da)o(vid)h(P)o(arnas,)f(and)h (Lauren)2010 1566 y(W)-5 b(einstein)1950 1645 y(.....Inside)16 b(Risks,)h(CA)m(CM)g(V)m(OLUME)f(49)h(number)h(1)f(through)h(12,)f (respecti)n(v)o(ely)j(\226)1950 1724 y(Jan)d(2006.)k(Softw)o(are)e(and) e(Higher)h(Education,)h(John)e(Knight)h(and)g(Nanc)o(y)g(Le)n(v)o(eson) 1950 1803 y(Feb)f(2006.)k(T)n(rustw)o(orthy)d(Systems)f(Re)n(visited,)i (PGN)1950 1882 y(Mar)e(2006.)k(Pri)n(v)n(ac)o(y)e(Risks)f(Re)n (visited,)h(Marc)f(Rotenber)o(g)1950 1961 y(Apr)f(2006.)k(F)o(ak)o(e)d (ID:)f(Batteries)j(Not)d(Included,)i(Lauren)e(W)-5 b(einstein)1950 2040 y(May)17 b(2006.)k(Risks)d(of)f(RFID,)f(PGN)g(and)i(Lauren)g(W)-5 b(einstein)1950 2119 y(Jun)17 b(2006.)k(EHRs:)g(Electronic)e(Health)g (Records)f(or)f(Exceptional)j(Hidden)e(Risks?)k(Robert)2010 2197 y(Charette)1950 2276 y(Aug)17 b(2006.)k(Risks)c(of)g(Online)i (Storage,)f(Ari)f(Schw)o(artz,)i(Deirdre)f(Mulligan,)g(and)g(Indrani) 2010 2355 y(Mondal)1950 2434 y(Sep)f(2006.)k(The)c(F)o(oresight)i (Saga,)e(PGN)1950 2513 y(Oct)h(2006.)j(V)l(irtual)d(Machines,)h(V)l (irtual)g(Security)l(,)f(Ste)n(v)o(en)h(Bello)o(vin)1950 2592 y(No)o(v)e(2006.)k(CO)m(TS)c(and)g(Other)h(Electronic)i(V)-9 b(oting)18 b(Backdoors,)g(Rebecca)i(T)-5 b(.)16 b(Mercuri,)2010 2671 y(V)l(incent)j(J.)d(Lipsio,)h(and)g(Beth)h(Feehan)1950 2750 y(Dec)g(2006.)j(Liability)e(Risks)e(with)h(Reusing)g(Third-P)o (arty)h(Softw)o(are,)f(W)m(illiam)h(Hasselbring,)2010 2828 y(Matthias)g(Rohr)m(,)e(J\374r)o(gen)h(T)-5 b(ae)o(ger)m(,)18 b(and)f(Daniel)i(W)m(inteler)1950 2907 y(.....Inside)d(Risks,)h(CA)m (CM)g(V)m(OLUME)f(50)h(number)h(1)f(through)h(12,)f(respecti)n(v)o(ely) j(\226)1950 2986 y(Jan)d(2007.)k(Ma)c(Bell')l(s)i(Re)n(v)o(enge:)24 b(The)17 b(Battle)i(for)e(Netw)o(ork)h(Neutrality)l(,)h(Lauren)f(W)-5 b(einstein)1950 3065 y(Feb)17 b(2007.)k(W)m(idespread)e(Netw)o(ork)g(F) o(ailures,)f(PGN)1950 3144 y(Mar)f(2007.)k(Risks)d(of)e(Risk-Based)j (Security)l(,)g(Donn)e(P)o(ark)o(er)1950 3223 y(Apr)g(2007.)k(Risks)c (of)g(V)l(irtual)i(Professionalism,)f(Jim)f(Horning)1950 3302 y(May)g(2007.)k(The)c(Psychology)i(of)e(Security)l(,)h(Bruce)g (Schneier)1950 3381 y(Jun)f(2007.)k(K)n(eeping)e(the)f(F)o(orest)f(in)h (V)l(ie)n(w)l(,)f(Peter)h(A.)e(Freeman)1950 3459 y(Jul)h(2007.)k(The)c (Ne)o(xt)h(Catastrophe\(s\),)h(Charles)g(Perro)n(w)1950 3538 y(Aug)e(2007.)k(Which)d(is)f(Riskier:)23 b(OS)16 b(Di)n(v)o(ersity)j(or)e(OS)g(Monopoly)l(,)g(Da)o(v)o(e)h(P)o(arnas) 1950 3617 y(Sep)f(2007)h(E-migrating)g(Risks,)f(PGN)1950 3696 y(Oct)h(2007)f(T)-5 b(o)n(w)o(ard)17 b(a)h(Safer)f(and)h(More)f (Secure)i(Cyberspace,)g(Herbert)f(S.)e(Lin,)h(Alfred)h(Z.)2010 3775 y(Spector)m(,)g(PGN,)e(and)i(Se)o(ymour)f(E.)f(Goodman)1950 3854 y(No)o(v)h(2007)g(Risks)h(of)f(E-v)o(oting,)g(Matt)h(Bishop)g(and) f(Da)o(vid)h(W)-5 b(agner)1950 3933 y(Dec)18 b(2007)f(Internal)i(Surv)o (eillance,)h(External)f(Risks,)e(Ste)n(v)o(en)i(M.)d(Bello)o(vin,)j (Matt)f(Blaze,)2010 4011 y(Whit\002eld)h(Dif)n(\002e,)e(Susan)g (Landau,)h(Jennifer)g(Re)o(xford,)g(Peter)g(G.)e(Neumann)1950 4090 y(.....Inside)g(Risks,)h(CA)m(CM)g(V)m(OLUME)f(51)h(number)h(1)f (through)h(6,)e(respecti)n(v)o(ely)21 b(\226)1950 4169 y(Jan)c(2008)h(The)e(Psychology)j(of)e(Risks,)g(Leonard)h(Ze)o(gans) 1950 4248 y(Jan)f(2008)h(Re\003ections)h(on)e(Computer)o(-Related)k (Risks,)c(PGN)f([Essay)h(for)g(5200th)2010 4327 y(Anni)n(v)o(ersary)l (,)i(not)e(an)g(Inside)h(Risks)f(column)h(per)g(se,)e(b)o(ut)h(a)h (metacolumn])1950 4406 y(Feb)f(2008)h(Softw)o(are)g(T)n(ransparenc)o(y) h(and)f(Purity)l(,)f(P)o(ascal)h(Meunier)1950 4485 y(Mar)f(2008)h(W)m (ireless)g(Sensor)f(Netw)o(orks)i(and)e(the)h(Risks)f(of)g(V)l (igilance,)i(Xiaoming)g(Lu)d(and)2010 4564 y(Geor)o(ge)i(Ledin)f(Jr) 1950 4642 y(Apr)g(2008)g(A)g(Current)h(Af)n(f)o(air)m(,)h(Lauren)f(W)-5 b(einstein)1950 4721 y(May)17 b(2008)h(The)f(Physical)h(W)-5 b(orld)17 b(and)h(the)f(Real)i(W)-5 b(orld,)16 b(Ste)n(v)o(en)j(M.)d (Bello)o(vin)1950 4800 y(Jun)h(2008)g(Risks)h(of)e(Ne)o(glecting)21 b(Infrastructure,)e(Jim)e(Horning)h(and)f(PGN)1950 4879 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