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# 25. Graphical User Interfaces with Tk

Tk/Tcl has long been an integral part of Python. It provides a robust and platform independent windowing toolkit, that is available to Python programmers using the `tkinter` package, and its extension, the `tkinter.tix` and the `tkinter.ttk` modules.

The `tkinter` package is a thin object-oriented layer on top of Tcl/Tk. To use `tkinter`, you don’t need to write Tcl code, but you will need to consult the Tk documentation, and occasionally the Tcl documentation. `tkinter` is a set of wrappers that implement the Tk widgets as Python classes. In addition, the internal module `_tkinter` provides a threadsafe mechanism which allows Python and Tcl to interact.

`tkinter`‘s chief virtues are that it is fast, and that it usually comes bundled with Python. Although its standard documentation is weak, good material is available, which includes: references, tutorials, a book and others. `tkinter` is also famous for having an outdated look and feel, which has been vastly improved in Tk 8.5. Nevertheless, there are many other GUI libraries that you could be interested in. For more information about alternatives, see the Other Graphical User Interface Packages section.

- 25.1. `tkinter` — Python interface to Tcl/Tk
  - 25.1.1. Tkinter Modules
  - 25.1.2. Tkinter Life Preserver
    - 25.1.2.1. How To Use This Section
    - 25.1.2.2. A Simple Hello World Program
  - 25.1.3. A (Very) Quick Look at Tcl/Tk
  - 25.1.4. Mapping Basic Tk into Tkinter
  - 25.1.5. How Tk and Tkinter are Related
  - 25.1.6. Handy Reference
    - 25.1.6.1. Setting Options
    - 25.1.6.2. The Packer
    - 25.1.6.3. Packer Options
    - 25.1.6.4. Coupling Widget Variables
    - 25.1.6.5. The Window Manager
    - 25.1.6.6. Tk Option Data Types
    - 25.1.6.7. Bindings and Events
    - 25.1.6.8. The index Parameter
    - 25.1.6.9. Images
- 25.2. `tkinter.ttk` — Tk themed widgets
  - 25.2.1. Using Ttk
  - 25.2.2. Ttk Widgets
  - 25.2.3. Widget
    - 25.2.3.1. Standard Options
    - 25.2.3.2. Scrollable Widget Options
    - 25.2.3.3. Label Options
    - 25.2.3.4. Compatibility Options
    - 25.2.3.5. Widget States
    - 25.2.3.6. ttk.Widget
  - 25.2.4. Combobox
    - 25.2.4.1. Options
    - 25.2.4.2. Virtual events
    - 25.2.4.3. ttk.Combobox
  - 25.2.5. Notebook
    - 25.2.5.1. Options
    - 25.2.5.2. Tab Options
    - 25.2.5.3. Tab Identifiers
    - 25.2.5.4. Virtual Events
    - 25.2.5.5. ttk.Notebook
  - 25.2.6. Progressbar
    - 25.2.6.1. Options
    - 25.2.6.2. ttk.Progressbar
  - 25.2.7. Separator
    - 25.2.7.1. Options
  - 25.2.8. Sizegrip
    - 25.2.8.1. Platform-specific notes
    - 25.2.8.2. Bugs
  - 25.2.9. Treeview
    - 25.2.9.1. Options
    - 25.2.9.2. Item Options
    - 25.2.9.3. Tag Options
    - 25.2.9.4. Column Identifiers
    - 25.2.9.5. Virtual Events
    - 25.2.9.6. ttk.Treeview
  - 25.2.10. Ttk Styling
    - 25.2.10.1. Layouts
- 25.3. `tkinter.tix` — Extension widgets for Tk
  - 25.3.1. Using Tix
  - 25.3.2. Tix Widgets
    - 25.3.2.1. Basic Widgets
    - 25.3.2.2. File Selectors
    - 25.3.2.3. Hierarchical ListBox
    - 25.3.2.4. Tabular ListBox
    - 25.3.2.5. Manager Widgets
    - 25.3.2.6. Image Types
    - 25.3.2.7. Miscellaneous Widgets
    - 25.3.2.8. Form Geometry Manager
  - 25.3.3. Tix Commands
- 25.4. `tkinter.scrolledtext` — Scrolled Text Widget
- 25.5. IDLE
  - 25.5.1. Menus
    - 25.5.1.1. File menu
    - 25.5.1.2. Edit menu
    - 25.5.1.3. Windows menu
    - 25.5.1.4. Debug menu
    - 25.5.1.5. Edit context menu
    - 25.5.1.6. Shell context menu
  - 25.5.2. Basic editing and navigation
    - 25.5.2.1. Automatic indentation
    - 25.5.2.2. Python Shell window
  - 25.5.3. Syntax colors
  - 25.5.4. Startup
    - 25.5.4.1. Command line usage
- 25.6. Other Graphical User Interface Packages

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