Extra K Documentation --------------------- PART 1 by The Ghost of The Atlanta Crackers BBS/AE (404)449-5986 1200 Baud - 40 Megs HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: Apple //c or a 128k Apple //e (with an extended 80 column card; the standard 80 column card won't do). Extra K cannot access more than 128k. THE PROGRAMS EXPLAINED: ---------------------------- AUX.MEM.CHECK (DOS 3.3 only) ---------------------------- DOS 3.3 CHECK FOR 128k If you are writing EXTRA K programs that are to be used on Apples other than your own, your programs should check to see what kind of Apple is being used. AUX.MEM.CHECK is a small machine language program that determines whether or not auxiliary memory is present in an Apple using DOS 3.3 (see PRO DOS below). AUX.MEM.CHECK will return the following value in memory location 6: 0($00): Not a //e 32($20): //e but no 80 column card 64($40): 64k //e with 80 column card (no auxiliary memory) 128($80): Apple //c or 128k //e After a "BRUN AUX.MEM.CHECK" command, you can PRINT PEEK(6) to check for one of the values above. AUX.MEM.CHECK is used in EXTRA K's DOS 3.3 STARTUP program to make sure that a 128k Apple is being used. Here's one way you could use it in your programs: 10 PRINT CHR$ (4) "BRUN AUX.MEM.CHECK" 20 IF PEEK (6) < 128 THEN PRINT "INSUFFICIENT MEMORY": END 30 REM PROGRAM CONTINUES.... PRO DOS 128k CHECK With PRO DOS, the AUX.MEM.CHECK program itself is not necessary, thanks to PRO DOS location 49048 ($BF98). Use the following 128k check: 100 A = PEEK (49048): IF A < 128 THEN PRINT "NOT IIE OR IIC": END 110 A = A - 128: IF A > = 64 THE PRINT "APPLE III": END 120 IF A < 48 THEN PRINT "NOT 128K": END 130 REM PROGRAM CONTINUES..... -------------- DISCONNECT.RAM (ProDOS only) -------------- When PRO DOS boots on a 128k Apple, it automatically creates a "RAM disk" in Auxiliary memory with the volume name "/RAM". Because of memory conflicts, /RAM should be removed before any of EXTRA K's programs are used. Type "-DISCONNECT.RAM" from the keyboard, or use the following line from within an Applesoft program: 10 PRINT CHR$(4)"-DISCONNECT.RAM" To reconnect /RAM, you will need to reboot. -When to use it: You must execute the DISCONNECT.RAM program once after booting ProDOS and before using any of Extra K's programs. Extra K's ProDOS STARTUP program automatically executes DISCONNECT.RAM for you, so you will only need to use DISCONNECT.RAM if you are booting a disk other than Extra K. -What's a ram disk:A RAM disk is a memory-based disk drive. To prove that ProDOS's RAM disk exists, boot a ProDOS disk other than Extra K, load an Applesoft Program (the bigger the better) and type"SAVE/RAM/PROGRAM". Now type "CATALOG/RAM". Now type "NEW" followed by "LOAD/RAM/PROGRAM" and "LIST". You take it from there. Futher instructions appear in Apple's ProDOS manuals. ------------ DISK.COMPARE ------------ DISK.COMPARE is a program that compares disks. In only 2 or 3 passes, it will give you a report on each corresponding track and sector (DOS 3.3) or track and block (ProDOS), indicating if they are identical or not. Use this program to find out if any changes have been made to a recently copied disk by comparing the copy with the master. It will work with DOS 3.3, ProDOS, Pascal, or CP/M disks. It won't work with copy-protected disks, but it will usually compare the unprotected disks that they store data on. It will not interfere with Beagle Bros (or most others) utilities in memory (GPLE,DOUBLE-TAKE,BEAGLE BASIC,etc), but anything in auxiliary memory will undoubtedly be over-written. -How to use it: Selete DISK.COMPARE from the Extra K boot-up menu or type "RUN DISK.COMPARE". The title screen will appear and you will be prompted to enter the slot and drive numbers for disk 1 and 2. Press return to accept the default values shown on the screen or change them to any legal slot and drive by entering the appropriate number. If you make a mistake, just press ESC to back up. It will work with 1 drive. DISK.COMPARE OPTIONS: After you've entered the info for te slots and drives, you will be shown the comparison screen with the compare options. Press ESC if you want to go back and change or verify the slot and drive numbers. COMPARE OPTION- Press "C" to start comparing disks. You will then be asked to insert the appropiate disk or disks. At this point you can press RETURN to begin comparison or ESC to make another selection. During the comparison, the map on the screen will indicate the state of each block or sector being compared. A dot (".") means the sectors or blocks are identical, and an "X" means they are different by at least one byte. DEC OPTION- Press "D" to display the track/sector/block numbers on the border of the disk map in decimal, If an error occurs during a comparison, the slot,drive, track,and sector or block will be given in decimal also.(Decimal is the default setting.) HEX OPTION- Pressing "H" will change the track/sector/block numbers to hexadecimal. Any errors during a comparsion will be indicated in hex as well. To change the default setting to hex, see "CHANGING THE DEFAULT SETTINGS". PRINT OPTION- Pressing "P" will print a hard copy of the last disk comparison. You will be prompted to input your printer's slot or press return to select the default. If you decide not to print the screen, press ESC to see the previous menu. QUIT- Pressing "Q" will exit DISK.COMPARE and return you to Applesoft. If you quit accidently, type "RUN" to restart the program. DISK.COMPARE ERROR MESSAGES: If something happens to go wrong, you will see one of the following messages, designating the Slot, Drive,and Block (or Track/Sector) where the problem occured. ERROR: (S#,D#,TR=##,SEC=##),CONTINUE? (DOS 3.3) ERROR: (S#,D#,BLOCK=##),CONTINUE? (ProDOS) Press "Y" to continue or "N" to quit. CHANGING THE DISK.COMPARE DEFAULT SETTINGS: You can set the defaults to one drive (normal is 2) and/or hex (normal is decimal). Load DISK.COMPARE, for one drive change line 5 by variable D2. Change "D2=2" to "D2=1". To change the track/sector listing to hex, change line 6 from "GOSUB 10" to "GOSUB 12". --------- DISK.COPY --------- DISK.COPY is a fast disk duplication program. If you need instructions, you need help. It will not destroy utilities in main memory. ----------- DISK.FORMAT ----------- DISK.FORMAT is a program for creating ProDOS disks. It performs the same function as the DOS 3.3 INIT command, except that no files are stored on the disk. It is easier to use than the formatter included with ProDOS because it can be run from Applesoft without disturbing utilities in memory. Each disk created with DISK.FORMAT will be named "/BLANK". You can rename a ProDOS disk with the Rename command. Foe example,type "RENAME/BLANK,/GOOD.DISK". Don't forget the slashes. Commands: C = Change Slot and Drive F = Format Disk Q = Quit ----------- EXTRA.APPLE ----------- EXTRA.APPLE is a program that makes your 128k Apple //e or //c work like two seperate 64k computers. They don't even have to be running under the same DOS. You can switch back and forth between these two Apples in about three seconds. Everything (including data,programs,pictures,variables, registers,and so on) is left unaltered. There is no "concurrent processing"; only one program can be running at a time. Each 64k machine,when selected, has the undivided attention of the microprocessor. EXTRA.APPLE can be used with any unprotected program or package that does not use the auxiliary memory and doesn't have to be booted to be used. USING EXTRA.APPLE- The simplest way to install EXTRA.APPLE is to type "BRUN EXTRA.APPLE". After it loads,type "CALL 600". This Call will copy everything in main memory over to auxiliary memory. Now you are using APPLE1 (64k) in main memory, with APPLE2 (64k) hidden in auxiliary memory. You can switch back and forth between APPLE1 and APPLE2 by typing "CALL 769". Switching may be done in immediate mode of from within a running program. ALTERNATE SWITCHING METHODS- There are three different ways to switch between APPLE1 and APPLE2. Use the method that works best with the programs you are using. #1- CALL 769 is the perferred way to switch between APPLE1 and APPLE2. It works when EXTRA.APPLE is loaded in this procedure: ]BRUN EXTRA.APPLE ]CALL 600 #2- & will make the switch if you load EXTRA.APPLE with this procedure: ]BRUN EXTRA.APPLE ]CALL 733 ]CALL 600 note: don't use this method with a program that also uses the ampersand vector. #3- CONTROL-Z will make the switch if you load with this procedure: ]BRUN EXTRA.APPLE ]CALL 744 ]CALL 600 note: don't use this method with a program that also uses the input hook. To find out which Apple you are currently using, type "PRINT PEEK(768).The answer (1 or 2) will appear on the screen. DIFFERENT DOS'S FOR YOUR TWO APPLES: When you first install EXTRA.APPLE you will have the same DOS in both APPLE1 and APPLE2. To set up EXTRA.APPLE with two different DOS'S, follow these steps carefully: 1. Make a hybrid (double-DOS) disk using HYBRID CREATE (see that section) 2. Create a dual-boot disk (also under HYBRID,CREATE section) 3. Add these three files to the ProDOS half of your hybrid disk. -> DISCONNECT.RAM (from te ProDOS side) -> EXTRA.APPLE (from te ProDOS side) -> The follwoing ProDOS STARTUP program: 10 PRINT CHR$ (4) "-DISCONNECT.RAM": REM free aux memory 20 PRINT CHR$ (4) "-EXTRA.APPLE": REM load routines 30 REM set-up ampersand w/CALL 733 and/or CONTROL-Z w/ CALL 744 40 CALL 600: REM set-up APPLE2 by copying main mem to aux mem 50 IF PEEK (768) = 1 THEN PRINT CHR$ (4) "-DOS.SYSTEM": REM boot DOS 3.3 and run HELLO program 60 HOME : PRINT CHR$ (4)"CAT": REM or anything you want 4. Add the following files to the DOS 3.3 half of your hybrid disk: -> EXTRA.APPLE (from the DOS 3.3 side) -> The following DOS 3.3 HELLO program: 10 PRINT CHR$ (4) "BRUN EXTRA.APPLE": REM load routines 20 REM set up ampersand w/ CALL 733 and/or CONTROL-Z w/ CALL 744 30 HOME : PRINT CHR$ (4) "CATALOG": REM or anything you want Your hybrid disk should now have these teo catalogs: PRODOS HALF: /DOUBLE.DOS.DISK NAME TYPE BLOCKS MODIFIED *PRODOS SYS 30 15-MAY-85 *BASIC.SYSTEM SYS 21 15-MAY-85 *DOS.SYSTEM SYS 19 15-MAY-85 *STARTUP BAS 1 15-MAY-85 *DISCONNECT.RAM BIN 1 15-MAY-85 *EXTRA.APPLE BIN 1 15-MAY-85 BLOCKS FREE: 200 BLOCKS USED: 80 DOS 3.3 HALF: DISK VOLUME 254 *002 A HELLO *002 B EXTRA.APPLE When you boot this disk, ProDOS is loaded into main memory (APPLE1) and STARTUPUP is run. The CALL 600 in line 40 sets up a ProDOS APPLE2 in auxiliary memory and puts an exact copy of the running STARTUP program there. Line 50 loads DOS 3.3 into main memory (APPLE1) and HELLO is run. When HELLO finishes, you will be left in immediate mode in APPLE1. When you switch to APPLE2, STARTUP will continue running right after the CALL 600 (the point where APPLE2 execution last stopped). The IF statement in line 50 won't be executed and the program will be continue. The STARTUP and HELLO programs above are flexible, and can be altered to suit your needs. 40/80 COLUMN PROBLEMS- You should use the same screen mode for both APPLE1 and APPLE2. RECONNECTING EXTRA.APPLE- If EXTRA.APPLE becomes disconnected (you'll know because te switching commands won't work), you can re-connect it in seceral ways: IF YOU'RE USING CALL 769 FOR SWITCHING APPLES: Type "BRUN EXTRA.APPLE". Don't CALL 600 IF YOU'RE USING "&" FOR SWITCHING: POKE 1013,76, POKE 1014,1 and POKE 1015,3 and try switching Apples. If this doesn't work, BRUN EXTRA.APPLE and CALL 733. Don't CALL 600. IF YOU'RE USING CONTROL-Z FOR SWITCHING: Under DOS 3.3: CALL 963 (or CONTROL-RESET if you're in 40-columns) and try switching Apples. If this doesn't work, BRUN EXTRA.APPLE and CALL 744. Under ProDOS: POKE 48690,171 and POKE 48691,3 (or CONTROL-RESET if you're in 40-columns) and try switching. If this doesn't work, BRUN EXTRA.APPLE and CALL 744. USING EXTRA.APPLE WITH OTHER UTILITIES- EXTRA.APPLE works with programs which don't use auxiliary memory or page 3 (from $300-$3CF). If you're using the same DOS in both Apples, you can run utilities like GPLE and DOUBLE-TAKE before you load EXTRA.APPLE. After you copy main memory to auxiliary memory (CALL 600) the utilities will work in both Apples. With a dual DOS setup, you'll have to load the utilities separately for each Apple. If you should accidently overwrite EXTRA.APPLE (it resides in page 3 from $300 to around $3cf), you can BRUN EXTRA.APPLE the next time you want to switch, and no harm will be done. If you're using APPLE2 when this happens, POKE 768,2. -------- TRANSFER -------- TRANSFER is a program for quickly copying Applesoft programs or binary files (not text files) between APPLE1 and APPLE2. TRANSFER is useful when using DOS 3.3 in one Apple and ProDOS in the other. Instead of using Apple's CONVERT program, you can transfer a file from one DOS to another in a few seconds and immediately save it on disk. USING TRANSFER-It may be used from either APPLE as long as it is present on the current disk. Just BRUN TRANSFER to install it above HIMEN. You may exit TRANSFER by using ESC. To rerun it, type "CALL 10". TRANSFERING APPLESOFT PROGRAMS-Press "A" to duplicate the Applesoft program currently in active memory. NOTE: Don't use TRANSFER if you switched from a running program to the current Apple. When you BRUN TRANSFER and the Applesoft program in memory is extremely long, you may have to exit TRANSFER and reload the Applesoft program. (Use CALL 10 to re-enter TRANSFER.) TRANSFERING BINARY FILES-Press "B" to load a binary file from disk into the current Apple, and then copy it into the other Apple. You may also specify the address where you want it to load. The file will be loaded and the hex values for the file's starting address (A$), length (L$), and ending address (E$) will be printed on the screen as it is copied to the other APPLE. Use these values to save the file under the new DOS. For example, if TRANSFER prints "A$6000,L$100,E$60FF" you can save the file as shown: First: Any DOS; Type "CALL 769" to switch to the other APPLE Then: DOS 3.3; Type "BSAVE FILE,A$6000,L$100" ProDOS; Type "BSAVE FILE,A$6000,L$100" or "BSAVE FILE,A$6000,E$60FF" LIMITATIONS-You cannot directly transfer binary files which load above HIMEN. If the computer locks up,you probably loaded a file over the TRANSFER routine. (> Extra K Documentation --------------------- PART 2 by The Ghost of The Atlanta Crackers BBS/AE (404)449-5986 1200 Baud - 40 Megs HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: Apple //c or a 128k Apple //e (with an extended 80 column card; the standard 80 column card won't do). Extra K cannot access more than 128k. THE PROGRAMS EXPLAINED: ------------- EXTRA.SCREENS ------------- EXTRA.SCREENS is a program which allows you to rapidly display full or partial text and graphics screens. A large number of screens may be loaded from disk and stored in auxiliary memory. From there, any screen may almost-instantly be brought into view. SCREENS.DEMO shows you how this program works. EXTRA.SCREEN COMMANDS: (after BRUNning EXTRA.SCREENS) &SAVE.....lets you save a screen into auxiliary memory. &LOAD.....lets you load a screen from auxiliary memory into view. &RECALL...lets you load a screen file from disk into aux. memory. &STORE....lets you save all aux. memory screens to a file on disk. &LIST.....lets you "catalog" the screens in aux. memory. &CALL.....lets you rename any screen in aux. memory. &DEL......lets you erase an individual screen from aux. memory. &CLEAR....lets you erase all screens from aux. memory. &FRE......lets you see how much aux. memory is free. After EXTRA.SCREENS is installed, these commands are available from the keyboard or from your Applesoft programs. To remove EXTRA.SCREENS type "FP" (under DOS 3.3) or "-FP" (under ProDOS with EXTRA K disk in drive). Any screens stored in aux.memory will be lost. ------------ SCREENS.CROP ------------ SCREENS.CROP is a program for cropping EXTRA.SCREENS text or graphics screens. RUN SCREENS.CROP, exisiting screens in aux.memory will not be disturbed. Press ESC to return to basic, or select one of the options from the menu on the screen. 1-LOAD HI-RES SCREEN FROM DISK 2-SAVE SCREEN TO MEMORY 3-CROP SCREEN the following keys control cropping: L,R,T,B: Left,Right,Top,Bottom--the side of the rectangle that will be moved with the arrow keys. ARROW KEYS-On graphics screens, the sides will jump 7 pixels(screen dots at a time. ESC-resets the rectangle to the outer border of the screen. RETURN-when you're finished with cropping, this gets you back to the menu. 4-LOAD SCREENS FROM MEMORY 5-LIST SCREENS IN MEMORY (if you notice a file named "ZZZZ", ignore it It is a temporary screen storage file) 6-CLEAR VIEWING SCREEN --------------- EXTRA.VARIABLES --------------- A program which increases the memory available to Applesoft programs by storing all variables in aux.memory, leaving main memory free for your programs.To install this program, just "BRUN EXTRA.VARIABLES" DIFFERENCES- EXTRA.VARIABLES is transparent to Applesoft. The only commands affected are FRE,LOMEM,and HIMEM: FRE: FRE works according to the number you use inside the paraentheses; ]PRINT FRE(-1) (or any negative number) to print the number of bytes available for your program (in main memory) ]PRINT FRE(0) to print the amount of free variable space (in aux.memory) without doing a garbage collection. ]PRINT FRE(1) (or any positive number) to print the amount of free variable space and do a garbage collection. LOMEM:and HIMEM: With EXTRA.VARIABLES installed, these commands set the variables in auxiliary memory instead of main memory. Ignore LOMEN and HIMEM unless you are using hi-res graphics or machine language programs run in auxiaiary memory. If you need to change the values of LOMEN or HIMEM in main memory, POKE the values directly. Note: The command CHAIN will not work with this program. ----------- EXTRA.STORE ----------- A program that "patches" BASIC.SYSTEM so that ProDOS's STORE AND RESTORE commands works properly with variables stored in aux. memory by EXTRA.VARIABLES. With EXTRA.VARIABLES in memory, type "BRUN EXTRA.STORE". That's all there is to it. ---------------- FP (ProDOS only) ---------------- A program that gives ProDOS the equivalent of DOS 3.3's FP command. ------------- HYBRID.CREATE ------------- A program that reformats a disk so it becomes half DOS 3.3 and half ProDOS. You will be able to access the files corresponding to the last DOS booted. You can even boot the DOS of your choice from the same disk. This program requires a disk previously formatted in either DOS. It will not work on a blank unformatted disk! After "RUN HYBRID.CREATE", press "C" to start the process or ESC if you change your mind. Type "Q" to quit. MAKING A DISK ProDOS BOOTABLE- New hybrid disk are data disks only. To make it bootable, transfer the files; PRODOS,BASIC.SYSTEM,AND STARTUP to it. You can rewrite STARTUP to anything you like as this is the same as a DOS 3.3 HELLO program. CREATING A DUAL-BOOT DISK First make it ProDOS bootable as explained above. It must also have an additional file DOS.SYSTEM on the ProDOS half and a HELLO program on the DOS 3.3 half. Follwoing these steps: 1- Use HYBRID CREATE to make a hybrid data disk. 2- Transfer the three files PRODOS,BASIC.SYSTEM,AND DOS.SYSTEM from the EXTRA K disk to your hybrid data disk. 3- Type "NEW" and enter this sample STARTUP program: 10 HOME: VTAB 8 20 HTAB13: PRINT"D-DOS 3.3" 30 PRINT: HTAB 17: PRINT"OR":PRINT 40 HTAB 13:PRINT"P-PRODOS" 50 PRINT: HTAB13:PRINT"SELECT;"; 60 GET A$: ON A$ <> "D" AND A$ <> "P" GOTO 60: PRINT A$ 70 IF A$ = "D" THEN PRINT CHR$(4)"-DOS.SYSTEM" 80 PRINT CHR$(4)"CAT" 4- Save this program as "STARTUP" (on ProDOS half). 5- Now boot DOS 3.3 and make a HELLO file for the DOS 3.3 half. That's it. --------------------- LOGBOOK (ProDOS only) --------------------- This program keeps a visual history of your work. While it is active, every character printed to the text screen is simultaneously saved in auxiliary memory for easy recall. If memory capacity is reached (more than 47,000 characters), the earliest characters are replaced by new information. COMMANDS:Once it is loaded, you can connect it with a PR#0 or PR#3 command. Several commands will disconnect it; CONTROL-RESET,ESC-CONTROL-Q,ESC-4, ESC-8, or PR#x (where x is not 0 or 3). CONTROL Q will quit storing information. CONTROL R will reactivate it. CONTROL V allows you to view the contents of the LOGBOOK. To see you logbook, enter "Look Mode". ESC or CONTROL C will exit the Look Mode. The following commands work while in Look Mode: DOWN-ARROW = Scroll down one full page. RIGHT-ARROW = Scrool down one line. UP-ARROW = Scrool up one ful page. LEFT-ARROW = Scrool up one line. B = Jump to the beginning of the logbook. E = Jump to the end of the logbook. F = Find something. You will be prompted with "FIND:" to type the characters you wish to search for. A beep tells you they were not found. If a match is found, the line containing the match will be at the top of the screen. Press RETURN to continue the search. M = Mark line for future reference CONTROL-Z Will zap the logbook of all information. To remove it just run the FP program. ----------------- PEEK.AND.POKE and PEEK.AND.POKE.X ----------------- These two programs install routines that let you Peek and Poke aux. memory using two new ampersand commands, &PEEK and &POKE. PEEK.AND.POKE works with normal Applesoft. PEEK.AND.POKE.X is compatiable with the EXTRA.VARIABLES program. USING THE NEW COMMANDS- &POKE address, expression [,bank] &PEEK address,variable [,bank] To remove these programs "FP" from DOS 3.3, or "-FP" from ProDOS" ------- SPOOLER (ProDOS and Apple //c only) ------- SPOOLER works with the //c only. SPOOLER works with standard printer slot 1 only. SPOOLER requires ProDOS 1.1.0 or later. SPOOLER won't work with any word processor. This program lets //c owners use the extra 64k as a printer buffer. To install type "-SPOOLER" after it's loaded, you will be prompted with two messages which are self explainatory. SPOOLER COMMANDS- once it is loaded, you enter the programming mode by pressing both of the Apple keys (each side of the space bar) simultaneously. A "SPOOLER COMMAND: " prompt will be given. Select one of the following commands: C = CLEAR SPACE BAR = Pause / Resume Q = Quit Note: activating a mouse will turn off SPOOLER. Always exit SPOOLER by selecting the "Q" option, or by executing FP. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- This DOC file brought to you by THE GHOST of The Atlanta Crackers 300/1200 baud BBS & AE 40 megs on-line (404)449-5986 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- (> .