Note: I misread the question - revision next. You have been
   given the gift of moving to a new planet with primitive
   intelligent life and are in a position to influence the future
   of their inhabitants by choosing and taking only one of each of
   the following: 1.A philosophers entire work 2.A country's entire
   history 3.An artists entire masterpieces 4.A musicians entire
   work 5.A writers entire literature.
   As always, support your work with reasons.
   My answer: A writer's entire literature.
   Why?
   Stories.
   People are more quickly inspired by example, either for or
   against and digest more readily things that are relateable.

   Even a bad author will teach things about life and give models
   for people to form after or against.

   Multiple competing philosophies can be embedded within a
   characters words and actions. Even non-fiction talks about
   people.

   I wanted to say music *really* badly. But ... people can make
   their own music. They can tell their own stories too, but
   experience comes first. If you can short-circuit the need to
   experience death by a fictional character dying instead, you can
   life vicariously through their experience and understand it
   better.

   Children have died thousands of times thanks to cartoon and
   video game deaths. I believe it helps at some level.