as(1) GNU Development Tools as(1) NNAAMMEE GNU as--the portable GNU assembler. SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS aass [--aa|--aall|--aass] [--DD] [--ff] [--II _p_a_t_h] [--KK] [--LL] [--oo _o_b_j_f_i_l_e] [--RR] [--vv] [--ww] [---- | _f_i_l_e_s...] _i_9_6_0_-_o_n_l_y _o_p_t_i_o_n_s_: [--AACCAA|--AACCAA__AA|--AACCBB|--AACCCC|--AAKKAA|--AAKKBB|--AAKKCC|--AAMMCC] [--bb] [--nnoorreellaaxx] _m_6_8_0_x_0_-_o_n_l_y _o_p_t_i_o_n_s_: [--ll] [--mmcc6688000000|--mmcc6688001100|--mmcc6688002200] DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN GNU aass is really a family of assemblers. If you use (or have used) the GNU assembler on one architecture, you should find a fairly similar environment when you use it on another architecture. Each version has much in common with the others, including object file formats, most assembler directives (often called _p_s_e_u_d_o_-_o_p_s_) and assem- bler syntax. For information on the syntax and pseudo-ops used by GNU aass, see `aass' entry in iinnffoo (or the manual _U_s_i_n_g _a_s_: _T_h_e _G_N_U _A_s_s_e_m_b_l_e_r). aass is primarily intended to assemble the output of the GNU C compiler ggcccc for use by the linker lldd. Nevertheless, we've tried to make aass assemble correctly everything that the native assembler would. This doesn't mean aass always uses the same syntax as another assembler for the same architecture; for example, we know of several incompatible versions of 680x0 assembly language syntax. Each time you run aass it assembles exactly one source pro- gram. The source program is made up of one or more files. (The standard input is also a file.) If aass is given no file names it attempts to read one input file from the aass standard input, which is normally your terminal. You may have to type ccttll--DD to tell aass there is no more program to assemble. Use `----' if you need to explicitly name the standard input file in your command line. aass may write warnings and error messages to the standard error file (usually your terminal). This should not hap- pen when aass is run automatically by a compiler. Warnings report an assumption made so that aass could keep assembling a flawed program; errors report a grave problem that stops the assembly. cygnus support 21 January 1992 1 as(1) GNU Development Tools as(1) OOPPTTIIOONNSS --aa|--aall|--aass Turn on assembly listings; `--aall', listing only, `--aass', symbols only, `--aa', everything. --DD This option is accepted only for script compatibil- ity with calls to other assemblers; it has no effect on aass. --ff ``fast''--skip preprocessing (assume source is com- piler output). --II _p_a_t_h Add _p_a_t_h to the search list for ..iinncclluuddee direc- tives. --KK Issue warnings when difference tables altered for long displacements. --LL Keep (in symbol table) local symbols, starting with `LL' --oo _o_b_j_f_i_l_e Name the object-file output from aass --RR Fold data section into text section --vv Announce aass version --WW Suppress warning messages _-_- | _f_i_l_e_s_._._. Source files to assemble, or standard input (----) --AA_v_a_r _(_W_h_e_n _c_o_n_f_i_g_u_r_e_d _f_o_r _I_n_t_e_l _9_6_0_._) Specify which variant of the 960 architecture is the target. --bb _(_W_h_e_n _c_o_n_f_i_g_u_r_e_d _f_o_r _I_n_t_e_l _9_6_0_._) Add code to col- lect statistics about branches taken. --nnoorreellaaxx _(_W_h_e_n _c_o_n_f_i_g_u_r_e_d _f_o_r _I_n_t_e_l _9_6_0_._) Do not alter com- pare-and-branch instructions for long displace- ments; error if necessary. --ll _(_W_h_e_n _c_o_n_f_i_g_u_r_e_d _f_o_r _M_o_t_o_r_o_l_a _6_8_0_0_0_)_. Shorten references to undefined symbols, to one word instead of two. --mmcc6688000000|--mmcc6688001100|--mmcc6688002200 _(_W_h_e_n _c_o_n_f_i_g_u_r_e_d _f_o_r _M_o_t_o_r_o_l_a _6_8_0_0_0_)_. Specify what processor in the 68000 family is the target (default 68020) cygnus support 21 January 1992 2 as(1) GNU Development Tools as(1) Options may be in any order, and may be before, after, or between file names. The order of file names is signifi- cant. `----' (two hyphens) by itself names the standard input file explicitly, as one of the files for aass to assemble. Except for `----' any command line argument that begins with a hyphen (`--') is an option. Each option changes the behavior of aass. No option changes the way another option works. An option is a `--' followed by one or more let- ters; the case of the letter is important. All options are optional. The `--oo' option expects exactly one file name to follow. The file name may either immediately follow the option's letter (compatible with older assemblers) or it may be the next command argument (GNU standard). These two command lines are equivalent: aass --oo mmyy--oobbjjeecctt--ffiillee..oo mmuummbbllee..ss aass --oommyy--oobbjjeecctt--ffiillee..oo mmuummbbllee..ss SSEEEE AALLSSOO `aass' entry in iinnffoo; _U_s_i_n_g _a_s_: _T_h_e _G_N_U _A_s_s_e_m_b_l_e_r; ggcccc(11), lldd(11). CCOOPPYYIINNGG Copyright (c) 1991, 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified ver- sions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into another language, under the above con- ditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be included in translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in the original English. cygnus support 21 January 1992 3 .