OD(1L) OD(1L) NNAAMMEE od - dump files in octal and other formats SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS oodd [-abcdfhiloxv] [-s[bytes]] [-w[bytes]] [-A radix] [-j bytes] [-N bytes] [-t type] [--skip-bytes=bytes] [--address-radix=radix] [--read-bytes=bytes] [--for- mat=type] [--output-duplicates] [--strings[=bytes]] [--width[=bytes]] [--traditional] [--help] [--version] [file...] DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN This manual page documents the GNU version of oodd. oodd writes to the standard output the contents of the given files, or of the standard input if the name `-' is given. Each line of the output consists of the offset in the input file in the leftmost column of each line, followed by one or more columns of data from the file, in a format controlled by the options. By default, oodd prints the file offsets in octal and the file data as two-byte octal num- bers. OOPPTTIIOONNSS _-_A_, _-_-_a_d_d_r_e_s_s_-_r_a_d_i_x_=_r_a_d_i_x Select the base in which file offsets are printed. _r_a_d_i_x can be one of the following: d decimal o octal x hexadecimal n none (do not print offsets) The default is octal. _-_j_, _-_-_s_k_i_p_-_b_y_t_e_s_=_b_y_t_e_s Skip _b_y_t_e_s input bytes before formatting and writ- ing. If bbyytteess begins with `0x' or `0X', it is interpreted in hexadecimal; otherwise, if it begins with `0', in octal; otherwise, in decimal. Append- ing `b' multiplies it by 512, `k' by 1024, and `m' by 1048576. _-_N_, _-_-_r_e_a_d_-_b_y_t_e_s_=_b_y_t_e_s Only output up to _b_y_t_e_s bytes of each input file. Any prefixes and suffixes on bbyytteess are interpreted as for the _-_j option. _-_t_, _-_-_f_o_r_m_a_t_=_t_y_p_e Select the format in which to output the file data. _t_y_p_e is a string of one or more of the below type FSF GNU Text Utilities 1 OD(1L) OD(1L) indicator characters. If you include more than one type indicator character in a single _t_y_p_e string or use this option more than once, oodd writes one copy of each output line using each of the data types that you specified, in the order that you speci- fied. a named character c ASCII character or backslash escape d signed decimal f floating point o octal u unsigned decimal x hexadecimal Except for types `a' and `c', you can specify the number of bytes to use in interpreting each number in the given data type by following the type indicator character with a decimal integer. Alternately, you can specify the size of one of the C compiler's built-in data types by following the type indicator character with one of the following characters. For integers (d, o, u, x): C char S short I int L long For floating point (f): F float D double L long double _-_v_, _-_-_o_u_t_p_u_t_-_d_u_p_l_i_c_a_t_e_s Output consecutive lines that are identical. By default, when two or more consecutive output lines would be equal, oodd outputs only the first line, and puts just an asterisk on the following line to indicate that identical lines have been elided. _-_s_, _-_-_s_t_r_i_n_g_s_[_=_b_y_t_e_s_] Instead of the normal output, output only string FSF GNU Text Utilities 2 OD(1L) OD(1L) constants in the input, which are a run of at least _b_y_t_e_s ASCII graphic (or formatting) characters, terminated by a NUL. If _b_y_t_e_s is omitted, it defaults to 3. _-_w_, _-_-_w_i_d_t_h_[_=_b_y_t_e_s_] The number of input bytes to format per output line. It must be a multiple of the least common multiple of the sizes associated with the specified output types. If _b_y_t_e_s is omitted, it defaults to 32. If this option is not given, it defaults to 16. _-_-_h_e_l_p Print a usage message and exit with a non-zero sta- tus. _-_-_v_e_r_s_i_o_n Print version information on standard output then exit. The next several options map the old, pre-POSIX format specification options to the corresponding POSIX format specs. GNU oodd accepts any combination of old- and new- style options. Format specification options accumulate. _-_a Output as named characters. Equivalent to _-_t _a. _-_b Output as octal bytes. Equivalent to _-_t _o_C. _-_c Output as ASCII characters or backslash escapes. Equivalent to _-_t _c. _-_d Output as unsigned decimal shorts. Equivalent to _-_t _u_2. _-_f Output as floats. Equivalent to _-_t _f_F. _-_h Output as hexadecimal shorts. Equivalent to _-_t _x_2. _-_i Output as decimal shorts. Equivalent to _-_t _d_2. _-_l Output as decimal longs. Equivalent to _-_t _d_4. _-_o Output as octal shorts. Equivalent to _-_t _o_2. _-_x Output as hexadecimal shorts. Equivalent to _-_t _x_2. _-_-_t_r_a_d_i_t_i_o_n_a_l Recognize the pre-POSIX non-option arguments that some older versions of od accepted. The following syntax oodd --traditional [file] [[+]offset[.][b] [[+]label[.][b]]] can be used to specify at most one file and FSF GNU Text Utilities 3 OD(1L) OD(1L) optional arguments specifying an offset and a pseudo-start address, _l_a_b_e_l_. By default, _o_f_f_s_e_t is interpreted as an octal number specifying how many input bytes to skip before formatting and writing. The optional trailing decimal point forces the interpretation of _o_f_f_s_e_t as a decimal number. If no decimal is specified and the offset begins with `0x' or `0x' it is interpreted as a hexadecimal number. If there is a trailing `b', the number of bytes skipped will be _o_f_f_s_e_t multiplied by 512. The label argument is interpreted just like offset, but it specifies an initial pseudo-address. The pseudo addresses are displayed in parentheses fol- lowing any normal address. FSF GNU Text Utilities 4 .